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Michitada SASAJIMA, Seiichiro YOSHIDA, Akira NAGANUMA, Sadao NAKANE, T ...
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
349-355
Published: May 25, 1967
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Pharmacological effects of O-isobutyrylthiamine disulfide (iBuTDS) on experimental animals were studied as compared with those of thiamine hydrochloride (B_1-HCl). Acute toxicity of iBuTDS in mice was lower than that of B_1-HCl. On systemic blood pressure and respiration of dogs and rabbits, isolated vessels of rabbit's ear, excised intestine of guinea pigs and uteri of rabbits, in situ, the effects of iBuTDS were milder than or similar to those of B_1-HCl. The myocardial activity of isolated hearts of toads and rabbits was slightly stimulated by iBuTDS, while that effect was not observed in case of B_1-HCl.
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Mitsuko OKADA
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
356-361
Published: May 25, 1967
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Ammonia is well known to be an inhibitor of cytoplasmic respiration in mitochondria, but the mechanism of its inhibition is not known. It has been previously reported from our laboratory that ammonia is most inhibitory for the respiration of citrate or isocitrate, and it causes a decrease in pyridine nucleotides level in mitochondria. The present author has further investigated the problem in detail using oxygen analyser and it was found that ammonia affects on the respiration only when electron transporting system works fully by an addition of adenosine diphosphate of 2,4-dinitrophenol. Glutamate was found in a trace amount in the system with addition of ammonia. On the other hand, pyridine nucleotide level did not changed in a low concentration of ammonia, although the respiratory inhibition was significant. It is considered that a decrease in pyridine nucleotide level by ammonia would not cause the respiratory inhibition, but the former is led by the latter. NADH_2 oxidase which is activated by ammonia, was purified about 130 fold from pig liver mitochondria. The existence of nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside oxidase and dehydrogenase in liver cells was discussed.
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Tadashi KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
362-365
Published: May 25, 1967
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Chemical isomerization and its isomerization course of vitamin D_2 by boron trifluoride or antimony trichloride (reported by Inhoffen, et al. and Kodicek, et al.) were investigated by using the previously reported alumina-column chromatographic and gas chromatographic procedures. It was confirmed that vitamin D_2 was isomerized to isotachysterol_2 by the both reagents through the following course : vitamin D_2→isocalciferol→isotachysterol_2.
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Tadashi KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
366-369
Published: May 25, 1967
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Chemical isomerization of vitamin D_2 by iodine under the influence of daylight (reported by Havinga, et al.) was investigated by using the previously reported alumina-column chromatographic and gas chromatographic procedures. Small quantities of iodine was added to 2.5×10^<-3> M vitamin D_2・n-hexane solution and then the mixture was allowed to stand in daylight. When the concentration of iodine was 8×10^<-6> M, vitamin D_2 was isomerized to 5,6-trans-vitamin D_2. When the concentration of iodine was more than 8×10^<-5> M, however, it was isomerized to isotachysterol_2 through the following course : vitamin D_2→5,6-trans-vitamin D_2→isocalciferol→isotachysterol_2.
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Tadashi KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
370-374
Published: May 25, 1967
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It was discovered that a new compound was produced by the reaction of vitamin D with antimony trichloride containing acetyl chloride. The compound was confirmed to be a dimer formed by the condensation of 2 moles of vtamin D, so it was provisionally named "Bisteroid". The chemical structure of bisteroid was discussed on and the mechamism of color reaction of vitamin D with antimony trichloride reagent was discussed from its structure.
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Kentaro OKUMURA, Sataro IMADO, Tatsuo ODA
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
375-379
Published: May 25, 1967
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Expecting an additive effect of vitamin B_6 and nicotinic acid for hypocholesteremic action, the following compounds of nicotinic esters of vitamin B_6 group were synthesized. Pyridoxine 5-nicotinate, pyridoxine trinicotinate, N-nicotinoyl-pyridoxamine dinicotinate and pyridoxal dinicotinate. They were prepared by acylation of vitamin B_6 group with nicotinyl chloride or nicotinic anhydride. The substituted positions in pyridoxine 5-nicotinate and pyridoxal dinicotinate were confirmed by NMR spectra.
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Kentaro OKUMURA, Tatsuo ODA, Toji NISHIHARA
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
380-383
Published: May 25, 1967
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Pyridoxal 5-phosphate was prepared by phosphorylation of pyridoxal azine with polyphosphoric acid, followed by diazotization and the subsequent purification by ion exchange chromatography.
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Kentaro OKUMURA, Tatsuo ODA, Toji NISHIHARA
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
384-386
Published: May 25, 1967
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A practical process for the synthesis of pyridoxal 5-phosphate from pyridoxal via its hydrazone is described. Pyridoxal phosphate was prepared by phosphorylation of pyridoxal hydrazone, followed by diazotization and subsequent purification by ion exchange chromatography.
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Kazuo IWAI, Osamu OKINAKA, Hisae YOKOMIZO
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
387-394
Published: May 25, 1967
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A single medium uniformly available for microbiological assay of the B-vitamins with various lactic acid bacteria was described. Test organisms used are as indicated in Table 1 and the constituents of the medium are as listed in Table 2. For use in assays, the appropriate vitamin is omitted from the medium. It has been shown that this medium is applicable to the assays of 11 varieties of B-vitamins with good responses which compare favorably with those obtained by using the assay medium previously reported. The medium was quite transparent even after heat sterilization, and the double strength medium, with the exception of glucose, polysorbate 80 and the synthetic vitamins, could be preserved at least for one month under toluene in the cold without previous heat sterilization. This medium will be useful for the routine microbiological assay of the B-vitamins with various lactic acid bacteria in natural materials.
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Toru KOMAI, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Ryohei YAMADA, Saburo FUKUI
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
395-400
Published: May 25, 1967
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The present work deals with the reactions between cobalamins and water-miscible aldehydes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. When 10ml of aqueous solution containing about 1×10^<-4> mole of aldehyde and 3.2×10^<-7> moles of aquocobalamin was shaken in the air at 35℃, about 10^<-5> mole of carboxylic acid was produced after 100hrs. On the contrary, the use of cyanocobalamin instead of aquocobalamin did not cause any detectable oxidation of aldehyde. From these results, it is obvious that aquocobalamin acts as the catalyst in the oxidation of aldehyde by oxygen molecules. Under anaerobic conditions, aquocobalamin was reduced to vitamin B_<12r> by adding aldehyde. In this case, the formation of vitamin B_<12r> was more rapid as pH-value of the solution was higher and was remarkably promoted by irradiation. The reaction also occured much more easily in iso-propanol than in water, but retarded in the presence of acetone. These facts suggested the following mechanism. Under anaerobic conditions : 1) Aldehyde coordinates to the Co-atom in exchange for H_2O of aquocobalamin. 2) Proton leaves from the aldehyde-cobalamin complex. 3) The unstable intermediate thus formed splits to give an acyl radical and vitamin B_<12r>. And under aerobic conditions : 4) The acyl radical is attacked by oxygen molecule and converted to carboxylic acid. 5) Vitamin B_<12r> is reoxidized to aquo-cobalamin.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
401-402
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
402-403
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
403-405
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
405-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
405-406
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
406-407
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
407-408
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
408-409
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
409-410
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
410-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
410-411
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
411-412
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
412-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
413-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
413-414
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
414-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
416-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
416-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
416-417
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
417-
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
417-418
Published: May 25, 1967
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1967 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages
418-
Published: May 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
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