1. Clinical observations were made on 43 hospitalized cases, in whom 22 cases were in ENT department and the other 21 cases were in the related department, complaining of vertigo and equilibrium disturbance during past 21 months. These cases were 3% of all admitted patients in ENT department. Among them cerebral vascular disease (C. V. D.) were found in 7 cases, but Meniere's disease was only 3 cases. Most of the cases which were suspected of C. V. D, showed some signs of central nervous system disorders and some cases among them showed retrocochlear findings as temporary threshold shift in audiometry or central type of nystagmus in vestibular tests. Therefore, in diagnosing patients with vertigo and equilibrium disorder, synthetic diagnostic procedure including the above mentioned tests are necessary. The relationship of these findings and symptoms to the site of lesions is discussed.
2. On analysing the subjective vertigo, the patient's mentality or neurotic character should also be considered. Using nystagmus as an indicator of the therapeutic effects of drugs, one should take alertness of the patient. It should also be considered that disappearance of nystagmus does not always mean relief from vertigo, because of the course of vertigo and nystagmus do not always run pararell.
3. Peripheral vestibular diseases presented are based on the criteria given by the Japan Equilibrium Society. Cases which are not categorized in the given criteria are, however, practically not few.
Such cases as recurrent and reversible perceptive deafness without vertigo are presented and some problem among the criteria given by the Society is discussed. In peripheral vestibular diseases, onset of the disorder of each cochlear and vestibular system and the difference of onset in cases with the disorders of both systems should also be considered for better understanding these cases around the given criteria.

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Recently we experienced the several ceses of ascaris invasion in the T-tube at the common bile duct after operation of biliary tract.
We are concerned even now about several cases of ascaris invasion in the biliary tract.

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The usefulness of scanning for detecting a lung lesion has been extended by developing radiopharmaceuticals (i. e. MAA and ^113mIn iron hydroxide) and scintillation camera, The attractiveness of the scintillation camera was enable to investigate both perfusion and ventilation of the lung quantitatively with ¹³³Xe.
As above mentioned, merit of the lung scanning as a function test could be obtained in easy detecting imbalance of perfusion and ventilation.
Author examined 186 cases of diseases of the lung in the Division of Radioisotope at the Ilnd Tokyo National Hospital, from Jan, through Aug., 1970, and we observed the lung scintiphotography in 101 cases who showed well defined clinical courses.
The scintiphotographs were made by scintillation camera with Aloca XYS-203. After 5 min. intravenous administration of 200 μCi ¹³¹I-MAA on the supine position, minute quantities in every scintiphotographs of the lung was estimated. This procedure was repeated on the prone and lateral position. ¹³³Xe was measured by Hisada's method, in which using a close circuit with O₂ inhalation, when the highest lung uptake value were observed after one shot of intravenous administration of ¹³³Xe solution, the scintiphotos and regional quantities were obtained (perfusion scan), Then expired ¹³³Xe gas was inspirated again with a close circuit (inhalation scan). Thereafter, we checked up the deposition in the lung by wash-outing uuder a open circuit (wash-out scan). Quantitative interpretation could be performed by the value of these 3 stages.
As compared with the pulmonary angiography and bronchospirometry the pulmonary lesion could be detected easily, early, visibly, repeatedly and safely by the scintillation camera, on the other hand resolution and quantitation are slightly inferior to the others.
Author revealed 6 scintigraphic patterns of lung perfusion scan, which are as followings.
I Normal
II Hypoactivity without definite cold areas
a) partial area
b) a single lung area
III Uneven distribution of radioactivity with cold zones
a) patchy defcets
b) clear-cut cold area less than or over one third of a single lung area
IV Cold zone is occupied a single lung area
According to this classification, pulmonary hilar cancer is associated with absent pulmonary arterial perfusion in the corresponding territories, and bronchiectasis can be detected with IIIa pattern; this findings may be reflected by the chronic inflammation and bullous emphysema. In the detection of multiple pulmonary microembolism two-fold scintigraphic pattern consisting of 1) decreased radioactivity along the interlobar fissure (fissural visualization) and 2) apparent diminution in the size of involved lobes (shrunken lobe) is presented peculiarly. Various kinds of scintiphotographic findings in lung fibrosis may be considered as emphysematous bullosis and chronic inflammation. In general, scintiphotograph in aged person is various, so it can't be represented complete patho-physiological states. Although congenital bronchial stenosis revealed IIb pattern, it should be investigated by bronchospirometry or ¹³³Xe, because scintiphotographs with MAA would be limited to representation of the lung lesions.
The application of ¹³³Xe to scintillation camera seems to be excellent, for this technique is used together with perfusion scan, ventilation scan and washout scan.
Seven scintiphotographic patterns are described; complete bronchial obstruction, partial bronchial obstruction, bronchiolar obrtruction, anatomical changes in the pulmonary parenchyma, obstructive pulmonary emphysema, intrapulmonary shunt and anatomical and functional pulmonary obstruction.
Pulmonary scintiphotography does not indicate the cause of pulmonary lelions, but it points out existence and localization of pathological processes of the lung, so it becomes the indicator to

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It is very difficult to short summarize the limiting clinical evaluation on pulmonary function test. Because it has a significance as a part of clinical examination and it is referred to differential diagnosis.
As ventilatory mechanics of the lung we examine characters of elasticity and viscosity of the lung; first of all the static and dynamic lung compliance ΔV/ΔP1/cmHO, as the second the resistance ΔP/V cmHO/1/sec. It takes care of that respiratory resistance by oscillation method used clinically, including lung tissue and chest wall resistance.
For the examination of hemodynamics we measure the pulmonary artery pressure P_AP, cardiac output and pulmonary blood vessel resistances.

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One hundred cases of pulmonary insufficiency were selected, and the pulmonary functional examinations with reference to the arterial blood gas analysis were performed on them. Results were obtained as follows.
1. relations between arterial blood gas and ventilatory function: they were not always significant, but they were useful in order to expect the moving periods to pulmonary insufficiency from pulmonary impairment.
2. pulmonary insufficiency and acid-base balance: over 50% of cases belonged to Pao₂<75 mmHg or Paco₂>45 mmHg group. In many cases, Paco₂ showed high value but pH were normal. In the severe cases, Paco₂ were high and pH were low.
3. for the treatment of pulmonary insufficiency: when the oxygen therapy was given Pao₂ increased remarkably, but Paco₂ increased and pH decreased. Eight cases of the pulmonary insufficiency treated with mechanical respirator were presented, and relations between their clinical courses and blood gas analysis were discussed.

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The following new regression equation formulae of CO pulmonary diffusing capacity were obtained from 121 normal subjects by the breath holding technique.
Male: DLco/BSA=-0.139×Age+20.52
Female: DLco/BSA=-0.068×Age+14.99
DL/VA=-0.05×Age+7.52
Pulmonary diffusing capacity is quite useful to differentiate the condition between bronchial asthma and chronic pulmonary emphysema.
Clinical application of measurement of regional pulmonary function by the radioative Xenon was described based on the author's data and others.

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Operative reconstructions of 3 cases of superior vena cava and 2 cases of inferior vena cava in last 3 years since 1967 at Fukuoka-Chuo National Hospital.
Case I: M. H., 45-yr. male, diag. as thrombosis of superior vena cava and he had teflon graft in superior vena cava 7 yrs. ago but the graft was thrombosed and infected. The graft was removed. Postoperative course was uneventful. Case 2 and 3 were superior vena cava syndrome. Both cases received modified Schramel procedure which was sie to end anastomosis of internal jugular vein to saphena magna. Case 4 and 5 were inferior vena cava obstruction, so-called Budd-Chiari syndrome. Both cases were membraneous type. The cava reconstruction was performed under direct vision using Forgaty catheter and dilator. Postoperative course was satisfactory. The operative procedure was discussed.

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A 19-yeas-old male patient was admitted to Iwakuni National Hospital with two epigastric tumors. The roentgenologic examination and gastrocamera revealed these two tumors were bezoars (148 gr. and 94 gr. in weight). Gastrotomy was performed and two bezoars were removed.
Paper-chromatographic analysis (Bate-Smith method) showed that they contained cyanidin and delphinidin which came from persimmons.

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Recent tremendous increase of documents referred to the medical fields has been causing an over-flow of X-ray information for the radiologist. To make the matter worse a complexity of specialization in an ordinary work finds the variety in a broad range of relation, each other.
As a consequence, it is no surprise that few trust the statistical different results between some documents.
Jn order to overcome the difficulties mentioned above, the author attempted to systematize the optical mark reader, on which the mark spaces that correspond to the pertinent words of the medical category are smeared with pencil and turned into the machine. The smeared words are read and are entered into each box through the optical mark reader.
The most important are the trial of the personal systemic information control by machine, and also the relationship to the MEDLARS (medical literature analysis and retrieval system).

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