VITAMINS

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The blood vitamins levels, objective symptoms and pathological findings were observed in dogs following the intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) after 4 weeks with two kinds of multivitamin injections, NK-041 (trial preparation) and MVI (commercial preparation), and they were compared with those of untreated dogs. The following results were obtained. 1. Eight dogs were divided into 3 groups, control group (no vitamins administered), NK-041 administered group and MVI administered group. Two of the three dogs of the control group died during IVH feeding. Their death was thought to be mainly caused by vitamin B_1 deficiency. On the other hand, the dogs of the two vitamin treated groups were healthy and active through this experiment. 2. Pathological studies showed abnormalities in the liver of the control group, but no abnormalities were found in the two treated groups. 3. Four vitamins (vitamin B_<12>, folic acid, biotin and vitamin K_1) are contained in NK-041, but not contained in MVI. Blood levels of vitamin B_<12> and folic acid were higher in NK-041 group than those in MVI group. The hepatic levels of vitamin B_<12>, folic acid and biotin were higher in NK-041 group than those in MVI group. 4. The results of vitamins levels in blood suggest that the vitamin contents of NK-041 were suitable and satisfactory.

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Biological half-lives (t1/2) of vitamins were calculated by fitting a one- or a two- compartment model after a singe rapid intravenous administration of a multivitamin injection (NK-041) to dogs. The following results were obtained. 1. Half-lives (t1/2) of water soluble vitamins (vitamin B_1, B_2, B_6, B_<12>, C, folic acid and biotin) were short, about 2〜10 minutes, in α-phase and wide ranging, 13 minutes〜5 hours, in β-phase. On the other hand, the half-lives (t1/2) of pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid were 3.99 and 5.67 hours, respectively, which were relatively long among the vitamins tested. 2. The half-life (t1/2) of vitamin A palmitate was the longest, about 26 hours, and the values for vitamin K_1 and E (tocopheryl acetate) were 1.66 and 1.24 hours, respectively. On the other hand, the half-life (t1/2) of vitamin D_2 was short, 16 minutes. Vitamin D_2 might be metabolized rapidly into its 25- hydroxy derivative. However, this metabolite could not be detected in the blood within 240 minutes.

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The effect of CoQ_<10> on myocardial injuries induced by isoproterenol (ISP) s.c. was investigated in rats and dogs. Rats were given ISP (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg・day), and CoQ_<10> (20 or 40 mg/kg・day) for 28 days. Alteration in electrocardiograms (ECG) patterns for 28 days and the pathologic findings showed endocardial ishemia and necrosis of scattered areas, while no significant changes in plasma LDH, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), GOT and GPT levels were observed. CoQ_<10> decreased the lesions areas induced by 0.1 mg/kg ISP. But unlike those of the rats, the findings in dogs given ISP (0.5 mg/kg・day) for 21 days showed that heart injury did not develop in proportion to the times of ISP given. CoQ_<10> (12, 24 mg/kg・day for 21 days p.o.) improved the heart injuries induced by ISP in dogs, in terms of ECG patterns, plasma LDH, CPK, GOT, GPT levels and the pathologic findings at the last day.

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