VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 28, Issue 2

Displaying 1-43 of 43 articles from this issue

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INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN E ON HUMAN CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY

Mitsuo KAMIMURA, Syozo SATO, Izumi HENNMI, Tsuneomi SASAKI

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 129-131
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_129

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Experimental studies of the pharmacodynamic action of α-tocopherol upon the capillary permeability in the human skin were done. It was found that the α-tocopherol reduced the increased capillary permeability, particulary of extravasal plasma protein leakage caused by various chemical and physical factors such as histamine, acetylcholine, α-chymotrypsin, negative pressure and cold.

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PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CHRONIC TOXICITY OF S-BENZOYLTHIAMINE MONOPHOSPHATE

Masaya ARAKI, Takao HAMA, Yukio SUGIYA, Tadao WADA

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 132-143
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_132

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S-Benzoylthiamine monophosphate (BTMP) has a higher affinity to animal tissues than thiamine hydrochloride. To clarify the chronic toxicity in large doses of BTMP when for a long period, the rats were fed on a diet containing 1000 ppm of BTMP and sacrificed after one year. With this dose applied, no remarkable histological change was observed, suggesting that the chronic toxicity of BTMP is as low as that of thiamine hydrochloride.

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STUDIES ON THE DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN A IN THE PRESENCE OF NEOVITAMIN A

Shuntaro OGAWA, Tadashi KOBAYASHI

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 144-147
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_144

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Various procedures of vitamin A determination in the United States of Pharmacopeia XVI (=British Pharmacopeia, Addendum 1960), Japan Pharmacopeia VII, and Deutches Arzneibuch 3 Nachtrag were applied to mixtures containing pure all-trans vitamin A and pure neovitamin A without chromatographic separation. When these estimated values were compared with the calculated biological potencies by setting the biological potency of all-trans vitamin A as 100 and neovitamin A as 75.3,the procedure of USP XVI was found to give the most close values. Therefore, the procedure of USP XVI is the most desirable.

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HIGH MOLECULAR DERIVATIVES OF VITAMIN A

Tadao IDA, Shoji TAKAHASHI, Isamu UTSUMI

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 148-151
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_148

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Powdery polymers of vitamin A ester were synthesized by polymerizing acrylic and methacrylic ester of vitamin A under the presence of α, α'-azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as catalyst at 70℃ or of n-butyl lithium in hexane at -10〜-20℃. The polymer was not obtained when phenyl magnesium bromide was used as catalyst. Crotonic and undecylenic esters of vitamin A were not polymerized by the above methods. Powdery copolymers of vitamin A esters with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene or 2-vinyl-5-ethyl-pyridine were also synthesized by the same methods.

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METHANOLYSIS OF DIBENZOYLTHIAMINE : (I) FORMATION OF METHYL BENZOATE AND O-BENZOYLTHIAMINE FROM DIBENZOYLTHIAMINE

Chikataro KAWASAKI, Takatomo HORIO, Noriyoshi ENDO

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 152-155
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_152

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Dibenzoylthiamine (DBT) in methanol, when it is dissolved in 10mg% or 100mg% concentration and boiled for hours, is slowly decomposed into methyl benzoate (I), O-benzoyl-thiamine (II) and free thiamine to an extent of nearly 50% the complete methanolysis after 2 hour's boiling : (I) and (II) were detected in the solution by means of paper partition chromatography. (I) was distilled in vacuum from the reaction mixture and it was identified as benzoic acid after its saponification. Methanolysis of DBT is specific because other solvents such as ethanol, propanol, isobutanol and propylene glycol are incapable of similar alcoholysis of DBT. Ethylene glycol, however, can similarly decompose DBT, when the solution is kept at 65℃.

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THE GROWTH-STIMULATING ACTIVITY OF THIAMINE DERIVATIVES ON THIAMINE REQUIRING MICROORGANISMS : (IV) BENZENESULFONYL THIAMINE DERIVATIVES

Chikataro KAWASAKI, Chisae YAMADA, Tomio NAGAYAMA

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 156-158
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_156

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The growth-stimulating activity of benzenesulfonyl thiamine (I), benzenesulfonyl thiamine disulfide (II) and thiamine anhydride (III) was investigated aseptically on Kloeckera apiculata which requires thiamine for its growth. In comparison with thiamine, it was proved that (I) had 1/20,(II) had 1/100 and (III) had only 1/10,000 the potency. (I) and (II) showed to be inhibitory at the concentration of 1/4×10^<-3>M. Thiamine activity of (II) was interpreted as their hydrolysis in the broth ; when (II) was incubated in the thiamine free broth for 20 hours, thiamine disulfide was detected to an extent of 6.5% but only a trace of (I) was proved.

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FORMATION OF THIOCHROME : (VII) FORMATION OF THIOCHROME FROM THIOTHIAMINE BY CYANOGEN BROMIDE AND ITS CORRELATION TO pH VALUES

Takatomo HORIO

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 159-164
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_159

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Thiothiamine can be almost quantitatively converted into thiochrome, when it is reacted with cyanogen bromide at the pH ranges between 3 and 12. At the higher pH than 13 thiothiamine is kept unchanged because of decomposition of cyanogen bromide by strong alkalinity. Thiochrome is formed rather slowly at room temperature all over pH ranges, since both gradual decrease of absorbancy at 320mμ (absorption maximum for thiothiamine) and increase of that at 365mμ (for thiochrome) are observed parallelly during the progress of reaction. Thiothiamine in the mixture with thiamine can be converted into thiochrome when cyanogen bromide is added in acid solution of the mixture ; after standing for 1 hour at 30℃, excess of the cyanogen bromide can be eliminated either by aeration or by addition of Na_2S_2O_3. The thiochrome is extracted by butanol after its alkalization whereas thiamine is remained unchanged. Both thiotiamine and thiamine can be transformed to thiochrome by the cyanogen bromide procedure without elimination of excessive cyanogen bromide. Thus separate estimation of both compounds in biological materials has been made possible.

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ENZYMATIC STUDIES ON THIAMINASE II : (V) STEADY STATE OF THIAMINASE II CATALYSIS

Masuyuki KATSUMATA, Keiko TSUJIMOTO, Eiichi SAKAKIBARA

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 165-169
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_165

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Thiaminase II catalysis was analysed according to our rate-equations of the second-order enzymatic reaction. (1) Thiaminase II attacks pseudo-basic thiamine as well as that of quarternary ammonium type. (2) Thiaminase II catalysis proceeds through the cyclic steady state such as thiaminase II→ thiaminase II-OH^-→ thiamine-thiaminase II-OH^-→ thiamine-thiaminase II→ thiaminase II. The ternary complex, thiamine-thiaminase II-OH^- yields the products. (3) The enzyme-substrate complex of ammonium-type thiamine is more dissociable than that of pseudo-basic thiamine and is attacked in relatively higher substrate concentration. (4) The rate of the enzymatic reaction is remarkably affected by ionic strength of the medium. Addition of salt within 3×10^<-2>M makes the rate faster than original by promoting the formation of substrate-enzyme complex of ammonium-type thiamine. More addition of salt results in a decrease of the rate following to the Debye-Huckel's relation.

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Akio IWASHIMA, Masami HIRABAYASHI, Yoshihiro TOKUDA

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 170-173
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_170

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Thiamine biosynthesis from pyrimidine and thiazole moieties of thiamine by washed cells and cell extracts with sonification of several strains of Escherichia coli was investigated. E.coli ATCC 9637,70-17 and 26-43 which are thiamine requiring mutants derived from 9637,synthesized thiamine from OMP and Th, and the presence of OMP-kinase, Th-kinase and TMP synthetase that are involved in thiamine biosynthesis, was demonstrated. Only 70-23,strictly requires thiamine for its growth, failed to synthesize thiamine from OMP and Th, and no detectable OMP-kinase activity was found in the cell extract. The authors therefore supposed that thiamine requirement of this mutant based on the lack or decrease of OMP-kinase activity. strains 70-17 and 26-43,which were capable of growing in the presence of OMP or Th respectively, synthesized much more amount of thiamine than their parent strain both with washed cells and cell extracts.

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THE TRANSPORTATION OF LIPOIC ACID ACROSS THE INTESTINE IN VITRO TECHNIQUE

Tomoichi KUSUNOKI, Hidehiko KATO, Seizaburo KONISHI, Atsuo MIBU

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 174-178
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_174

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In order to study the mechanism for the transportation of lipoic acid, experiments were performed with the rat intestines by the use of Wilson's and Wiseman's methods. It was noticed that lipoic acid was not selectively transferred from mucosal to serosal side of the intestine, and 2,4-dinitrophenol had no effect on the rate of the lipoic acid transport, and after the transference lipoic acid did not have a significant chane in its chemical structure. The results of these investigations indicate that an active mechanism does not exist for the intestinal transportation of lipoic acid.

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PAPERCHROMATOGAPHIC SEPARATION AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF L-ASCORBIC AND D-ERYTHORBIC ACIDS ADDED TO FOODS : (II) STUDIES ON THE CURVE OF REMAINING RATIO

Hideki SAWAI, Kazumasa MINE, Kimiko ITO, Koji SATO, Masataka YAMAZAKI, ...

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 179-184
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_179

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The paperchromatographic method for the separation and determination of ascorbic and erythorbic acids in foods gives the values for several foods not consistent with those by noritehydrazine method, in spite of the correction by remaining ratio. The cause of difference was found to be in drying time during which the ascorbic or erythorbic acids are somewhat oxidized. In order to obtain more acurate results by paperchromatographic method, the curve of remaining ratio for each drying time must be applied for the correction.

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PAPERCHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION AND GUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF L-ASCORBIC AND D-ERYTHORBIC ACIDS ADDED TO FOODS : (III) STUDIES ON PREVENTION OF THE OXIDATION OF L-ASCORBIC AND D-ERYTHORBIC ACIDS DURING SPOTTING AND DEVELOPING

Hideki SAWAI, Kazumasa MINE, Kimiko ITO, Koji SATO, Masataka YAMAZAKI, ...

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 185-190
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_185

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In order to avoid the troublesome correction by the curve of remaining ratio against each drying times, the effect of drying time and of developing solvents were studied. The satisfactory results are obtained in the drying by vacuum high frequency induction heating and the use of acetonitrile・acetone・10%metaphosphoric acid as developing solvent and correction is made constantly +5% for ascorbic and erythorbic acids. In this procedure, the error was within ±5%

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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 191-
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_191_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 191-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_191_2

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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 191-192
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_191_3

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 192-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_192_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 192-193
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_192_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 193-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_193_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 194-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_194_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 194-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_194_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 194-195
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_194_3

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 195-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_195_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 195-196
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_195_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 196-
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_196_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 196-198
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_196_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 198-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_198_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 198-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_198_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 198-199
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_198_3

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 199-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_199_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 199-200
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_199_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 200-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_200_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 200-201
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_200_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 201-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_201_1

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 201-202
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_201_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 202-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_202_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 202-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_202_2

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 202-203
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_202_3

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 203-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_203_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 203-
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_203_2

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 204-205
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_204

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 205-
Published: August 25, 1963
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_205_1

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Article type: Article
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 205-206
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_205_2

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Article type: Appendix
1963Volume 28Issue 2 Pages 208-
Published: August 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.28.2_208_5

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