VITAMINS

CHEMISTRY AND APPLICATION OF ASCORBIC ACID PHOSPHATE

Hiroyuki MIMA, Hiroaki NOMURA, Yoshio IMAI, Hiromichi TAKASHIMA

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 387-398
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_387

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

By phosphorylation of 5,6-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid, a mixture of some phosphoric acid esters of AsA were obtained, and from this mixture, four esters (AsA-2-phosphate, -3-phosphate, -3-pyrophosphate, bis- AsA-3,3'-phosphate) were isolated. AsA-3-phosphate was most stable among these four esters and the other esters changed to -3-phosphate in aqueous solution. AsA-3-phosphate and its salt were stable in water, especially in neutral or alkaline solution containing boric acid or its salt. AsA-phosphate was hydrolyzed with phosphatase of liver or skin to corresponding AsA and exhibited vitamin C activity. The topical therapy with an ointment containing AsA-phosphate Mg was carried out in the treatment of various pigmented dermatoses for a long time and found to be effective. Accordingly, AsA-phosphate Mg is available for dermatological and cosmetic uses.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1197K)
TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND EXCRETION OF PARENTERALLY ADMINISTERED METHYLCOBALAMIN IN THE RAT

Kunio OKUDA, Keisuke YASHIMA, Terumi FUJII, Isao TAKARA, Tetsuro KITAS ...

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 403-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_403

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Varying dosages of ^57Co-labeled methylcobalamin were injected to rats by subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous routes and the distribution of radioactivity was measured and compared with those for ^57Co-labeled cyanocobalamin and hydroxocobalamin. The urinary excretion was also determined in comparison with the two common analogues. It was found that methylcobalamin behaved somewhat like hydroxocobalamin with respect to tissue retention and excretion via the kidney. However, if given in large doses, it behaved more like cyanocobalamin in blood. These data seem to suggest a gradual conversion of methylcobalamin to hydroxocobalamin or coenzyme forms in vivo.

View full abstract

Download PDF (177K)
STUDIES ON ANTAGONISTS OF THIAMINE : (XXV) DETERMINATION METHODS OF IMIDAZOLOTHIAMINE COMPOUNDS AND TRIAZINOTHIAMINE COMPOUNDS

Tatsuro MIYAHARA, Gunichi KURATA, Tatsuo SAKAI

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 408-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_408

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Fluorescence of each reaction mixture of BrCN or ferricyanide and benzylimidazolothiamine (I), imidazolothiamine (II), phenyltriazinothiamine (III) or triazinothiamine (IV) in alkaline solution was examined by fluorometer (Hitachi model 203). I showed blue fluorescence on the reaction with BrCN or ferricyanide and III or IV showed purple fluorescence by ferricyanide, but II showed no fluorescence. The fluorescence from I with BrCN was much stronger than that from I, III or IV with ferricyanide. From the reaction mixture of I and BrCN, a crystalline fluorophore was isolated and the calibration curve of its fluorescence on the basis of mole-concentration to I was shown to be nearly identical with that of I solution reacted with BrCN. As the quantitative formation of thiamine on incubation II and 4-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole (MHT) with the cells of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis had been established, estimation of II was enabled through the calibration of the formed thiamine (thiochrome method). The method was also applied successfully for the estimation of III or IV based on the biosynthesis of thiamine from them and MHT.

View full abstract

Download PDF (170K)
STUDIES ON ANTAGONISTS OF THIAMINE : (XXVI) INHIBITION OF THIAMINE-UPTAKE AND GROWTH BY ANTITHIAMINE COMPOUNDS ON LACTOBACILLUS FERMENTI

Tatsuro MIYAHARA, Gunichi KURATA, Tatsuo SAKAI

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 413-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_413_3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The growth of Lactobacillus fermenti was competitively inhibited by antithiamine compounds ; imidazolothiamine (I), benzylimidazolothiamine (II), butylimidazolothiamine (III) and triazinothiamine (IV) (Vitamins 32,383,1965 ; 33,488,1966 ; 34,289,375,1966). Thiamine uptake of Lactobacilli cells was inhibited by these compounds in the following order of inhibition : pyrithiamine > I ≒ II ≒ III > IV. Correlation between the growth-inhibition indices of the compounds and the uptake of thiamine by the cells in the presence of the compounds was shown in Fig. 1. The stronger inhibition to the growth of L. fermenti in the broth containing thiamine diphosphate than in the broth containing thiamine was shown by all the compounds. The stronger inhibition to cell-uptake of thiamine diphosphate than that of thiamine by the compounds was also demonstrated.

View full abstract

Download PDF (168K)
STUDIES ON ANTAGONIST OF THIAMINE : (XXVII) THE INFLUENCE OF IMIDAZOLOTHIAMINE COMPOUNDS ON THE GROWTH OF SACCHAROMYCES CARLSBERGENSIS

Tatsuro MIYAHARA, Gunichi KURATA, Tatsuo SAKAI

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 414-417
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_414

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

In the presence of 5×10^-11 mole pyridoxine-HCl/4ml, imidazolothiamine compounds (imidazolothiamine, benzyl- or butylimidazolothiamine) showed the inhibition as antithiamine to the growth of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis in the concentrations lower than 10^-8mole thiamine-HCl/4ml. In the concentrations higher than 10^-8 mole thiamine-HCl/4ml, benzylimidazolothiamine showed the growth-inhibition which was recovered by addition of pyridoxine, but not by addition of thiamine. A molar ratio of benzylimidazolothiamine to thiamine or pyridoxine required for 50% growth-inhibition was about 200 or 38,000. Benzylimidazolothiamine inhibited the cell-uptake of thiamine more strongly than the cell-uptake of pyridoxine, when the sufficient amount of thiamine and pyridoxine with benzylimidazolothiamine was added to the broth.

View full abstract

Download PDF (422K)
STUDIES ON O-BENZOYLTHIAMINE : (IV) ENZYMATIC FORMATION OF THIAMINE FROM O-BENZOYLTHIAMINE IN ANIMAL TISSUES

Kikuko INOUE

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 421-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_421

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The conversion of O-benzoylthiamine (OBT) to thiamine in various organs was studied by means of the procedure for the determination of OBT which is deviced by the author. The liver homogenates of albino rat and rabbit have the enzyme, capable of converting OBT to thiamine. Its optimum pH is 7.0-7.5. The enzymatic potency is strogest in liver, followed by kidney, while that in brain is negligible. The enzymatic power of blood varies with the animal species. For example, in rat blood it is negligible, while in human blood it is relatively strong.

View full abstract

Download PDF (171K)
THE EFFECTS OF THE PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION ON THE METABOLISM OF PANTOTHENIC ACID AND COENZYME A IN THE LIVER OF YOUNG ALBINO RAT : (I) THE INFLUENCE OF PREDONISOLONE AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE ON THE HEPATIC CONCENTRATION OF PANTOTHENIC ACID, COENZYME A AND ITS PRECURSORS IN YOUNG ALBINO RAT

Naoki NOMOTO

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 427-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_427_2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Various doses of predonisolone of 2,8,and 40mg/kg body weight/day and ACTH of 25 I.U./kg body weight/day for 1,3,10 and 20 days were injected into young albino rats. 1) Hepatic concentration of CoA increased from 3 to 10 days after the injection of 8 or 40mg/kg body weight/day of predonisolone and 3 days after the injection of ACTH. 2) Hepatic concentration of CoA decreased 20 days after the injection of 8 or 40mg/kg body weight/day of predonisolone. 3) Hepatic concentration of total pantothenic acid increased from 1,3 and 10 days after the injection of 8mg/kg body weight/day and 3 days after the injection of 40mg/kg body weight/day of prdonisolone. 4) No remarkable changes in hepatic concentration of CoA precursors and free pantothenic acid in these groups were found.

View full abstract

Download PDF (180K)
THE EFFECTS OF THE PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION ON THE METABOLISM OF PANTOTHENIC ACID AND COENZYME A IN THE LIVER OF YOUNG ALBINO RAT : (II) HEPATIC CONCENTRATION OF COENZYME A, ITS PRECURSORS AND PANTOTHENIC ACID IN ADRENALECTOMIZED AND TREATED WITH PREDONISOLON RATS.

Naoki NOMOTO

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 431-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_431

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Hepatic concentration of CoA, its precursors and pantothenic acid in adrenalectomized rats and of those treated with predonisolone 8mg/kg body weight/day for 3 days by intracutaneous injection were studied. 1) Hepatic concentration of CoA and pantothenic acid decreased 4 days after adrenalectomy. 2) Decreased hepatic concentrations of CoA and total pantothenic acid in adrenalectomized rats were recovered by the treatment of predonisolone in the above-mentioned way. 3) Even in shamoperation, however, hepatic concentration of CoA and total pantothenic acid decreased on the level of 66% of the control group. 4) No remarkable changes in hepatic concentration of CoA precursors and free pantothenic acid in each group were shown.

View full abstract

Download PDF (187K)
THE EFFECTS OF THE PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION ON THE METABOLISM OF PANTOTHENIC ACID AND COENZYME A IN THE LIVER OF YOUNG ALBINO RAT : (III) THE INFLUENCES OF PANTOTHENIC ACID, COENZYME A AND PREDONISOLONE ON HEPATIC CONCENTRATION OF COENZYME A AND PANTOTHENIC ACID IN ADRENALECTOMIZED RAT

Naoki NOMOTO

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 436-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_436_3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Hepatic concentration of CoA and pantothenic acid in adrenalectomized rat after injection of CoA 0.9 μmoles for 4 days, Ca-pantothenate 0.9 μmoles or 4.5 μmoles for 4 days and predonisolone 8mg/kg body weight/day for 3 days intracutaneously were observed, respectively. 1) The reduction of body weight in the CoA administered group was slighter than in the pantothenate injected group and its activity was better. 2) Hepatic concentration of CoA and total pantothenic acid decreased most remarkably in the pantothenate 0.9 μmoles administered group. 3) Hepatic concentration of CoA and total pantothenic acid increased in the CoA administered group. 4) No differences in hepatic CoA and total pantothenic acid content between CoA and predonisolone administered groups and also between pantothenate 0.9 μmoles and predonisolone 4.5 μmoles administered group were observed.

View full abstract

Download PDF (163K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 437-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_437_1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (178K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 437-438
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_437_2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (320K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 438-439
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_438

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (337K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 439-440
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_439

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (339K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 440-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_440_1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (197K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 440-441
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_440_2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (347K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 441-442
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_441

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (346K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 442-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_442_1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (200K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 442-443
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_442_2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (333K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 443-
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.41.6_443_3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (182K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!