It has become very popular to play musical instruments in Japan recently. A considerable number of learners practice the keyed instruments such as piano or organ. Training methods however, need improving and busy teachers have no time to inform learners of the detailed faults of their fingering. Therefore, the development of a teaching machine which can help the teachers would be extremely useful in music education. From this point of view, this research is concerned with the fuilding of a system utilizing a computer that gives feedbacks to learners' playing keyed instruments so that they may recognize the characteristics of their fingering easily. One of the feedbacks is the display of the length, the volume and the pitch of each tone on an X-Y plotter, and the other is concerned with general characteristics. Consequently, the repertoire is essentially limited to etude. There are three kinds of methods in the system (see Fig. 1-(a), (b)-A and (b)-B) and the characteristics of each are summarized in Table 1. In our research, method II-A was chosen for the following two reasons. Firstly, it is developed for learners who are unable to go to the computer center. Secondly, method II-B has no facility for the accurate recognition of tone length. As the first step of the research, this paper presents the system which recognizes a series of organ monotones and displays them on an X-Y plotter (see Fig. 5). In this case, each neighboring tone is separated (see Fig. 3). In section 2, the characteristics is organ tone are described (see Fig. 2), and in section 3, detailed procedures of the recognition are given. Section 4 deals with the characteristics of the learners' fingering and states that the standard deviation of the tone lengths over a short period is an efficient factor characterization of the fingering. Moreover, we asked musicians to what extent fingering is acceptable to them in terms of the deviation, and from their answers, we decided the thresholds (see Table 3).
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