VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 36, Issue 3
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
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  • STUDIES ON THE UPTAKE OF VITAMIN B_<12> BY THE CELL OF LACTOBACILLUS LEICHMANNII
    Tsuneo KINOSHITA
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 197-204
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_197
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    This study aimed at elucidating information concerning the conditions under which the cell of Lactobacillus leichmannii #4797 takes up vitamin B_<12> in its resting state. Such information might help understand the chemical reaction involved in the combination of intrinsic factor and B_<12> as well as a situation in the intestinal lumen where some flora compete with the mucosa for B_<12>. Vitamin B_<12>-^<60>Co was mixed with resting cells or cell walls prepared by breaking up the cells, under various conditions and the uptake of B_<12> was measured in the precipitated cells or cell walls. The uptake of B_<12> by this strain is specific in comparison with other lactobacilli which do not require B_<12> for the growth. The uptake reaction was little affected by temperature and was quite fast, inhibited by high concentrations of salts. There seems to be a certain equilibrium between the amounts of the cell and B_<12>. The reaction was not influenced by Tween 80 or trypsin digestion, but was inhibited by amylase, lipase, heat and formaldehyde. The surface binding reaction seems to be a nonenzymatic physical adsorption involving an ionic combination of B_<12> with a surface structure.
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  • STUDIES ON FLUOROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THIAMINE WITH CUPROUS ION : (I) QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THIAMINE
    Yasuhiro YAMANE, Koko MOTOMIYA, Yoko YAMADA
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 205-208
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_205
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    The previous paper has shown that the red-fluorescent product was formed by reaction of thiolized thiamine with cupric ion, and it could be applied to the spot test on a filter paper of thiamine. In this paper, cuprous ion was compared with cupric ion in the above spot test. As a result, the sensitivity of the reaction by cuprous ion could be rised about 10 times, that is, 3μg/drop in the previous method (Cu^<2+>) but 0.25μg/drop in this method(Cu^+). Cuprous ion reagent was obtained by reduction of cupric ion with hydroxylamine and adjusted at pH 7.1 to 7.3. The reaction product from thiolized thiamine and cuprous ion was soluble in organic solvents, such as n-butanol or iso-amylalcohol, and showed the stable red flurescence. Therefore, the extraction method for the detection of thiamine was also examined. The limit of identification by this method was 5μg/ml. This reaction was interfered with Hg^<2+>, S-containing compound or riboflavin.
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  • TURNOVER OF RIBOFLAVIN IN HIGHER ANIMALS
    Kunio YAGI, Okiie TERADA, Misao KOBAYASHI, Jun OKUDA
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 209-211
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_209
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    Turnover of riboflavin in the liver of mouse was studied. When 80μg of riboflavin-^<14>C was administered orally to a mouse for a day, the exchange of non-labeled flavins originally existed in the liver for the administered one was almost completed in 15 days. By increasing the amount of administered riboflavin-^<14>C, a rapid exchange of flavin in the liver was attained. The decreasing of the amount of dietary protein did not change the exchange rate. After the flavin in the liver of mouse was completely exchanged for the labeld one, non-labeled riboflavin (80μg/day/mouse) was administered, the biological half life of flavin was found at 7-8 days after the administration of non-labeled riboflavin, whereas it was prolonged markedly when non-labeled riboflavin was not administered.
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  • STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE : (I) ITS SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
    Akira KOTAKI, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 212-216
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_212
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    Riboflavin-2', 3', 4', 5'-tetranicotinate (mp. 147〜150℃) was synthesized by direct acylation of riboflavin with nicotinyl chloride and its chemical and physical properties were reported. Molar extinction coefficients of its benzene solution at 344,445 and 471 mμ were determined to be 8.5×10^3,12.5×10^3 and 9.7×10^3cm^<-1>M^<-1>, respectively. Emission maximum of the solution, when excited at 365 mμ, was found at 540 mμ. This compound was found to be soluble in various organic solvents, such as benzene, chloroform, alcohols, ketones, esters including triglycerides, dioxane, and so on. However, its solubility in water (at neutral pH) was somewhat less than that of riboflavin. It showed considerable resistance to photo-decomposition at neutral pH, compared with riboflavin.
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  • STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE : (II) VITAMIN B_2 ACTION
    Misao KOBAYASHI, Akira KOTAKI, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 217-220
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_217
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    Vitamin action of riboflavin-2', 3', 4', 5'-tetranicotinate (B_2-Nic) was examined by using male albino rats. As a result, it was found that this compound possesses vitamin effect on rats, although its effect was somewhat lower than that of free riboflavin. This compound was also found to be somewhat inferior to free riboflavin in maintaining the hepatic and renal flavin levels. However, by increasing the dose of its administration, flavin levels of these organs can be elevated. It is suggested that the conversion form B_2-Nic to riboflavin in animal body is a rate-limiting step for the utilization of the riboflavin moiety of B_2-Nic.
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  • STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE : (III) CHANGES IN RIBOFLAVIN CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD AND IN URINE AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE
    Keiichi KATOH
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 221-224
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_221
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    Changes in riboflavin concentration in blood and in urine of animals after the administration of riboflavin-2', 3', 4', 5'-tetranicotinate (B_2-Nic) were reported in reference ot those of animals after the administration of free riboflavin. The rate of excretion of riboflavin into urine of animals administered with B_2-Nic was found to be considerably lower than that of animals administered with free riboflavin, suggesting that B_2-Nic was more accumulative in living body than free riboflavin. Moreover, it was found that B_2-Nic was superior to free riboflavin in keeping riboflavin level higher than the normal for a long time. It is, therefore, suggested that this compound could be beneficially used as deposit-type of riboflavin.
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  • STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE : (IV) ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY TEST
    Torao SAKURAI, Akira KOTAKI, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 225-230
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_225
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    In acute toxicity test of riboflavin-tetranicotinate, mice and rats were administered orally with 1.0 g/kg body weight and 5.0 g/kg body weight of this compound, respectively, but no death was found after 72 hours of administration. No difference was found in appearance and in appetite, between animals tested and those of control. Chronic toxicity of this compound was examined using male albino rats of Wistar strain as test animals. They were administered compulsorily with 230 mg/day/kg body weight of this compound. The body weight gains of the rats tested were the same with those of control rats. After 6 months' feeding, the measurement of weight of each organ, hematological examination on blood, and histological investigation on organs and tissues were performed. No difference was found between rats fed on riboflavin-tetranicotinate and those of control, indicating that this compound has no chronic toxicity up to the dose of 230 mg/day/kg.
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  • STUDIES ON MYOINOSITOL : (VIII) EFFECT OF MYOINOSITOL ON THE CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM OF RATS SUFFERING FROM EXPERIMENTAL FATTY LIVER
    Akira KOTAKI, Torao SAKURAI, Misao KOBAYASHI, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 231-236
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_231
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    The administration of a fat-free, low protein diet with no B-vitamin supplement to albino rats for 3 weeks resulted in marked fatty livers. When these depleted rats suffering from fatty liver were treated with only B-vitamins for a week, liver fat and cholesterol were greatly increased. Such a type of fatty liver, however, was partly cured by administrating, besides B-vitamins, either choline or myoinositol, and almost completely by administrating both of them. A considerable delay was found in the movement of cholesterol from fatty liver to adipose tissues, when compared with that from liver cured by administration of myoinositol. This may be ascribed to an occurrence of an inhibitory mechanism on cholesterol transport in fatty liver.
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  • INFLUENCES OF ELEVATION OF THE INTRA-OCULAR PRESSURE ON THIAMINE CONTENTS IN THE OCULAR TISSUES
    Ryoji ASAYAMA, Sachiko HAMADA
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 237-240
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_237
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    The intra-ocular pressure of the rabbits was maintained for one hour at 150,140,130,110,90,70,and 56mmHg with a leveling manometer and the concentration of total thiamine, free thiamine and thiamine phosphate in the retina and the optic nerve was measured. The concentration of total thiamine and its phosphate in the retina decreased with the elevation of the intra-ocular pressure over 90mmHg. When the intra-ocular pressure persisted at 150mmHg for 2.5 hours, contents of thiamine phosphate in the retina decreased further than when the elevation persisted for one hour. When the duration of the elevation of the intra-ocular pressure at 150mmHg was limited to one hour, the decrease of the total thiamine and its phosphate in the retina proved to be reversible by the normalizing of the intra-ocular pressure. But when the elevation of the intra-ocular pressure at 150mmHg persisted for 2.5 hours, decreased contents of the total thiamine and its phosphate were not reversed even when the intra-ocular pressure returned to normal. The intra-ocular pressure was maintained at 30,56,and 150mmHg with a manometer. One hour after an intravenous injection of thiamine propyldisulfide 10mg per kg, the concentration of total thiamine, free thiamine and thiamine phosphate in the ocular tissues was measured. The concentration of all types of thiamine in the retina and the choroid almost decreased when the intra-ocular pressure became higher than 56mmHg, as compared with the concentration in these tissues of normal intra-ocular pressure one hour after an intravenous injection of thiamine propyldisulfide 10mg per kg, and these decreases became greater with the elevation of the intra-ocular pressure.
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  • STABILIZATION OF VITAMIN C BY PHYTIC ACID AND ITS SALTS : (II) STABILIZATION OF VITAMIN C BY DICALCIUM PHYTATE
    Soichi NIWA, Yoshiro JIMBO, Ryoichi KATAYAMA, Nobu KATAYAMA, Iku HATTO ...
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 241-242
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_241
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    Ascorbic acid solution was heated at 37℃ for 1 hour in the presence of Cu^<2+>, Fe^<2+>, Mn^<2+> and Zn^<2+> ions. Amounts of ascorbic acid remained after heating at pH 6.0 with 0.5% phytate, were 63.2,65.6 and 66.7% in the presence of Cu^<2+>, Fe^<2+>, plus Mn^<2+> and Zn^<2+>, respectively ; however without phytate the recoveries of ascorbic acid were 45.7,47.7 and 48.0%, respectively. In contrast to the experiment at pH 6.0,the protection of ascorbic acid was not observed at pH 3.0. From these results it is concluded that phytate inhibits the effect of metal ions on oxidative degradation of ascorbic acid only at neutral pH.
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  • WHOLE BODY MACROAUTORADIOGRAMS OF THIAMINE TETRAHYDROFURFURYLDISULFIDE-^<35>S AND THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE-^<35>S IN MICE WITH SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION
    Chentung CHEN
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 243-251
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_243
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    Uptake of thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryldisulfide-^<35>S(TTFD-^<35>S) and thiamine hydrochloride-^<35>S in mice with subcutaneous injection has been comparatively studied by whole body macroautoradiographic technique. The uptake of TTFD-^<35>S in organs such as liver, heart, kidney, lung, spleen, adrenals, eyes, testes, muscle, stomach, bowel and brain, etc. was more prominent than that of thiamine-^<35>S and the former remained for a longer time. Besides the uptake in various organs the cartilage and bony tissue, brown adipose tissue, skin, nasal and oral mucosa also showed uptake of TTFD-^<35>S and thiamine-^<35>S.
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  • AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN K_1 ADMINISTRATION ON THE FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTION
    Takeshi YOSHIDA
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 252-262
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_252
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    The author studied the influence of vitamin K_1 administration on the growth, sexual cycle and pregnancy of the Wistar strain female rats and made research for the morphological changes of the anterior pituitary glands, ovaries and uteri of the animals following K_1 administration. Relative small dosis of K_1 (100μg×20 days) stimulated the growth and sexual cycle in slight degree. And in the anterior pituitary glands, an increase of the acidophilic cells was observed. Hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex, slight increase of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum, hypertrophy of the endometrium and the myometrium were also noted. The same dosis administration of K_1 during pregnancy gave a favorable influence on the growth of both fetus and new-born to some extent. Parallel to the increase of the dosis (1-10mg×20 days) a slight supression of the growth and the sexual cycle of the animals. Increase of basophilic β cells with a certain degree of hypertrophy, and simultaneous decrease of acidophilic cells in the anterior pituitary glands, atrophy of the deeper layer of adrenal cortex, decrease of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum, and atrophy of the uteri became evident. Tendency for premature birth was observed after large dose administration.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE DERIVATIVES : (V) REVERTION OF THIAMINE DISULFIDE DERIVATIVES TO THIAMINE BY THE HOMOGENATES OF SEVERAL RAT ORGANS
    Toshio AMMO, Mitsunori WASHITAKE, Tatsuo KURASHIGE, Masami NEMOTO, Yuh ...
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 263-275
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_263
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    The stability of various O-acylthiamine disulfide derivatives in the homogenates of several rat organs, i.e. intestinal mucous membrane, liver, blood corpuscle and blood serum, was investigated. All of homogenates proved to have the both abilities for release of acyl group and cleavage of S-S linkage, while the both potencies did not run parallel. The deacylation was most marked in intestinal mucous membrane, liver and serum, while the cleavage of S-S was the strongest in blood corpuscle. The deacylation was more rapid in the compound having higher carbon atoms and was more easy in straight chain than branched one.
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  • TRIVIAL NAMES OF TOCOPHEROLS
    Goichiro KATSUI
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 276-278
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_276
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 279-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_279_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 279-280
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_279_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 280-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_280_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 280-281
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_280_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 281-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_281_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 281-282
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_281_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 282-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_282_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 282-283
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_282_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 283-284
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_283
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 284-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_284_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 284-285
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_284_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 285-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_285_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 285-286
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_285_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 286-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_286_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 286-287
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_286_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 287-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_287_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 287-288
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_287_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 288-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_288_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 288-
    Published: September 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.3_288_2
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