In the application of longitudinal vibration, a conventional vibration system is usually of one-dimensional construction, such as a solid horn. High power vibrational energy is not contained because of the radial coupling of the vibration. But however, the authors are sure it may be more convenient that ultrasonic energy can be transmitted from the direction of the driver to the other, and also, that ultrasonic energy may be concentrated by the parallel operation of drivers and may be divided into plural loads from one vibrational source. From this point of view, the authors have devised the directional converters of longitudinal vibration (called an L-L-L Type Converter) as shown in Fig. 1. The converter consists of three longitudinal vibrational robs of equivalent half wavelength coupled with each other at their node of vibration (as shown in Fig. 5), and it has two fundamental resonant frequencies. One is in the same phase at their free end surfaces (called in-phase-mode resonance (as shown in Fig. 4a)), and the other is in the same phase with each other at two directional free end surfaces and the opposite phase at the other free end surface (called anti-phase-mode resonance (as shown in Fig. 4(b)). In this case, each rod of it makes three dimensional vibrations to each mode. The uniform rod with rectangular cross-section as well as the converter has all three, in -phase-mode, quasi-in-phase-mode and anti-phase-mode (Table 2) resonant frequencies. In all cases, the resonant frequencies of the in-phase-mode were higher than that of the anti-phase-mode. The authors analyzed the converter by making assumptions from these vibrational characteristics, and by defining the equivalent elastic modulus of the coupled part to each axis(Table 3, 4, 5, and Fig. 10), and formed the equations (9)-(17) according to the necessary design. we also, designed, devised and measured the new converter. The result was within one percent of the designed resonant frequency (Fig. 11, 12), the calculated curve of vibrational distribution (Fig. 13), and the calculated ratio of velocity(Fig. 14, 15).
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