巻号一覧
72 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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Hironaga KAKOI, Shun-ichi NAGATA, Masahiko KUROSAWA2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 453-460
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーA microsatellite DNA typing with 17 microsatellites (mSats) including nine international minimum standard mSats was developed for parentage verification of racehorse, and 1, 308 racehorses, Thoroughbred and Anglo-Arab, were analyzed using the 17 mSats. Reasonable reliability and reproducibility of genotyping were observed based on data of sizing precision of PCR fragments. On both breeds, discrimination and exclusion probabilities were estimated to be approximately 6×10-17-10-18 and over 0.99999, respectively. Therefore, it is theoretically suggested that the present DNA typing has high ability for individual identification and parentage verification. Actually, true paternities for 367 double mating cases could be verified using the 17 mSats. Furthermore, to confirm potentiality for resolution of multiple mating, paternity testing was simulated by selection from 502 provisional stallions in 367 mare-offspring pair cases. Decision rate for one candidate sire with the 17 loci was 97.3% indicating high ability for resolution of multiple mating. These data suggest that the present DNA typing is quite suitable to parentage verification for racehorses in Japan.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (576K) -
Hiroshi UCHIDA, Shoshichi IKEDA, Mitsuharu ISHIDA, Tatsushi INOUE, Tak ...2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 461-466
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーBody weights of 21 artificially reared sika deer (Cervus nippon), including 10 males and 11 females, were measured from birth until 24-36 months of age, and the data were analyzed. The increases in body weights of the males and females from birth to 3 months of age were almost the same. However, the rate of increase in body weights of males became greater than that of females after 4 months of age, and this difference became greater with the advance of age. The rate of increase in body weights of females, but not of males, became asymptotic after 30 months of age. A significant inter-family difference was found in body weights of the deer from 4 to 12 months of age, suggesting the influence of genetic factors on growth rate. Significant differences between sexes, but not between families were found in rate of maturing, body weight at the inflection point on the logistic growth curve and growth rate. The inflection points on the logistic growth curves for males and females, which were thought to indicate the onset of puberty, were 8.5 and 7.3 months of age, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
Takako KIMURA, Masaaki IINO, Hajime DAKE, Kiyoshi NISHIDA, Ryu ITOH, Y ...2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 467-472
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーJapanese Shorthorn bulls have been selected based on a selection index after performance test, and based on independent culling levels after progeny test. A scheme was proposed for genetic evaluation of bulls using economic weights equivalent to desired gains of the traits measured in performance and progeny tests. The genetic parameters of six traits measured in performance and progeny tests were estimated. Using the parameters, the breeding values of the six traits on each bull were evaluated. Two breeding goals, A and B, were assigned. The breeding goal A was to restore 1.0 of beef marbling standard (BMS number) keeping daily gain in progeny test constant. The breeding goal B was to restore 1.0 of BMS number without any restriction on the other traits. Two sets of weighting factors for the selection indices were calculated to realize the relative desired gains of the six traits for reaching the breeding goals A and B. The indices consisted of phenotypic values of the six traits. Using the two sets of weighting factors, two sets of relative desired gains to reach the goal A and B were transformed into two sets of relative economic weights for the six traits. The selections with Smith and Hazel type selection indices based on the economic weights are expected to bring us approximately equivalent relative genetic gains of the six traits to the relative desired gains to reach the breeding goals A and B. The economic weights make it possible to estimate the aggregate genotype of each bull. The sequential selections based on an aggregate genotype of bulls will result in consistent genetic improvement targeting a same breeding goal. All the testing stations of Japanese Shorthorn have been adopted the aggregate genotype for goal A as selection criterion in 1999. The future subject on the data collection in field was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (468K) -
Naoki ISOBE, Haruyoshi KAWAI, Yukinori YOSHIMURA, Toshihiko NAKAO2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 473-482
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーChanges in the localization of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the follicular microvasculature were examined to determine whether functional modulation of microvasculature occurred in the atretic follicle in cows. Paraffin sections of healthy follicles and various stages of atretic follicles were immunostained with rabbit monoclonal antibody to vWF. The vWF-positive cells were counted in 4 different regions of a follicle from the apical to the basal side. In all types of follicles, immunoreactions for vWF were observed in the endothelial cells of capillaries as well as veins and arteries in the theca interna and externa. In the theca interna, the vWF-positive area was significantly (P<0.05) greater in advanced and late atretic follicles than in healthy and early atretic follicles at all regions except for the apical region of advanced atretic follicles. In the theca externa, vWF-positive area significantly (P<0.05) increased with a progress of atresia only at the apical region of follicles. However, in the late atretic follicles, the theca tissues and blood vessels did not show obvious histological disintegration. These results suggest that the increase of the vWF expression in the endothelial cells occurs before morphological changes of microvasculature appear in the atretic follicles. The functional modulation of microvasculature that is associated with the expression of vWF may be involved in the events of atresia.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2451K) -
Masatoshi MATSUZAKI, Takahiro SATO, Nobuya SHIBA, Shin-ichiro HARA, Ei ...2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 483-493
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーEffects of nutritional restriction during the early growing phase on growth performance, carcass traits and the state of the somatotropic axis were investigated in 12 Holstein steers. During a rearing period (5 to 8 months old), 6 steers were given ad libitum access to a concentrate and a grass hay (ADLIB). The 6 other steers had their concentrate intake restricted at a rate of 1.5% of body weight (REST). Then, the steers of both groups were fattened with ad libitum access to another concentrate and the hay until slaughter (18 months old). The average daily gain for REST steers decreased (P<0.01) in the rearing period compared with ADLIB steers, whereas the difference tended to be reversed (P=0.10) in the fattening period. Feed conversion during fattening phase was improved (P<0.01) by the early nutritional restriction. Finishing weight, carcass weight, carcass grading factors and intramuscular lipid content were similar for both groups, but a trend for a higher (P=0.09) dressing percentage in the REST group was observed. Fat proportion in the 7th rib portionwas decreased (P<0.05) and the lean proportion tended to be increased (P=0.06) by restricted feeding. Restricted concentrate feeding decreased (P<0.05) plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) at the end of the rearing period. The growth hormone (GH) secretory response to thyrotropin releasing hormone challenge and cellular density of pituitary GH cells, however, were unaffected by treatments. The results suggest that early nutritional restriction affect finishing carcass composition and the modulation of the developmental changes in plasma IGF-I may be involved in the process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (995K) -
Atsushi OHGUSHI, Tomoe YAMASHITA, Kouichi SASHIHARA, D. Michael DENBOW ...2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 494-497
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of intrayolk administration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on distress behavior after hatching was investigated using two types (with or without phospholipid) of DHA. Hatchability was decreased by both types of DHA, but there was no difference between sources of DHA. At two-days-of-age, birds from each treatment were individually isolated and distress vocalizations (DVs) were counted for 10min. DVs tended to decrease faster in DHA-treated birds compared with the control, but the effect was not significant. Thereafter, food intake following the intracerebroventricular injection of corticotropin- releasing factor (CRF) was monitored in three-day-old birds from each treatment. Birds hatched from eggs injected with DHA without phospholipid rapidly overcame the food intake suppression caused by CRF when compared with other treatments. In conclusion, birds hatched eggs rich in DHA may be better adapted to stressful circumstances.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (315K) -
Masanori MATSUISHI, Mitsuhiro FUJIMORI, Akihiro OKITANI2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 498-504
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーPreference of taste or both aroma and taste between Wagyu (Japanese Black Cattle) beef and imported beef on market was compared to reveal reasons why Wagyu beef is considered to be more palatable than imported beef in Japan. Panelists ate heated beef samples and assessed preference on taste by pinching their noses and both aroma and taste by not pinching their noses. As a result there was no difference in preference on taste between both samples, but in the case of both aroma and taste Wagyu beef was significantly preferred to imported beef. Wagyu beef presented a preferable, sweet and fatty aroma, which was different from the conditioned raw beef aroma, while imported beef did not present such an aroma. Therefore, the existence of such an aroma was presumed to be one of the reasons why Japanese people preferred Wagyu beef to imported beef. We proposed to name this aroma Wagyu beef aroma. The optimum cooking temperature to generate Wagyu beef aroma was found to be 80°C. This aroma was almost absent in Wagyu beef immediately after slaughter. The experiment on additional storage of Wagyu beef slices suggested that a considerable high level of fat-marbling and contact with oxygen were necessary to generate Wagyu beef aroma. On the other hand, an antibacterial agent, chloramphenicol, did not inhibit the generation of Wagyu beef aroma in highly marbled beef stored under air, indicating that a group of bacteria including Brochothrix thermosphacta which is essential for the generation of the conditioned raw beef aroma were not responsible for the generation of Wagyu beef aroma.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (605K) -
Susumu MUROYA, Ikuyo NAKAJIMA, Koichi CHIKUNI2001 年 72 巻 6 号 p. 505-512
発行日: 2001/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーAipha 4 integrin has been known to play an important role in the myotube formation of mouse skeletal muscle satellite cells on the myotube surface. In the present study, the 3480-bp nucleotide sequence of the bovine α4 integrin cDNA was determined, including the entire coding region of 1033 amino acids. The bovine α4 integrin cDNA has 81.4% and 87.2% identity with the mouse and human α4 integrin nucleotide sequences, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the bovine α4 integrin mature protein showed 81.1% and 85.9% identity with the mouse and human α4 integrin amino acid sequence, respectively. An RT-PCR analysis showed that bovine α4 integrin was expressed in both the proliferating and differentiating primarily-cultured skeletal muscle satellite cells at higher levels than in the muscle tissue. This expression before the differentiation suggests that α4 integrin plays a role in proliferating mononucieated satellite cells in skeletal myogenesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1590K)
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