All issues
Volume 44 (1971)
- Issue 6 Pages 295-
- Issue 5 Pages 231-
- Issue 4 Pages 185-
- Issue 3 Pages 121-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 44, Issue 3
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Osamu OKINAKAArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 121-132
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDihydropteroate-synthesizing enzyme is a member of the enzyme system for biosynthesis of folate compounds. A simple and rapid radioassay procedure, using ^<14>C-labeled p-aminobenzoate as substrate, has been established for the determination of this enzyme activity. Applying this radioassay, the distribution of the enzyme in several higher plants has been investigated, and the enzyme has been isolated from pea seedlings by chromatographic methods on DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-200. The purified enzyme was homogeneous in chromatographic and ultracentrifugal analyses. As substrate, the enzyme was specific for the amino group at para-position of benzoate, and utilized 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine (PTH_2-CH_2OH) in the presence of ATP and Mg^<2+>, as well as utilizing the pyrophosphate ester of PTH_2-CH_2OH in the presence of Mg^<2+>, to form dihydropteroate. PTH_2-CH_2OH was activated by both ATP and Mg^<2+> on the enzyme protein molecule. Dihydropteroate was formed, and pyrophosphate was liberated by the incubation with p-aminobenzoate from the activated PTH_2-CH_2OH, i.e., the pyrophosphate ester like compound of PTH_2-CH_2OH, combined on the enzyme protein molecule. AMP was detected as the other product in the reaction. Thus, the systematic name for this enzyme in plants was proposed as 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl -7,8-dihydropteridine : p-aminobenzoate ligase (AMP), and trivial name as dihydropteroate synthetase.View full abstractDownload PDF (1103K) -
Tadashi KOBAYASHI, Mitsue YASUMURAArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 133-139
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKeverling Buisman at al. (J. Pharm. Sci. 57,1326,1968) proposed that the total value of vitamin D_2 and previtamin D_2 should be always estimated for evaluation of the potential vitamin D_2 because of the rapid thermal isomerization of vitamin D_2 into previtamin D_2. Quantitative thin-layer chromatography was investigated to establish a routine method for the determination of potential vitamin D_2 in ultraviolet irradiated solution of ergosterol and the following method was proposed. A sample solution in ethylene dichloride was refluxed for 1.5 hours to obtain the equilibrium of vitamin D_2 and previtamin D_2 and then subjected to the quantitative thinlayer chromatography. Influence of tachysterol_2 accompanied with vitamin D_2 fraction was eliminated by maleic anhydride reaction at room temperature according to Mulder et al. (Pharm. Weekblad 50,1457,1965). After estimating the vitamin D_2 value by Nield color reaction, it was multiplied 1.56 as the conversion factor (induced from experimental results) to convert into the total value of potential vitamin D_2 (D_2 and pre D_2).View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Takuji OTSUKAArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 140-145
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influences of the several antibiotics injected subcutaneously and anticancer drugs administered intraperitoneally upon the hepatic pantothenic acid and CoA metabolism were investigated in young albino rats weighing 50 to 60g. 1) Followinm injection of Chloramphenicol (CP), Kanamvcin (KM) 200mm/kg daily and Penicillin G(PC-G) 100,000U/kg daily for 10 days, the hepatic content of CoA determined by Kaplan-Lipmann's method was markedly reduced, whereas it was slightly decreased by injection of Dihydrostreptomycin (DSM) and Cephalothin (CET) 20Omg/kg daily for 10 days. 2) The hepatic CoA values determined by Kaplan -Lipmann's method and Wakil's method after injection of large dosis of CP, PC -G and DSM were decreased in paralell. From these results it was presumed that these antibiotics had decreasing effect on not only hepatic CoA but also its precursors. 3) The hepatic CoA was also slightly reduced by administrations of Cyclophosphamide and Chromomycine A_3 as similar as antibiotics.View full abstractDownload PDF (709K) -
Takuji OTSUKAArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 146-151
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, it was confirmed that some antibiotics, especially chloramphenicol (CP), decreased the contents of hepatic CoA and its precursors in young rats. In the present paper the effect of CP on synthesis of CoA in rat liver was studied in vivo and in vitro. 1) The simultaneous administration of CoA, pantethine or calcium pantothenate during the period of CP injection did not reveal the recovering effect on the reduced level of CoA. This decreased CoA content caused by CP returned near normal on the 3rd day after discontinuation of CP injection. 2) The activity of CoA synthesizing enzyme from phosphopantetheine in the rat liver was determined at 24 hours after 10 day's serial injection of CP 100mg/kg/day. No significant effect of CP on this enzyme was observed. However, the in vitro synthesis of CoA via this pathway using the enzyme preparation from normal rat liver was markedly inhibited by addition of CP.View full abstractDownload PDF (647K) -
Kisaburou TAKAHASHIArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 152-158
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAssay method for transketolase in the extract of rat liver and Escherichia coli was investigated by using the Racker's method. Pentose phosphate isomerase prepared from backer's yeast extract contained a small amount of transketolase after acetone and ammonium sulfate fractionations. However, the contaminating triose phosphate in the "isomerase product", i.e., the substrate for transketolase, obtained enzymatically from ribose-5-phosphate was reduced to the minimum by a short-time incubation(5-10 min) of the isomerase reaction. By using this substrate and a crystalline mixture of α-glycero-phosphate dehydrogenase and triose phosphate isomerase, the transketolase activities in the samples could be estimated with the change in the absorbance at 340 mμ due to NADH oxidation. The addition of Mg^<2+> and TDP to the reaction mixture was essential for E. coli extract to exhibit the full activity, while it was not necessary for rat liver extract.View full abstractDownload PDF (620K) -
Hisashi ISHITANI, Kazuyoshi SATO, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Saburo FUKUIArticle type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 159-167
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGrowth and corrinoid production of Rhodospirillum rubrum were studied in media containing various organic acids as carbon source and precursors of corrinoid molecule under the following cultural conditions : (I) anaerobic in the dark; (II) anaerobic in graded intensities of light; (III) aerobic in the dark. The major corrinoid formed in the cells was confirmed as 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, irrespective of the cultural conditions, by its electrophoretic behaviors at varing pHs and by its conversion to aquocobalamin by irradiation. In addition, several corrinoids, including cobinamide or its coenzyme form, were detected on the bioautograms using E. coli 215 as test organism. Addition of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole or adenine to the basal medium used enhanced corrinoid production 1.5〜2 times, indicating transformation of the incomplete forms to the complete ones. Under the cultural condition (I), the bacterial growth was very low but the amounts of corrinoids produced per unit weight of cells as well as specific contents of the vitamin in the cells were high as compared with those under other cultural conditions. Under the photosynthetic condition (II), although the growth rate as well as cell yield was enhanced as the intensity of illumination was raised, the production of the vitamin was lowered by increasing the light intensity beyond a certain high level and the specific content in the cells of the maximal growth period was diminished in inverse proportion to the light intensity. The aerobic-dark cultivation (condition (III) resulted in a similar growth to and a higher vitamin production than those under the anaerobic conditions with a moderate illumination . In each cultural condition, the productivity of corrinoids was high in the cells of earlier growth phases and diminished markedly after the middle exponential period. Glutamate or mesaconate used as a sole carbon source permitted the bacterial growth and enhanced the cellular content of corrinoid. In relation to the demonstration of a B_<12>-dependent glutamate mutase and methylmalonyl CoA mutase in Rsp. rubrum (published elsewhere), functions of B_<12>-participating pathways in the photosynthetic bacteria were discussed with special reference to the biogeneses of the cellular components including bacteriochlorophyll and corrinoid itself.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
Kenji MASUKAWA, Akiko NAKAMA, Hiroaki MONAKA, Takeshi KONDO, Kentaro O ...Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 168-175
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate distribution of PAL, PAL-P, PAM and PAM-P in the living body after oral administration of B_6 derivatives, the authors studied the adsorption and elution of four types of B_6 for Dowex 1×8 and Amberlite CG-120 and established the following fractional determination method. When the blood was deproteinized with trichloroacetic acid and the solution was charged on Dowex 1×8 column previously equilibrated at pH 4.0. PAL-P was selectively adsorbed. On the other hand, PAL, PAM and PAM-P were not adsorbed by the resin but passed through completely. Dowex effluent was adsorbed to Amberlite CG -120 (pH 4.0) . Then PAL, PAM and PAM-P were separated with 0.1_M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), 0.4_M Na_2 HPO_4 solution and 0.4_M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) respectively. PAM and PAM-P were transformed to PAL and PAL-P with Na-glyoxalate. PAL-P adsorbed to Dowex 1×8 was eluted with 0.1_M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) containing M NaCl. PAL and PAL-P were determined as 4-pyridoxic acid lactone and pyridoxic acid-5' -phosphate, respectively. When 2 mμmol of four types of vitamin B_6 were added to 1 ml of milk and plasma the recoveries of PAL, PAM and PAM-P were 95 to 104%, by the above method, but that of PAL-P was consistently 90%. The sums of the four types of B_6 in blood after oral administration of various B_6 derivatives in rabbits were 80 to 120% of total amount of B_6 obtained by a biological assay using Sacch. carlsbergensis.View full abstractDownload PDF (824K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 176-179
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (441K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 180-
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (165K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 180-181
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (313K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 181-
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (198K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 181-182
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (332K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 182-
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (183K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 182-183
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (334K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 183-
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (200K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1971 Volume 44 Issue 3 Pages 183-184
Published: September 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (309K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|