VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 34, Issue 4

Displaying 1-47 of 47 articles from this issue

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INFLUENCE OF α-TOCOPHERYL NICOTINATE ON COOLING-REWARMING TEST

Mitsuo KAMIMURA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 371-374
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_371

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Experimental studies of α-tocopherylnicotinate on the cooling-rewarming test were done for 30 human subjects by measurement of the skin temperature on the back of hands and finger tip. It was found that α-tocopherylnicotinate (600mg daily for 6 days) had the restoration of the mean rewarming time, especially in the constrictor type. Discussing the results, it was concluded that α-tocopherylnicotinate had the persistent and strong accelerating effects on the skin-microcirculation and its reserve strength, especially on the arterioles region.

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STUDIES ON ANTAGONISTS OF THIAMINE : (XIII) THE INFLUENCE OF IMIDAZOLETHIAMINE COMPOUNDS ON LACTOBACILLUS AND YEAST

Gun-ichi KURATA, Tatsuo SAKAI, Tatsuro MIYAHARA, Hiroshi YOKOYAMA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 375-380
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_375

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Benzylaminothiamine (I), N-(1-methyl-2-benzylamino-4-hydroxy-1-butenyl)-N-[(2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl]-formamide or butylaminothiamine (II), N-[1-methyl-2-(n-butylamino)-4-hydroxy-1-butenyl]-N-[(2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl]-formamide was shown to be inhibitory to the growth of L. fermenti 36 and Kl. apiculata. The inhibitory effect of I or II was competitive and recovered only by thiamine. The acid catalysed cyclization product of I or II, benzylimidazolethiamine (III), 1-[(2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl]-3-benzyl-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methylimidazolium chloride-HCl or butylimidazolethiamine (IV), 1-[(2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl]-3-(n-butyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methylimidazolium bromide-HBr showed the same inhibitory activity as I or II ; the inhibition index of III or IV was 1,230 or 1,070 for L. fermenti and 420 or 990 for Kl. apiculata. Reversible conversion was observed between I and III or II and IV by changing of pH in its aqueous solution. Growth-inhibitory effect of I or II seemed to be due to III or IV which was transformed from I or II in broth. III or IV also was shown to be inhibitory to the growth of Sacch. carlsbergensis. This growth-inhibitory effect by III or IV was recovered specifically by pyridoxine.

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BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON PANTETHINE : (IV) ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY TESTS OF PANTETHINE

Takeshi AKIMOTO, Akimoto YAMADA, Yasuaki OSADA, Satoshi TAKAYAMA, Yasu ...

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 381-389
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_381

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Safety evaluation of pantethine has been made by acute and chronic toxicity tests. In the acute toxicity test, pantethie was administered to mice and rats by various routes. LD_<50> values of pantethine were very high both in mice and rats. In the chronic toxicity test, 4 to 18,000 mg/kg/day of pantethine was given orally to rats for six months. In dose of 80 mg/kg or less, the general condition, weight gain, food intake, hematologic determination, gross and microscopic findings did not suggest the occurrence of drug-related abnormalities. No significant change was found except the slight inhibition of weight gain even at a dose level of 800 mg/kg. Death of the animals due to diarrhea and malnutrition was observed both in doses of 8,000 and 18,000 mg/kg.

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STIMULATING EFFECT OF THIAMINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES ON RAT INTESTINAL MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

Fujio FUJIOKA, Soichi CHOKI, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHI

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 390-392
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_390

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Kymographic studies were performed by Magnus method, using isolated segments of rat small intestine under well-controlled experimental condition. Excellent activities on intestinal movement was recognized after administration of various thiamine derivatives in Tyrode solution, such as thiamine-HCl (24μg/ml), thiamine-HNO_3 (24μg/ml), BTMP (15μg/ml), TPD (24μg/ml), BTDS (24μg/ml), TTFD (15μg/ml), thiamine-NDS (24μg/ml), DBT (15μg/ml) and iBuTDS (24μg/ml). No activity was observed in the case of Cl^- or NO_3^- or Tyrode solution.

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FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR VITAMIN B-COMPLEX BY CUP-PLATE TECHNIQUE : (VII) FURTHER STUDIES ON THE REQUISITE CONDITIONS FOR FOLIC ACID DETERMINATION BY CUP-PLATE METHOD USING STREPTOCOCCUS FAECALIS

Masako YAMADA, Noriko INAKOSHI, Tohru TSUKAHARA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 393-398
Published: October 25, 1966
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_393

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In a previous paper, it was suggested that a cup-plate method with Streptococcus faecalis as test organism might be available for the microbiological assay of folic acid, and on that occasion the folic acid content of powdered agar added to assay medium affected the sharpness of the zones of exhibition. Thus, a favourable condition was reexamined for obtaining the growth zones of the best character using the agar from which extracted the vitamin as much as possible, and the precision of the assay method was further analysed. The following condition was required for the present purpose. Assay medium : AOAC's composition with 1% purified agar, 1.5 mm plate thickness, pH 6.8 to 7.5. Folic acid solution : pH 7.0 to 7.5. Inoculum density of test organism : 0.025 OD in final. Incubation : 37℃, 16 to 18 hrs. Under the condition there was a linearity of the dose response to the standard solution of folic acid over a wide range of 100 to 4,000 mμg per ml, and in the statistical evaluation of the results the maximum errors of the estimate were below 10%. The precision of the plate assay method could be improved by the use of purified agar and the establishment of optimal condition for folic acid determination.

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COMPLEX COMPOUNDS OF THIAMINE AND HEAVY METALS : (IV) MECHANISM OF CRYSTALLIZATION OF THIAMINE-COPPER-COMPOUND

Akira TANAKA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 399-404
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_399

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This paper describes a proposed mechanism of the formation of crystalline thiamine-copper complex (I) and also presents a brief discussion on a relationship to other related compounds. The overall reaction leading from thiamine to I is shown as follows. [chemical formula] Paper chromatographical studies have revealed that ethylene glycol which has the distinctive property of dissolving I, can dissociate I into its components, but not with other less efficient solvents such as ethanol, butanol, or glycerine. From a consideration of the results of dialysis or paper chromatographical studies, or UV spectra, the mode of combination of the units will be discussed in connection with the 4-coordinative character of copper atom.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XVII) ON THE ACTION OF THIAMINE AND L-CYSTEINE AS COLD WAVING AGENT

Isamu UTSUMI, Kiyoshi HARADA, Keiichi KOHNO, Tokuji MIURA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 405-410
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_405

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As a part of series of studies on the interaction of thiol-type thiamines with SH or S-S groups of proteins, the interaction of thiamine as well as L-cysteine with keratin has been investigated through the observations of the permanent waving action on human hair under various conditions. It was found that L-cysteine can be used as an effective cold waving agent in aqueous solution at pH from 8.8 to 9.4,concentration ranging from 5 to 15% and at 30℃ for 15-25 minutes. A less but significant hair waving effect of thiamine hydrochloride was observed at the condition of pH 9.2-9.8,concentration from 15 to 25% and 30℃ for 25-40 minutes. It was also observed that ammonia or monoethanolamine was one of the most effective alkaline agents among various alkalies and that the waving power was significantly increased by the combined use of protein denaturants such as urea and guanidine hydrochloride with L-cysteine or thiamine. From these results, it is plausible that the main action of thiol-type thiamine or L-cysteine on the hair waving is concerned with thiol-disulfide interaction between mercaptide ion of these thiols and S-S linkages of keratin.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XVIII) ON OXIDATION OF THIAMINE ALKYLSULFIDE

Goro TSUKAMOTO, Toshio WATANABE, Isamu UTSUMI

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 411-416
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_411

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Oxidation of S-alkylthiamines and S-carbalkoxythiamines, which are difficult to convert to thiamine by sulfhydryl compounds, was investigated. S-alkylthiamines were oxidized with hydrogen peroxide and perbenzoic aicd in glacial acetic acid to afford the corresponding sulfoxides and the sulfones in accordance with amount of the peroxides, and O-benzoyl-S-carbethoxythiamine, one of S-carbalkoxythiamine derivatives, afforded O-benzoylthiaminic acid. The structures of the sulfoxides and the sulfones were confirmed by elementary analyses, elimination of oxygen and infrared spectra.

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THE FORMS OF CORRINOIDS IN THE METHANE FERMENTATION PRODUCTS OF DISTILLERS' WASTES : (I) INVESTIGATION ON THE SAMPLE FROM GOVERMENTAL DISTILLERIES IN CHIBA

Hideki NARAHARA, Tadashi KAMIKUBO

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 417-420
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_417

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The forms of corrinoids were investigated in the thermophilic methane fermentation products of alcoholic distillers' wastes. The corrinoids were extracted from the dried sample by heating it in the presence of cyanide and purified by salting out with ammonium sulfate, followed by p-chlorophenol-chloroform extraction. The purified red corrinoid mixture was separated paper ionophoretically at pH 2.5 into two main fractions. Majority was the neutral fraction corresponding to about 85% of the total corrinoid, which was identified as B_<12>-factor III by means of paper ionophoresis at pH 11,paper chromatograhpy using three kinds of developers, spectrophotometry of the factor as well as its Ce (III)-decomposition product (nucleoside), and microbiological methods. The rest was cobinamide. The findings obtained from the investigation for the confirmation of the coenzyme form suggest the possibility of the presence as Co-methyl form of factor III.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINE BIOSYNTHESIS BY ESCHERICHIA COLI : (V) EFFECTS OF AMINO ACIDS ON THE REVERSE OF GROWTH INHIBITION OF E. COLI BY AMINOTHIAZOLE

Akio IWASHIMA, Toshiki UEMATSU, Toru MASUDA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 421-425
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_421

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The growth of Escherichia coli is inhibited by aminothiazole added to the medium which inhibits the enzymatic synthesis of thiamine by competing with thiazole as substrate in the enzyme system that catalyzes the condensation of hydroxymethylpyrimidine and thiazole. Therefore, by estimating the activities of various amino acids added to the medium to reverse the growth inhibition, some plausible thiazole precursors were surveyed. L-Methionine was effective on the reverse of the growth inhibition at 1×10^<-6>M, whereas cysteine and cystine were less effective. L-Glutamic acid and L-asparic acid also had some accerelating activities on the growht of E. coli inhibited by aminothiazole. In addition the coexistence of L-methionine and L-glutamic aicd showed a multiplied aciton on the reverse of the inhibition which suggested possible intermediates in the biosynthesis of thiazole moiety of thiamine.

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THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF HOMOPANTOTHENIC ACID ON SOME HYPERKINETIC DISEASES

Kazuma MIYAJI, Toshio AKIYAMA

Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 426-428
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_426

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Based on the analogous structural formula of homopantothenic acid (HOPA) to pantothenic acid, the present authors assumed that HOPA might be antagonistic to pantothenic acid and give adverse influence on the liver functions. However, the experimental result demonstrated that long term administration of HOPA exerted no unfavourable influence on the liver function. Clinically, HOPA showed effects on idiopathic epliepsy, Jacksonian epilepsy, Parkinsonism, and tremor of extremity. HOPA is also considered to be effective for treatment of some other hyperkinetic disorders.

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Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 429-431
Published: October 25, 1966
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_429

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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 431-433
Published: October 25, 1966
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_431

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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 433-434
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_433

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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 434-436
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_434

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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 437-438
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_437

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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 439-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 439-440
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 440-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 440-441
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 441-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 441-442
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 442-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 442-443
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 443-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 443-444
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 444-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 444-445
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 445-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 445-446
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 446-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 446-447
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 447-448
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 448-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 448-449
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 449-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 449-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 450-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 450-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 451-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 451-452
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 452-
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 452-453
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 453-
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Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 453-454
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1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 454-
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Article type: Article
1966 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 454-455
Published: October 25, 1966
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.4_454_2

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