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Volume 28 (1963)
- Issue 6 Pages 465-
- Issue 5 Pages 347-
- Issue 4 Pages 267-
- Issue 3 Pages 211-
- Issue 2 Pages 129-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 28, Issue 4
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
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Yoshimori OMOTEArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 267-274
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe chemical structure of kitol was proposed, and the thermal decomposition of kitol into vitamin A and pseudo kitol was clearly explained. The biogenesis and stereochemistry of kitol was also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (896K) -
Shuji HASHIMOTO, Hisatoshi MURAOKA, Masayuki ODASHIROArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 275-278
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of pyrimidine nucleosides, uridine and cytidine (10 mg/kg/day), upon toxic fatty liver of rats induced by repeated administrations of CCl_4,controlling the decrease of phospholipid, choline esterase activity and iodine number of fatty acids in lipids, increase of neutral lipid and change of cholesterol ester ratio in liver, and thus reducing the fatty degeneration of liver, were observed. The mechanism of such actions will be discussed in the next paper in connection with the influences of these nucleosides upon other aspects of metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (475K) -
Shuji HASHIMOTO, Masao TSUNENARI, Minoru HIDAKA, Kin-ichi SAKODAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 279-285
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of pyrimidine nucleosides upon chronic liver damage of rats induced by repeated administration of CCl_4 were observed. Administration of daily 10mg/kg of uridine or cytidine inhibits the increase of liver hexosamine and collagen and reduces te decrease of protein, copper-protein (p-phenylenediamine oxidase activity) and ornithine carbamyl transferase activity in liver, and thus prevents the liver cell necrosis and fibrosis. Histological findings, such as vacuolar degeneration of liver cells, central necrosis of liver lobule, cell infiltration, proliferation of connective tissue and collagen fibres, were also observed being reduced by the treatment with these nucleosides. Electron-microscopically, cytidine prevents the decrease of Palade granule of endoplasmic reticulum in damaged liver cells. Considering the fact that the decrease of uracil nucleotides and the disturbance of de novo synthesis of pyrimidines are observed in chronically damaged liver, it is possible to assume that uridine and cytidine, being incorporated into nucleotides, are utilized as nucleotide coenzymes and as nucleic acid precursors, and thus controlling metabolic abnormalities in damaged liver, act effective upon fatty degene-ration and cirrhotic process of the liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (2026K) -
INHIBITION OF UREASE BY DISULFIDE COMPOUNDS : (III) INHIBITION OF UREASE BY THIAMINE DERIVATIVES (2)Chikataro KAWASAKI, Kyoichi KOBASHIArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 286-289
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThiamine propyl disulfide (I) and its homologuss having benzyl (II), hydroxyethyl (III), tetrahydrofurfuryl (IV) and 8-(methyl 6-acetyldihydrothioctate)(V), as alkylmercapto radicals, were found to be more potent inhibitors to urease than thiamine-disulfide (VI), when these compounds were preincubated with urease at the pH range higher than 8. The inhibition was highest with (II) and in decending orders of (V), (III), (IV) and (I), but the inhibition by (I) was much higher than that by (VI). These inhibitions were shown to be progressive with duration of preincubation and easily recovered or prevented by addition of an excess of cysteine. S-allylmercapto- or S-propylmercapto-L-cysteine was proved to be an inhibitor, weaker than (I) but stronger than (VI). Other disulfide compounds such as cystine, lipoic acid and oxidized forms of glutathione and thioglycollic acid showed no inhibition to urease after the preincubation with these compounds. Asymmetric thiamine disulfide compounds can react with active mercapto groups of the enzyme molecule, resulting in a presumed inactive S-alkylmer-capto-urease compound.View full abstractDownload PDF (463K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Chisae YAMADAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 290-294
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEach of modified thiamine compounds ; thiamine-disulfide (I), thiamine propyl (II), tetrahydrofurfuryl (III) and 8-(methyl-6-acetyldihydrothioctate)(IV) disulfides, O-benzoylthiamine disulfide (V), diacetylthiamine (VI), dibenzoylthiamine (VII), S-benzoylthiamine monophosphate (VIII) and dicarboethoxythiamine (IX) was aseptically added to the broth for L. fermenti or Kl. apiculata. The growth-responses of both microorganisms after incubation for 20 or 18 hours were shown in Table 1. Kl. apiculata showed equal or a little stronger response to modified thiamine compounds having free OH in the thiazole moiety, than that to thiamine. Kl. apiculata can respond to O, S-disubstituted compounds, showing one-tenth to one-fifth the growth with compared to thiamine, while L. fermenti can not respond to modified compounds, unless cysteine is present in the broth. Even at the presence of cysteine, (VII), (IX), (V) and (VI) were incapable or very weak in stimulating the growth. L. fermenti seems to be lacking enzyme systems to convert modified compounds to thiamine but Kl. apiculata can utilize all the modified thiamine compounds except S-alkylthiamines as indicated in Table 2.View full abstractDownload PDF (566K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Eiichi HIRAOKA, Takamitsu SHIMAMOTOArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 295-298
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbethoxythiamine (I), carbobutoxythiamine (II) and dicarbethoxythiamine (III) were proved to have no growth-stimulating activity to L. fermenti in the broth without cysteine, but in the broth containing cysteine, (I) or (II) showed an activity less than 1/10 and (III) showed an activity less than 1/100 in comparison with that of thiamine-HCl. It was shown that (I) was more effective than thiamine in stimulating the growth of Kl. apiculata, while (II) was a little inferior and (III) was more inferior to thiamine after incubation for 20 hours. After incubation for 60 hours, the growth response to (I) or (II) was better than that to thiamine and the rssponse to (III) was nearly same as that fo thiamine. It was demonstrated by means of bioautography of the extract from Kl. apiculata after incubation with (I) for 20 hours that the cells contained thiamine or its diphosphate but not (I).View full abstractDownload PDF (418K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Sumio SHINODAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 299-304
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbethoxythiamine (I) and carbobutoxythiamine (II) were both more absorbed by cells of Kloeckera apiculata than dicarbethoxythiamine (III), when an equimolar amount of each compound was incubated with a suspension of Kloeckera cells in saline. Thiamine-HCl was almost completely absorbed by Kloeckera cells on the same condition but it was not absorbed by heat-sterilized cells, while (I), (II) or (III) showed better absorption to sterilized cells than thiamine-HCl. (I) was always more active in stimulating the growth of Kloeckera. This was proved not only by comparison of optical densities of the brothes but also by that of dry weights and nitrogen contents of the cells after incubation although the thiamine content of Kloeckera cells corresponding to (I) was not proved to be higher than that to thiamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (618K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Tomio NAGAYAMAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 305-309
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiacetylthiamine (DAT) was proved to be nearly same as thiamine in stimulating the growth of Kloeckera apiculata but only one-hundredth the activity of thiamine for the growth of Lactobacillus fermenti in the broth containing cysteine. When DAT was preincubated in the broth for 24 hours, it showed one-tenth the activity of thiamine for Lactobacillus fermenti. When a suspension of Kloeckera cells in saline was inculbated for 1 hour at 30℃, a major portion of DAT was found as thiamine in the cells. DAT was not detected in the cells by either chemical estimation or bioautography of the extract of the cells. The growth response to DAT seemed to be stimulation by the thiamine quickly released from DAT.View full abstractDownload PDF (542K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Isao TOMITA, Sumio SHINODAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 310-313
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPenetration of thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD) or thiothiamine (SB_1) into bovine erythrocytes was investigated upon their suspension in physiological saline solution. TPD was quickly absorbed by erythrocytes and the thiamine level in erythrocytes was either kept unchanged for 24 hours or not washed out by repeated shaking with saline solutions. SB_1 was found almost equally in erythrocytes and the supernatant, after incubation for one hour. SB_1 in erythrocytes was partly washed out by shaking with saline solution, as SB_1 existed as itself in the erythrocytes. TPD, when penetrated into blood cells, was reduced to thiamine which was no more washed out by saline solution. Only one spot of thiamine was demonstrated in hemolysate of the erythrocytes by means of paperchromatography.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
Tadakatsu KATO, Toshio TAKAHASHI, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Saburo FUKUI, Chika ...Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 314-320
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the preceding paper, transformation of exogenously added cyanocobalamin to DBCC was observed during thermophilic methane fermentation and the yield of DBCC in the bacterial cells was about 20% of the amount of cyanocobalamin supplied. This paper deals with vitamin B_<12> and related compounds in the cultural filtrate. Vitamin B_<12>-active substances in the filtrate were adsorbed on active charcoal, eluted with 80% ethanol and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography after usual phenol treatment. The fractions were eluted successively with water (tentatively named DS-1), 0.1 N acetate buffer (pH 4.7)(DS-2), and 0.1 M NaCl-acetone mixture and studied by paper ionophoresis, absoprtion spectroscopy and coenzyme activity in Abeles・Lee's system. In fraction DS-1,the presence of small amount of DBCC together with hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin was observed. In addition to these known forms of vitamin B_<12>, an unidentified yellow substance was detected, but detailed studies were not performed. In fraction DS-2,another unidentified yellow substance, slightly moved to cathode side in paper ionophoresis in 0.5 N acetic acid, was detected. Its yellow color changed to red by light irradiation. Though the lability in light is analogous to cobamide coenzyme, fraction DS-2 did not show coenzyme activity in Abeles・Lee's system.View full abstractDownload PDF (811K) -
Yoshitsugu NOSE, Shin-ichiro KAWASHIMA, Jun-itsu SAITOArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 321-325
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNo difference between the blood lipoic acid level of rabbit after oral administration of TATD and lipoic acid was found, differing from thiamine level in the blood. On the other hand, the intravenous injection of TATD to rabbit or man caused the higher lipoic acid level in blood compared with the injection of lipoic acid. This high level of lipoic acid was maintained for 4 hours after injection, while the lipoic acid in blood after injection of lipoic acid reduced to normal value after 1 hour. This lipoic acid level elevated by the intravenous injection was ascribed to prominent distribution in blood plasma in contrast with the small amount in erythrocytes. By separation of plasma protein with perchloric acid treatment it was found that the lipoic acid in blood plasma was combined with the protein precipitate.View full abstractDownload PDF (633K) -
Yoshitsugu NOSE, Jun-itsu SAITO, Shin-ichiro KAWASHIMAArticle type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 326-332
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the finding that the injected TATD into vein binds well with plasma protein, in vitro metabolism of TATD in human blood was investigated by using paper partition chromatography, bioautography and actigraphy. On incubation of TATD with whole blood or blood plasma, It was easily reduced to thiamine and lipoic acid moiety. The latter was further hydrolysed and produced lipoic acid. One part of TATD in blood was found as a bound form of lipoic acid with plasma protein. A free lipoic acid was liberated from the lipoic acid protein complex, which was separated by ethanol or perchloric acid precipitation procedure, with alkaline treatment or thiol compound treatment. The complex formation is supposed to be produced by disulfide exchange reaction of TATD with thiol groups of protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (851K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 333-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (164K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 334-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (179K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 334-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (179K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 334-335
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (336K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 335-336
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (351K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 336-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (191K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 336-337
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (348K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 337-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (206K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 337-338
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (357K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 338-339
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (351K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 339-340
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (332K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 340-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (181K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 340-341
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (336K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 341-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (202K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 342-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (193K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 342-343
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (353K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 343-
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (212K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1963 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 343-344
Published: October 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (312K)
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