VITAMINS

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Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 25, Issue 6

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 465-471
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_465

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES : (I) PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES

Ryuichi YAMAMOTO, Tanekazu KUBOTA, Kunihei INAZU

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 472-477
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_472

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In the course of studies on modified thiamine derivatives, Takamizawa et al. in 1961,synthesized new compounds, S-carbalkoxythiamines. Of the homologues, the physical and chemical properties of the following compounds were studied : S-carbethoxythiamine-HCl (CET), S-carbobutoxythiamine-HCl (CBT), O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine-HCl-H_2O (DCET). These compounds are colorless, odorless and nonhygroscopic. Each is soluble in water and methanol, but not in ether and benzene. The ultraviolet spectra shows these derivatives to have the same λ_<max> at 244 mμ in acidic solution, which varies with the change of pH. The infrared spectra shows specific absorption bands at 1710-1720cm^<-1> (ν_<c=o>) and 1150-1155cm^<-1> (ν_<c=o>), arising from -S・COO- group. DCET, moreover, has strong absorptions at 1750cm^<-1> (ν_<c=o>), 1260cm^<-1> (ν_<c-o>) and 1010cm^<-1> (ν_<c-o>). It was found that DCET is the most stable of the three derivatives, both in aqueous solution or in powder mixture.

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES : (II) ASSAY METHODS OF S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES

Ryuichi YAMAMOTO, Kunihei INAZU, Kazuhiro SHIMA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 478-482
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_478

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It was experimentally established the "alkaline method" and "diastase method"for assay ing S-carbethoxythiamine-HCl (CET), S-carbobutoxythiamine-HCl (CBT) and O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine-HCl・H_2O (DCET). The alkaline method is based on the fact that CET, CBT and DCET are easily converted into thiamine on treatment with N NaOH at 30℃ for 5 minutes, followed by acidification with N HCl. After this treatment, they can be quantitatively determined with the ordinary thiamine determination procedure. The separation method can be applied for correction the errors produced by contaminants such as thiamine and other thiochrome reaction positive compounds. Except for CET, both CBT and DCET can be determined quantitatively by the diastase method. Each derivative shows the lack of affinity for permutite. However, after treatment with alkaline or diastase, the derivatives behave similarily to thiamine in regards to permutite adsorbability.

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES : (III) BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES

Tetuo MINESITA, Minoru MORITA, Tsuyoshi IWATA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 483-488
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_483

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Some biological properties of S-carbethoxythiamine (CET), S-carbobutoxythiamine (CBT) and O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine (DCET) were studied. CBT and DCET showed a thiamine activity approximately equivalent to that of thiamine-HCl in the rat growth tests, while CET showed somewhat less activity in the low dose level (5μg). However, it exerts thiamine activity almost equivalent to that of the others in a high dose (10μg). These S-carbalkoxythiamines (CATs) were highly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when administered orally to the rabbit, rat and human, and readily converted to thiamine or cocarboxylase in the body. When they were given parenterally to animals, the high blood thiamine levels continued for a long time. CATs penetrated the blood cell membrane more readily than thiamine-HCl, and they were converted to thiamine in the blood cell.

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES : (IV) PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES

Tetuo MINESITA, Motohiko UEDA, Syoichi MATSUMURA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 488-492
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_488

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The pharmacological actions of S-carbethoxythiamine, S-carbobutoxythiamine and O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine in experimental animals were compared with those of thiamine-HCl. Toxic symptoms of these CATs, except for those of DCET, in mice were almost the same as those of thiamine-HCl. The toxicity of these compounds in mice decreased in the following order : thiamine-HCl, DCET, CBT, and CET. In cats a marked fall of blood pressure, respiratory depression, and relaxation of the intestine were observed by the intravenous administration of large doses of the compounds. In such high doses these compounds also caused the depression of spontaneous movements of isolated rabbit hearts and isolated guinea pig auricles. In addition it seemed that the functions of striated muscles, as well as those of smooth muscles, were markedly lowered by the administration of the compounds in a dose of 10^<-3>. The action mechanisms of these compounds in relation to pharmacological effects were further discussed.

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINE : (V) SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINE IN RATS

Tetuo MINESITA, Yuzo Hayashi, Syunji SEKIHARA, Yoshihiro MURAOKA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 492-499
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_492

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Pathological study on the toxicity of S-carbethoxythiamine, S-carbobutoxythiamine and O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine was performed with the following results : The subacute LD_<50> of CET, CBT and DCET were estimated respectively to be 5.2 g/kg×5 and over, 4.8 g/kg×5 and 6.7 g/kg×5 p.o.. Large doses of CET and DCET, more than 3.5 g/kg×5,did not produce any specific pathological lesions in rats, but merely unspecific organ lesions similar to those of the animals in a catabolic phase of the post-aggressive oscillating reaction were found. Although some degenerative changes of the liver and kidney appeared in the rats administered a large dose of CBT (3.5 g/kg×5), these were experimentally demonstrated to be mainly caused by the toxic effect of butanol, a presumable metabolite of CBT. No pathological findings were noted in the rats administered CET, CBT and DCET in doses of either 785 mg/kg for 20 days or 20 mg/kg for 12 weeks.

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STUDIES ON S-CARBALKOXYTHIAMINES : (VII) CHRONIC EFFECT IN DOGS

Tetuo MINESITA, Kenjiro YAMAMOTO, Yuzo HAYASHI, Minoru MORITA, Ryoji H ...

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 500-503
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_500

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Equivalent amounts to 20 mg of thiamine-HCl per kg body weight of S-carbethoxythiamine, S-carbobutoxythiamine, O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine and thiamine-HCl were daily administered to respective groups of mongrel dogs together with the diet for 100 days. No toxic signs were seen in various liver and kidney functions tests throughout the whole experimental period. However, serum choline esterase activity of the dogs of all groups decreased very gradually week by week, although they were within the normal range. Minimum thiamine levels of the dog blood increased week by week remarkably arriving at peak levels after 8 to 11 weeks and showing a plateau afterwards. Most of thiamine in the blood was of the conjugated form in the blood cells. These dogs were sacrificed after the 100 days administration. No pathological findings thought to be significant to the drug administration was found both by gross and microscopic examinations of the organs of the dogs.

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OXIDATION OF THIAMINE DISSOLVED IN SODIUM ALCOHOLATE SOLUTION

Shizuka KASAHARA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 503-508
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_503

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Oxidation of thiamine to its disulfide and to thiochrome was studied using air or N-bro-mosuccinimide as oxidants. Addition of 2 moles of Na-alcoholate to alcoholic suspension of thiamine hydrochloride gave a yellowish solution of free base, precipitating NaCl quantitatively. Dried air, passed through the alkali was introduced into this solution at room temperature. After aeration, thiochrome, thiamine disulfide and thiamine-thiazolone were obtained from the mixture. Paper chromatography of the mixture revealed the presence of thiamine, thiamine disulfide, thiochrome, thiamine-thiazolone, thiothiamine, vitachrome and unknown fluorescent substance. The above stated that ethanol solution of free base gave thiochrome by the action of one mole of N-bromosuccinimide, while thiamine disulfide by 0.5 mole of the oxidant. In aqueous solution, however, thiamine was oxidized to thiamine disulfide by N-bromosuccinimide and NaOH.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINASE DISEASE : (II) BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AN AEROBIC THIAMINE DECOMPOSING BACILLUS AND ITS FERMENTATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THIAMINASE

Shohai CHANG

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 508-513
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_508

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According to the studies on the biological properties and fermentative activities of thiaminase comparing with the other relating bacilli, it was clear that a bacterium which produces thiaminase isolated by the author can be distinguished from relating bacilli, especially B. thiaminolyticus Matsukawa et Misawa which resembles it.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINASE DISEASE : (III) SENSIBILITY TO ANTIBIOTICS OF AN AEROBIC THIAMINE DECOMPOSING BACILLUS

Shohai CHANG

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 514-515
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_514

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Examination of sensibility to antibiotics on an aerobic thiamine decomposing bacillus by means of disc test was made. All strains isolated by the author were not sensible to Streptomycin, while B. thiaminolyticus and B. aneurinolyticus were strongly sensible to Streptomycin. It was obvious that the above new bacterium differed also remarkably from B. thiaminolyticus on sensibility to antibiotics.

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 516-517
Published: June 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_516

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 517-518
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_517

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 518-520
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_518

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 520-
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_520_1

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 520-521
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_520_2

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 522-
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_522_1

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 522-524
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_522_2

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 524-525
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_524

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 525-526
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_525

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 526-528
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_526

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 528-530
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_528

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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 530-531
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_530

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 531-533
Published: June 25, 1962
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 533-536
Published: June 25, 1962
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 536-537
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 537-539
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 539-
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 539-540
Published: June 25, 1962
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 540-541
Published: June 25, 1962
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 541-543
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 543-544
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 544-545
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 546-547
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_546

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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 547-550
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 550-551
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 551-552
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_551

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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 552-555
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_552

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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 555-558
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_555

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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 558-561
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 562-
Published: June 25, 1962
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 562-
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 562-563
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 563-
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 564-
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 564-565
Published: June 25, 1962
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 565-
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 565-
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1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 566-
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 566-
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Article type: Article
1962 Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 566-567
Published: June 25, 1962
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.25.6_566_3

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