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38 巻, 1 号
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中島 平太郎原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 1-
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
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太田 光雄, 畠山 一達, 高桑 誠明原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 2-12
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーAs a general rule, in actual noise environments, various kinds of noise factors form the composite noise ambience. This fact, therefore, makes it difficult to estimate the objective noise statistics, especially in the case of non-stationary random noise. This difficulty of estimation arises in every case not only of estimating the mean level, but also of the variance and other higher order moments under the existence of background noise. In reference to random noise, the estimation problem can no longer be solved by employing only the deterministic relationship of the phenomena, like the well-known correction method based upon the sum of the energy. In this case, a new method of statistical estimation should be established. Notwithstanding the strong necessity of practical engineering, apparently no systematical study has been found from such a point of view. Therefore, in this paper, a new trial toward a dynamical method of estimating the objective noise under arbitrary background noise is theoretically discussed for the general case when the random noise fluctuates in an arbitrary distribution form of the non-Gaussian type. The algorithm proposed in this paper agrees on all points with the well-known Kalman filter, as an idealized special case. Furthermore, the validity of this theory is confirmed experimentally by means of observation of actual road traffic noise in Hiroshima city.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1324K) -
太田 光雄, 永井 一則原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 13-21
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, a new method of finding the sequential state estimation algorithm is established as one of the techniques for overcoming the difficulty owing to the observation noise (or the background noise) which inevitably appears in the actual observation. It is derived by generalizing the well-known Kalman Filter under consideration of the proper characteristics appearing especially in the field of environmental noise and vibration. Its form of algorithm can be artificially preestablished form the viewpoint of practical usefulness. More concretely, the Bayes Theorem is expressed in its expansion form, matched with the preestablished algorithm form without losing the information on higher order moments, and a method of putting the information of sequentially observed data into this preestablished algorithm form is proposed. Furthermore, the theoretical legitimacy of this new method is established by proving that this algorithm and the Kalman Filter agree perfectly with each other in a special case. Then the methodological effectiveness is confirmed by applying it to two kinds of typical estimation problems for actual architectual acoustics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1094K) -
久野 和宏, 池谷 和夫, 三品 善昭原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 22-29
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーHere the traffic flow is regarded as a mixed one with several kinds of vehicles. Joint probability density function of velocity and PWL of the flowing vehicles is derived with regressive equation between them well known experimentally. From this the influences of velocity distribution on statistics of PWL are discussed. The effects of their variances of PWL and velocity as well as relative proportions of different kinds of vehicles on L_<eq> are investigated. In agreement with usual opinions the results show that it is important to decrease the proportion of heavy vehicles in traffic stream and to regulate their PWL in order to reduce noise exposure around the road.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (914K) -
井 研治, 服部 昭三原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 30-35
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーA methodical approach for evaluating each sound intensity from the vehicle stream is described. By the Fourier transform theory, each frequency component of sampled sound intensity by moving n point sources can be expressed by a linear equation of n complex exponentials. Applying the Prony's method to above equation, both vehicle velocity and time when every vehicle passes at the front of the observation point can be determined by the roots of polynomial equation. And each sound intensity can be chosen in such a way that the sum of squared norm is minimized. For the actual data, the total intensity reduction from point source is assumed to be expressed by a product of the attenuation by the distance and cosine function with which the excess attenuation is represented simply. An experimental results shows that the recomposed sound intensity by the estimated results gives good approximation to actual noise level tracing. This method can be applicable to identify the fixed noise sources by using traveling microphone, and also has general applicability in the field where inverse-square-law exists.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (685K) -
三品 善昭, 林 顕効, 久野 和宏, 池谷 和夫原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 36-45
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーSurvey of personal noise exposure due to the activities in the daily lives of 211 subjects was done in and near Nagoya city. For workers, their activities are classified into nine categories such as commuting, working, taking lunch, sleep and so on. For housewives also, their activities are classified into sixteen categories such as shopping, cooking, sleep and so on. The percentage of noise exposure and of time duration of the above activities in a day are calculated for each subject . The results show noise exposure of workers during working and commuting hours amounted to 80% of the total exposed sound energy in a day. Skilled workers, sales & service workers and proffessional workers are exposed to maximum sound energy in their workshops. In the case of office workers, however, noise exposure during commutation is predominant. As for housewives noise exposure in shopping, in social associations and in dining are predominant. It is also found some differences in activities and noise exposure among different age groups of housewives.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
高原 秀房原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 46-50
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
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船田 三郎, 松岡 進原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 51-54
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
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熊本 芳朗原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 55-60
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
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中村 賢二原稿種別: 本文
1981 年 38 巻 1 号 p. 61-64
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2017/06/02
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (612K)
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