Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is said to have many excellent and rapid effects on the mental disorders, has been reported to cause transient but severe cardiovascular hazards, and has been modified in many ways for its management.
Premedication with 1.0mg of atropine sulfate is more effective than 0.5mg of it to prevent the cardiac arrest, severe bradycardia and other vagal arrhythmias.
3mg of propranolol with atropine decreases the incidence of severe ventricular premature contractions (VPC), and reduces the duration of tachycardia.
Thiopental is seemed to reduce the ventricular arrhythmias after ECT, but on the contrary halothane evokes many hazardous VPCs of long duration in every case.
Cardiac arrest or several bradycardia, which is seen during the application of electric current for 5 seconds, is more likely to occur with succinylcholine chloride (SCC) than with dTc, gallamine or diallyl-nor-toxiferine. ECT-arrhythmias are more rare with gallamine or diallyl-nor-toxiferine as dTc than with SCC, but the need of antidote is troublesome.
When ECT is repeated 2-3 times with an interval of 5 minutes, intratracheal intubation is necessary for the aspiration of increased saliva, and also venous route must always be under anesthetist's hand.

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Inhibitory effects on combined chemotherapy with four antitumor agents, Mitomycin C (M), Chromomycin A₃ (TM), Cyclophosphamide (E), and Triethylen-thiophosphamide (Tespa), against KB cell in vitro were observed in two experimental series.
In the first series; only one of four agents was applied to KB cell for three hours a day, and all four agents were used one by one for four days in this fashion. Concentrations of antitumor agents used were as follows: M 0.04mcg/ml, 0.4mcg/ml; TM 0.01mcg/ml, 0.1mcg/ml; E 2.0mcg/ml, 20mcg/ml; Tespa 0.1mcg/ml, 1.0mcg/mcg/ml.
In the second series; four agents were added on KB cell for one hour per one agent in the same day for four days.
In these series, comparative studies on number of cells, mitotic rate, and morphologic changes of cells between control KB cell and KB cell treated with antitumor agents were carried out.
1) In the first series, considerable inhibitory effect was observed in the series of high concentration of the agents. Inhibitory effect in the low concentration series was appeared to be between that of the high concentration series and that of the control.
2) The similar inhibitory effect to that obtained in the first series was also observed in the second series in both low and high concentrations of the agents.
3) As for combined therapy with antitumor agents, further studies on more effective combination of the agents, doses, duration of treatment should be carried out.

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Attempts were made to determine when the patient with chronic hepatitis would be able to rehabilitate.
Materials and Methods:
The patients with liver injury were divided into 2 groups.
The 1st group: Levels of serum transaminase were under 100U. (Reitman and Frankel method) which fluctuated slightly in three weeks duration. This group comprised the patients of convalescent stage of acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis.
The 2nd Group: Levels of transaminase were from 100 to 300U. with slight fluctuation. This group comprised the patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis.
Four sorts of exercises were loaded, that is, two times of 10 minute bathing, Master's two step test, cycling and walking of 10 thousand steps.
Levels of transaminase were measured immediately, at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after the exercises.
Result:
In both groups, no significant increase of serum transaminase was observed at every stage after exercises. This indicates that such exercises have little value for establishment of criteria for rehabilitation of the patients with chronic hepatitis and that the other factors must be considered.

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Recently, postoperative pulmonary complication has been increased in number resulting from extension of the operative indication and invasion.
Thirty-two patients suffered from the heavy pulmonary complications among 1782 cases who were admitted to the Department of Surgery, Iwakuni National Hospital during the period from Jan., 1966 to Dec., 1968; the ratio was about 1.8%.
About the primary disease, gastric cancer was highest in proportion.
On the account of the pulmonary complications, 11 cases suffered from pneumonia.
The mortality of thirty-two cases was fifty per cent. Picked up three interesting cases were as follows: (1) Pneumonia resulted from the tracheal injury caused by false intubation. (2) Pulmonary edema after a recurrent myocardial infarction which was developed during the postoperative course. (3) Insufficiency of ventilation caused by left total pneumonectomy.
Some consideration and discussion were stated.

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We reported the experience of 588 cases on fluothane anesthesia for lung surgery. Techniques of induction and maintenance, amounts of fluothane and other drugs, and relationships between operative bleeding volume and blood pressure were analysed.
S. C. C. was used for short non-open chest surgery, and curare was used for long open chest surgery. We recognized that low blood pressure due to G. O. F. with curare could be applied to reduce operative bleeding.
It is generally known that curare was contraindication for fluothane anesthesia, because it causes low blood pressure due to combined effect with fluothane and blocking sympathetic nerve. However, anesthesia was performed adjusting the concentration of fluothane and the dose of curare, with monitor for EKG and pulse rate. We considered that G. O. F. with curare anesthesia was performed safely in our cases, because we had no experience of anesthetic accidents.

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Of 815 chest surgey cases observed from January, 1961 to December, 198, 220 or 27.0% of cases were found to be suffering from serum hepatitis (S. H.).
1. Incidence by years was highest in 1962 at 43%, and despite of a gradual decrease the rate remains above 10% thereafter. The co-incidence of jaundice in S. H. patients remaind almost constant in 25%.
2. Incidence showed no dependance on sex.
3. The incidence of S. H. decreased with increasing age of the patient, but the co-incidence of jaundice increased.
4. Both the incidence of S. H. and co-incidence of jaundice was higher in the tubercular group than in the non-tubercular.
5. Within the tubercular group, the incidence of S. H. and the co-incidence of jaundice increased with the extent of the tubercular lesion.
6. In the tubercular group, it was found that the longer the period during which anti-tubercular drugs had been administered, the greater the incidence of S. H. and the co-incidence of jaundice.
7. Of the various anti-tubercular drugs, patients taking 1314 TH showed a particularly high co-incidence of jaundice, and some deaths occurred.
8. No definite connection could be discerned linking blood type and pre-operative white corpuscle count with S. H. incidence.
9. When the relationship to respiratory function was examined as a %VC, patients who exhibited pre- and post-operative respiratory function suffered a higher incidence of S. H. and a higher co-incidence of jaundice.
10. Increased transfusion of blood resulted in higher incidence of both S. H. and jaundice, but there is no relationship between the amount of transfused blood and the co-incidence of jaundice to S. H. cases.
11. Analysis by operative procedure showed that the total pneumonectocmy group had the highest incidence of S. H. and co-incidence of jaundice.
12. Incidence of S. H. and co-incidence of jaundice both increased with the number of operations performed.
13. The incubation periods of S. H. after the blood transfusion was 2 months in 67.8% and 3 months in 88.0%. A similar trend was noted for jaundice.
14. The period of contraction of S. H. tended to prolong the co-incidence of jaundice.

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This report is embodied the result of researches on the state of affairs in sixteen dental facilities of national hospitals from April, 1964 to March, 1966.
It has the object to obtain basic data on what natioal hospitals should be from synthetic point of view.
The number of objects of these researches are 26, 457 in all. The outline of the result of this investigations is shown by twenty-six tables and fifteen figures.

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Two cases of pinealoma are reported.
Case 1. A 27 aged Japanese male, who had been treated for diabetes insipidus for 2 years. At about 10 months prior to death he complained of dizziness, dysarthria and dysbasia. He died with severe dysphagia, as a sign of bulbar palsy.
An about 20×20mm. sized tumor was found in the hypothalamic region, which was extended to the entire ventricular walls. The tumor cells infiltrated to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and widely into the subarachnoid space. Detailed examination revealed neoplastic growth of pineal body.
Case 2. A 24 aged Japanese male, who had complained anorexia, emaciation, nausea, vomiting and autism for about 11 months, later he was diagnosed as schizophrenia. He died with frequent vomiting and coma lasted for several days. An about 30×20mm. sized tumor was found in the hypothalamic region extended to pituitary gland downward, to the IIIrd and lateral ventricular walls upward and into subarachnoid space. Detailed examination revealed neoplastic growth of pineal body.
These 2 cases were histologically diagnosed pinealoma, which showed typical mosaic structure; larger cell group separated by smaller dark cell zone. The histological pictures of these 2 cases to be appropriated to “germinoma” by Friedman or “atypical teratoma” by Russel.

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The characteristic figures of eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma are tumors growing in the soft tissue, causing its remarkable local production of lymphfollicles, and eosinophilic leucocytosis both in the local field and in the periphery blood. Eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma is now considered as an independent disease, though it is rather a rare one. Up to the present, about 100 cases are reported in Japan, while it is difficult to find any case reports in foreign countries. The author reported here a case of eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma treated for six years by himself. The patient is a dealer, aged 27-years-old, who visited our clinic at first in october, 1962. The tumor which had beer, at that time, as large as a little hen's egg, grew up as large as a fist after two years, accompanied no subjective symptomes. The leucocytes numbered at maximum 15, 600 and the maximal percentage of the eosinophilic leucocytes amounted to fifty six. The typical figures was observed histologically on its tisse. At the beginning, administraticn of steroids had an effect on marked reduction of its size, but after a while their effects became uncertain. Because of its vague boundary from the parotid gland, only the partial resection of the tumor were attempted twice. Soon after each surgery the tumor reproduced progressively. It was found finally that the radiation therapy was most effective. In consequence of the radiation amounted to 2, 000r, the tumor had distinctly reduced and persistent for six months without any sign of recurrence.

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