VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 61, Issue 12

Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue

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Leucine-Tryptophan-Nicotinic Acid Interrelationship : The Hepatic NAD Decrease in the Rats Fed a Leucine-Excessive Diet

Chisae UMEZAWA

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 585-597
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_585

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The hepatic NAD decreased significantly in the rats fed a 10% or 20% casein diet supplemented with 5% leucine for 2 weeks. The effects of leucine and its related compounds on NAD biosynthesis from tryptophan or nicotinic acid were investigated in isolated rat hepatocytes. Leucine was ineffective, while α-ketoisocaproic acid, α-keto acid of leucine, and ketone bodies were inhibitory. α-Ketoisocaproic acid was quickly metabolized to ketone bodies by hepatocytes. Palmitic acid, which was not structurally related to leucine but quickly metabolized to ketone bodies, was also inhibitory. The hepatic ketone bodies of the rats fed a leucine-supplemented diet were raised to the level where inhibition of NAD biosynthesis could occur. Intestinal absorption and incorporation of tryptophan into liver and the biosynthesis of hepatic protein were not inhibited by excessive leucine when orally administered with an amino acid mixture. From the results, it was concluded that excessive ketone bodies derived from dietary supplemented leucine acted inhibitory on NAD biosynthesis.

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Ultramicro-determination of N^1-Methylnicotinamide in Urine by High-performance Liquid Chromatography

Katsumi SHIBATA

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 599-604
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_599

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An ultramicro-determination of N^1-methylnicotinamide by high-performance liquid chromatography is elaborated. N^1-methylnicotinamide reacted with ace-tophenone in a strong alkali medium at 0℃ in the presence of a large amount of isonicotinamide. After being kept for 10 min, formic acid was added and the mixture was kept for another 15 min at 0℃. Then, the mixture was heated at above 93℃ for 5 min. The reaction product, 1-methyl-7-phenyl-1, 5-dihydro-5-oxo-1, 6-naphthyridine was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The method employs adsorption on a Chemcosorb 300-SCX (150 × 4.6mm, I.D., 7 μm) column, elution with 25 mM KH_2PO_4 containing 20% acetonitrile (pH 4.5) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and estimation at excitation wavelength of 382 nm as well as emission wavelength of 440 nm. The detection limit was 0.01 pmol (1.36 pg in terms of N^1-methylnicotinamide). The technique was applied to the analysis of niacin-deficient rat urine. The total HPLC analysis time is approximately 10 min.

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Comparison of the Effect on Blood Coagulation Activity between Menaquinone-4 and Menaquinone-7 in Hypoprothrombinemic Rats Induced by Warfarin

Yasuhiro AKIYAMA, Kuniko HARA, Yoshinori KATO, Kimie TAKIZAWA, Tetsuya ...

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 605-609
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_605

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The restoring effect of MK-4 on the extrinsic coagulation activity was compared with that of MK-7 using hypoprothrombinemic rats induced by warfarin. With regard to oral administration, both MK-4 and MK-7 dose-dependently enhanced the coagulation activity, but the effect of MK-4 was observed more rapidly at 1 mg/kg body weight and more potently at all dosages examined than that of MK-7. In intravenous administration, the activity of MK-4 was the same as for oral administration. On the other hand, the concentration of MK-4 in liver was lower than that of MK-7 in both oral and intravenous administrations. These results suggest that MK-4 is more active than MK-7 in the production of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.

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Synthesis of 2-Butylthiothiamine and Its Inhibitory Effect on the Growth of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis

Kiyomatsu HASHIZUME, Chitose TODA, Teruyo YASUI, Hideo NAGANO

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 611-616
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_611

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4-Amino-2-butylthio-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine (3) corresponding to the 2-subst,ituted pyrimidine moiety in thiamine was prepared from ethyl ethoxy-methylenemalonate in an overall yield of 46.7% in 4 steps. This product was chlorinated with thionyl chloride followed by condensation with 4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)thiazole in dioxane to give 2-butylthiothiamine (2). The inhibitory effect of (2), (3) and 2-methylthiothiamine (1) on the growth of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis was examined under the following three culture conditions: a) vitamin B_1 and B_6 free medium, b) B_6 supplemented medium, and c) both B_1 and B_6 supplemented medium. Both compounds inhibited the growth of S. carlsbergensis under these conditions, the order of inhibitory po-tency being a) (1)>(3)>(2), b) (1)>(2)>(3), and c) (2)≧(1)>(3).

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 617-618
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_617

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], B.N. Ames

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 618-
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_618_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 618-619
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_618_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 619-620
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_619

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 620-
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_620

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 621-
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_621

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 622-624
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_622

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 625-627
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_625

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 627-
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_627_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 627-628
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_627_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 628-630
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_628

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1987Volume 61Issue 12 Pages 630-631
Published: December 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.12_630

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