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Volume 84, Issue 11
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 509-
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Aya Araki, Hiroko Hirashima, Mami Kurumata, Shun HamadaArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 510-516
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn acute deficiency of thiamin in animals generally leads to focal brain lesions characterized by necrosis and petechial hemorrhage in particular brain regions. In humans, a clinical syndrome based on the brain damage induced by thiamin deficiency is known as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS). To examine the pathogenesis of WKS, rodent models for WKS have been developed and extensively studied. However, the precise mechanism by which thiamin deficiency produces necrotic lesions in particular brain regions is still unclear. In this review, we describe a history of the research on WKS, neuropathological changes induced by thiamin deficiency, and recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of experimental WKS in the rodent models. Based on the experimental data in the recent literatures, we discuss possible pathways from thiamin deficiency to neuronal death.View full abstractDownload PDF (1416K) -
Akihito Ochiai, Ryuichi Takase, Bunzo Mikami, Wataru Hashimoto, Kousak ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 525-531
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gram-negative and alginate-assimilating bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. A1, can incorporate the polysaccharide into the cytoplasm through the cell-surface pit and ABC transporter. Alginate is depolymerized into disaccharides to tetrasaccharides by cytoplasmic endotype alginate lyases (A1-I, II, III). An exotype alginate lyase A1-IV degrades the oligosaccharides to unsaturated monosaccharides. α-Keto acids nonenzymatically formed from monosaccharides are converted to 2-keto-3-deoxy-^D-gluconic acid (KDG) by NADPH-dependent reductase A1-R. KDG is eventually metabolized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate through the sequential reaction catalyzed by KDG kinase (A1-K) and 2-keto-3-deoxy 6-phosphogluconate aldolase (A1-A). This review deals with the structure and function of bacterial alginate-metabolizing enzymes, especially structure determinants responsible for the catalytic reaction and mode of action of endotype lyases A1-II, II', III in strain A1 and exotype lyase Atu3025 in Agrobacterium tumefaciens as well as for the coenzyme-binding mode of strain A1 α-keto acid reductase (A1-R).View full abstractDownload PDF (1140K) -
Hiromi Katsura, Katsushi Koyama, Yukio DoiArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 532-537
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of orally administered cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin on vitamin B_<12> storage in the rat liver and kidney was examined. Regardless of the dosage, the amount of vitamin B_<12> stored in the liver of rats fed the cyanocobalamin diet was about half of that in rats fed the methylcobalamin diets. In contrast, the amount of B_<12> accumulation in the kidney of rats fed the cyanocobalamin diet was higher than that in rats fed the methylcobalamin diet. Nevertheless, the proportions of four vitamin B_<12> analogues (hydroxo-, adenosyl-, cyano-, and methyl-cobalamin) stored in both organs were not affected by the type of cobalamin having different axial ligands in the diet. Moreover, the difference in the ligand type cobalamin in the diet did not affect the concentrations of circulating homocysteine and urinary methylmalonic acid. These results suggest that the storage capacity of vitamin B_<12> in the liver is determined by the type of the upper axial ligand of cobalamin in the diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (827K) -
Naoto Tanaka, Satoru Tomita, Sanae OkadaArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 538-542
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis ATCC 7830 is used as an official indicator for the vitamin B_<12> (B_<12>) bioassay based on the calibration curve method. The strain is, however, unstable in the sensitivity to B_<12> frequently and it is difficult to generate reproducible calibration curves on the basis of the growth of the strain. We found L. delbrueckii strains derived from a fermented vegetable, sunki, tend to require B_<12> for growth strictly. Additionally, the growth of such strains showed a high correlation with B_<12> (cyanocobalamin) concentration in media. In this study, L. delbrueckii strains were evaluated based on the correlation stability for screening of superior B_<12> bioassay indicators and finally the strain NRIC 0700 was proposed. Moreover, the improvement of sample treatment conditions and of regression models for calibration curves contributed to the development of accuracy of the bioassay.View full abstractDownload PDF (778K) -
Akira Murata, Sawako Jinnouchi, Atsuko Kuroishi, Fumio Kato, Kohzo Kan ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 543-547
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of 15 ascorbic acid derivatives on phage J1 of Lactobacillus casei were investigated in relation to the phage control in lactic fermentation. 5,6-O-isopropylidene-AsA, 2-O-(7,H-dodecafluoroheptanoyl)-AsA, 2-O-benzoyl-AsA, 2,6-di-O-benzoyl-AsA, 6-O-(7,H-dodecafluoroheptanoyl)-AsA, 6-bromo-6-deoxy-AsA, 5,6-dideoxy-O-glycero-hex-2,3:5,6-dienone-1,4-lactone and 6-O-phenyl-AsA exhibited little or no effect on the phage growth. 6-O-octanoyl-AsA partially inhibited the phage growth. 2-O-octanoyl-AsA and 2,3-bis-O-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropyl)-AsA completely inhibited the phage growth at the concentration which allowed bacterial growth, but differences in both concentrations were not so large. 2,6-bis-O- octanoyl-AsA, 2,6-bis-O-perfluorooctanoyl-AsA and 2,3-di-O-octanoyl-5,6-O-isopropylidene-AsA completely inhibited the phage growth at the concentration which inhibited completely bacterial growth. 2,3-bis-O-(7,H-dodecafluoroheptanoyl)-AsA exhibited little or no effect on the phage growth at the concentration which inhibited bacterial growth..View full abstractDownload PDF (554K) -
Akihiro Tai, Tasuku Mori, Yuka Kimura, Hideyuki ItoArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 548-549
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Akihiro Tai, Tasuku Mori, Masaya Urushihara, Hideyuki Ito, Daisuke Kaw ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 550-551
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Hideyuki HayashiArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 552-554
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Toshie FujishimaArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 555-557
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Shihono Umesato, Toshiaki WatanabeArticle type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 558-560
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 561-562
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (359K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 562-
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (212K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 562-563
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 563-564
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 564-565
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 565-566
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 566-
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], Ardiansyah, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese ...Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 567-
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (223K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
2010Volume 84Issue 11 Pages 568-
Published: November 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (191K)
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