VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 45, Issue 1

Displaying 1-39 of 39 articles from this issue

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Tissue Serotonin Levels in the Thiamine Deficient or Thiamine Treated Rats

Mieko KIMURA, Hitoshi IKEDA, Yoshinori ITOKAWA, Chikako TANAKA

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_1

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In order to clarify the relationship between thiamine and serotonin in animal bodies, tissue serotonin and thiamine levels in the thiamine deficient and the thiamine treated rats were determined. Following thiamine administration (10mg/kg) tissue serotonin levels increased in proportion to the increase in thiamine levels. Contrastly, serotonin levels in liver, stomach and duodenum were lowered and the brain serotonin level was increased in the thiamine deficient rats. Utilizing labeled 5HTP a precursor of serotonin for experiments, it was demonstrated that the uptake of 5HTP into tissues decreased markedly in thiamine deficient rats.

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Separation of Fat-soluble Vitamins by Gel Filtration (IX) BEHAVIOR OF VITAMIN A DEGRADATION PRODUCTS AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN GEL FILTRATION

Takeo UEDA, Atsushi TAKADA, Fumio UEDA, Teruo MAKINO, Keiko TAKAOKA

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 6-9
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_6

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The behavior of vitamin A related compounds such as anhydrovitamin A and 5,8-monoepoxyvitamin A alcohol and antioxidants used as food additives in gel filtration through the column of Sephadex LH-20 using chloroform as the eluting solvent was examined. Then the values of the partition coefficient K_D of these compounds were determined. As reported in Vitamins 40,309 (1969), it was observed that the linear correlation between the molecular weight and the logarithm of K_D was present and the compounds containing hydroxyl groups, except BHT, were retarded on elution to the corresponding compounds having approximately similar molecular weight.

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Thiamine Metabolism in the Experimental Magnesium Deficient Rat (I) EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY ON GROWTH, LEVELS OF MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM AND THIAMINE IN TISSUES.

Yoshinori ITOKAWA, Kikuko INOUE, Yasuko NATORI

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 10-15
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_10

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To clarify the effect of magnesium deficiency on thiamine metabolism, Wistar strain rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 was given a thiamine deficient and magnesium deficient diet, group 2 a thiamine deficient and magnesium sufficient diet, group 3 a thiamine adequate and magnesium deficient diet, group 4 a thiamine adequate-magnesium sufficient diet (control), group 5 a thiamine excess (10 times of the amount of thiamine in the control diet) were added and magnesium deficient diet, and an excess thiamine and magnesium sufficient diet was given to the sixth group. These dietary regimens were performed for 4 weeks. Thiamine deficient-magnesium deficient and thiamine deficient diet caused the most severe growth depression and magnesium deficient diet caused moderately growth depression to the animals. Animals fed a thiamine containing magnesium deficient diet (group 3 and 5) produced erythema in ear and nose after three weeks of these dietary regimens. Plasma and bone magnesium was decreased in magnesium deficient groups. This decrease, however, was lower in thiamine deficient-magnesium deficient group than thiamine supplemented-magnesium deficient groups. Thiamine content in liver, kidney or sciatic nerve in magnesium deficient rats was lower than that in magnesium sufficient rats. On the other hand, no decrease of thiamine was detected in central nervous tissues of magnesium deficient rats. Ratio of free thiamine to total thiamine in brain and liver revealed no difference among the groups.

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Biosynthesis of Pyridoxine-β-galactoside by β-Galactosidase from Escherichia coli

Yukio SUZUKI, Kei UCHIDA

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 16-21
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_16

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It was found by paper chromatography that two new derivatives of pyridoxine were formed in the incubation mixture containing crystalline β-galactosidase from Escherichia coli, o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside and pyridoxine. These derivatives were isolated as powdered preparations and assumed to be pyridoxine 4'-β-galactoside and a small amount of pyridoxine 5'-β-galactoside, respectively, from various data, viz., R_F values, absorption spectra at acidic, neutral and alkaline pH, products by acid hydrolysis and by hydrolysis with glycosidases, behaviour to Gibbs' test and absorption spectra in saturated boric acid solution. It was also observed that β-galactosidase synthesized galactosides of several vitamin B_6 derivatives.

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The Decarboxylation of Pyruvate (1) PURIFICATION AND SOME ENZYMIC PROPERTIES OF BAKER'S AND BREWER'S YEAST PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE

Tatsuo OZAWA, Yoshimoto SATOU, Isao TOMITA

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 22-29
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_22

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Baker's or brewer's yeast pyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1) was purified and separated from the cofactors according to the procedures of Ullrich, Wittof, Gubler^<4)> and Morey, Juni.^<6)> Both of enzymes showed maximum activities at pH 6.2 in the presence of TPP and divalent metal ions. Baker's yeast apo-pyruvate decarboxylase was activated by Mn^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, Ca^<2+>, in the ratios of 4 : 2 : 1 while brewer's yeast apoenzyme was in those of 9 : 3 : 1. Mg^<2+>, Ca^<2+> bound to 1 mole of enzyme was found to be about 0.8 moles. The activities of 1 mole enzyme was almost completely lost in the presence of 2 or 5 moles of PCMB or BrCN respectively and approximately 40% of its activities was lost with 5 moles of DTNB. The formation of CO_2,CH_3CHO and acetoin were all inhibited with PCMB to the same extent and the interaction between enzyme bound TPP and PCMB seems to be responsible for the above inhibitions.

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Studies on Vitamin B_6 (III) INCORPORATION OF PYRIDOXAL AND ITS DERIVATIVES INTO RABBIT RED BLOOD CELLS

Keiichi KOHNO, Isamu DAIRA, Hiroshi OTSUBO, Toshio WATANABE, Isamu UTS ...

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 30-35
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_30

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Incorporation of pyridoxal (PAL), and its Schiff bases, oximes or 5'-acylates into red blood cells was investigated in vitro. Both influx and efflux of PAL were found to be followed by a first order kinetics, and free aldehyde group in PAL structure was essential to its rapid penetration into the cells. It was also suggested that PAL 5'-acylates (PAL 5'-n-butyrate, PAL 5'-isobutyrate, PAL 5'-benzoate) are mostly adsorbed on the cell membrane. From these findings, process of incorporation of PAL or its derivatives and their affinity to cell membrane are discussed.

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Biosynthetic Pathway of Thiamine Phosphates in Escherichia coli : SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE TMP-REQUIRING MUTANT AND THE TDP-REQUIRING MUTANT OF E. COLI

Hideo NAKAYAMA, Ryoji HAYASHI

Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 36-43
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_36

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In the previous report we have presented evidence which indicates that in E. coli the free form of thiamine is not involved in de novo synthesis of TPP, but TMP is directly phosphorylated to form TPP and that exogenous thiamine is converted to TPP via the intermediate formation of TMP. Further experiments including the growth responses and TDP-forming abilities of both TMP- and TDP-requiring mutants have been carried out. These results have reaffirmed the previous conclusions.

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 44-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_44_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 44-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_44_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 44-45
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_44_3

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 45-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_45_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 45-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_45_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 45-46
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_45_3

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 46-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_46

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 47-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_47_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 47-48
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_47_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 49-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_49_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 49-50
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_49_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 50-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_50_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 50-51
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_50_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 52-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_52_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 52-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_52_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 52-53
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_52_3

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 53-54
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_53

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 54-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_54_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 54-55
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_54_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 55-56
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_55

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 56-57
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_56

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 57-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_57_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 57-58
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_57_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 58-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_58

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 59-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_59_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 59-60
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_59_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 60-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_60_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 60-61
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_60_2

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 61-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_61

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 62-63
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_62

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 63-
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_63_1

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Article type: Article
1972 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 63-64
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.45.1_63_2

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