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Volume 42 (1970)
- Issue 6 Pages 349-
- Issue 5 Pages 261-
- Issue 4 Pages 209-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 65-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 3
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Hajime HAMAMOTOArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 141-149
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntraperitoneal as well as oral administration of pyridoxine 50mg/100g to rats resulted in a 2 to 3-fold rise of hepatic tyrosine transaminase (L-tyrosine 2-oxaloglutarate aminotransferase EC 2. 6. 1. 5.), the maximum activity being attained 4 hours after administration. This rise was also observed by intraperitoneal injection of other vitamins such as B_1,B_2 or nicotinic acid. Bilateral adrenalectomy curtailed the rise by pyridoxine or pyridoxal administration but still a 150 per cent increase of the activity was observed on 2 to 4 days after the operation, while injection of pyridoxamine and other vitamins had no effect on the adrenalectomized rats. The induction of tyrosine transaminase, which is according to kenney^<6)> due to an increased rate of its de novo synthesis, was no more seen on the 7th day after adrenalectomy. The inductibility was restored by the pretreatment of rats wite hydrocortisone 5mg/100g 15 hours before the injection of pyridoxine. This phenomena together with the fact that the day course of change of induction by pyridoxine after adrenalectomy seems to reflect that of serum corticosterone of adrenalectomized rats as reported by Fazekas, supports the conclusion that the induction of tyrosine transaminase by pyridoxine is a secondary change mediated by glucocorticoid. (Received June 13,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (784K) -
Yoshiko ADACHIArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 150-156
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLiver transketolase activity, liver total lipid content, and plasma NEFA level were measured in the rats fed with thiamine-deficient diet of standard or high fat content and of low or high protein content. The transketolase activities were significantly low in thiamine-deficient rats, but were almost normal in the rats fed with thiamine-supplemented diets or when the rats were put under starvation. The activities recovered to normal when the thiaminedeficient rats received thiamine, although the lowest recovery rate was seen when the rats had been fed with low protein, thiamine-deficient diet. Liver total lipid contents decreased, and plasma NEFA levels increased only in the late stage of thiamine deficiency. Injection of thiamine was followed by marked increase in the lipid, and indefinite change in NEFA levels. The roles of fat and protein in the metabolism of thiamine-deficient condition were discussed. (Received June 16,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (743K) -
Atsuko NAKAMURAArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 157-164
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProperties of the uptake system of thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) have been investigated in Escherichia coli (J. Vitaminol. 16,39 (1970)). TPD was taken up by the cells of E. coli and was accumulated mostly as thiamine diphosphate (TDP), but not as TPD. The time course of TPD uptake was similar to that in thiamine uptake, but the rate and amount of TDP accumulation in the cells were always less than those in thiamine uptake. The TPD uptake was found to be an energy-, temperature-and pH-dependent process, which followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics ; apparent Km was 3.0×10^<-6>M. Pretreatment of the cells with N-ethylmaleimide resulted in inhibition of the rate of TDP accumulation much stronger in TPD uptake than that in thiamine uptake. A thiamine transport-negative mutant of E. coli (KG 900), which is defective in a thiamine specific carrier protein and contains a normal level of thiamine kinase, could not accumulate TDP in the cells when incubated with TPD. From these results the process of TPD uptake in E. coli is different from that in red cells which take up TPD by simple diffusion or in yeast cells which do not take up TPD. It is concluded that, in E. coli, TPD is transported into the cells through the thiamine specific uptake system after reduction to thiamine on the surface of the cell membrane. (Received June 17,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (800K) -
Shoji YAMADA, Yasuko YOKOYAMA, Shuichi KIMURAArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 165-170
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of elucidating the physiological significances of intrinsic factor, B_<12> adsorption to intestinal mucosa homogenate of unweaned (aged 48 hours) and adult rats was compared. It was shown that in the unweaned rats, any material having intrinsic factor activity for the intestine of adult or unweaned rats itself was not secreted from stomach. This observation was confirmed by the findings of histological investigation that chief cells of the fundus portion of the stomach was still undeveloped. In these animals, adsorption of B_<12> to intestinal preparation seemed to be independent on intrinsic factor and was not affected by the presence of Ca^<++> ion. On the other hand, omission of Mg^<++> ion reduced the adsorption both in unweaned and adult rats. The amount of B_<12> adsorbed to intestinal preparation of unweaned rats as expressed by μg/kg body weight was from 4 to 10 times greater than that of adult rats. The high capacity of intestinal preparation of unweaned rats to adsorb B_<12>, considered as the first step of B_<12> absorption, may be concerned in efficient B_<12> absorption in unweaned rats. It should be probable that the epitherial cells of small intestine of unweaned rats can uptake indiscriminately various substances which have considerably big molecularsize. The results of the experiment to investigate the effects of bivalent cations on B_<12> adsorption suggested that so-called sequential uptake may occur. (Received June 27,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (812K) -
Kumiko OOIZUMI, Sachiko MORIUCHI, Norimasa HOSOYAArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 171-175
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComparative study of vitamin D_3-induced calcium binding protein (BP) was carried out with intestinal mucosa of rat, chick, frog, pig, and carp. The intestinal homogenate in tris buffer, containing 1.37×10^<-2>_M tris-HCl pH7.4,0.119_M NaCl, 4.74×10^<-3>_M KCl and 9.85×10^<-5>_M glucose, was centrifuged 31,000×g for 30 minutes at 0℃. The resulting supernatant was heated at 60℃ for 5 minutes, and then filtered. The filtrate was analyzed for calcium binding activity using ^<45>Ca equilibrated Sephadex G-25 column and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Calcium binding protein (Ca-BP) was demonstrated in the examined animals. Ca-BP of rat, chick and frog showed the same electrophoretic band which was dependent on vitamin D_3. Ca-BP of pig and carp showed high calcium binding activity compared with the formers, but the electrophoretic band was not observed around the identical region of the formers. Calcium binding protein would be varied with the animal species. (Received June 29,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
Kiyoko KITAGAWA, Atsuko NAKANO, Toshizo KIMURA, Kiku MURATAArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 176-181
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeteropyrithiamine (compound without side chain in the pyridine molecule of pyrithiamine) and pyrimidinylnicotinic acid (monocarboxy-derivative of heteropyrithiamine) injected intraperitoneally to rats showed no antithiamine effect on body weight, thiamine value of liver and blood, urinary thiamine, and pyruvic acid value of blood. However, severe toxic effect was observed when such larger amounts of heteropyrithiamine as 4.3mg per rat were injected, but not with the equivalent amounts of pyrimidine and pyridine moieties, and also with pyrimidinyl nicotinic acid. The mechanism of the toxic effect of heteropyrithiamine was discussed. (Received June 23,1970)View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
Noriko IITOYO, Sachiko MORIUCHI, Norimasa HOSOYAArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 182-186
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVitamin D_3 effect on the uridine-5-^3H incorporation into RNA was studied with rat intestinal mucosa. Uridine-5-^3H (20μCi/50g) was administrated intraperitoneally to vitamin D-deficient rat. Radioactivity in serum and intestinal mucosa reached maximum values in 15 minutes, and then decreased. Uridine-5-^3H incorporation into the RNA of intestinal mucosa rised up within 15 minutes and kept its level at least for 3 hours. Rats received orally 2000 IU of vitamin D_3 1 hour before the isotope injection and uridine-5-^3H was administrated intraperitoneally 2 hours before the sacrifice (50μCi/50g bodyweight). Vitamin D_3 did not affect the total content of RNA in mucosa cell. RNA ratio in subcellular fraction, microsomes : nuclei ; supernatants ; mitochondria, was about 4 : 3 : 2 : 1,and this ratio was not different from that with vitamin D_3 administration. The labeled uridine incorporation into the total RNA containing in an intestinal mucosa was also not influenced with vitamin D_3. However, the incorporation into the RNA of nuclei and supernatants was increased and that of microsomes was decreased with the administration of vitamin D_3. From the results, vitamin D_3 would stimulate the turnover of mRNA and sRNA, and also control the permeability of nuclear membranes to RNA.View full abstractDownload PDF (512K) -
Yukio SUZUKI, Kei UCHIDA, Toshio MIYAKEArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 187-192
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was observed that strains of Sarcina having the activity of forming pyridoxine-α-glucoside, when grown in the medium containing sucrose as a carbon source and riboflavin, produced a remarkable amount of riboflavin-α-glucoside in the culture filtrate. Moreover, the production of pyridoxine glycoside-like compounds was found in partially purified enzyme preparations from Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Aspergillus niger and Mucor javanicus, and in crystalline β-galactosidase from Escherichia coli having the activity of forming riboflavin-glycosides.View full abstractDownload PDF (630K) -
Tsuneyuki NAKAZAWA, Kikue YOSHIBA, Masashi TAKASUGIArticle type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 193-197
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNTS cell-line is a pure colonal clone separated from mass culture cells of newborn rat cerebellum which were maintaining in continuous cultivation since 57 months. This cell-line was cultured in such a way that this appeared to be dependent upon vitamin B_<12>. Methionine was replaced by homocysteine in the medium and the cells survived and proliferated only when vitamin B_<12> was added. The terminal reaction in methionine biosynthesis involves the transfer of a methyl from methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine. The cells were harvested at the indicated time intervals and assayed for this methyltransferase activity as described in Weissbach's method. The levels of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase activity were elevated in maximum level in 24 hours incubation. Elevated enzyme levels were also observed in cells cultured in the medium containing methionine. These levels were not related with the addition of homocysteine. This only occured when vitamin B_<12>, especially methyl-B_<12> was also included in the medium. The activities of this methyl-transferase wer enot elevated on cell-free system with vitamin B_<12>, and inhibited on NTS-cells in the medium containing puromycin with vitamin B_<12>. It is assumed from above results that the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase in NTS cells might be induced directly by the vitamin B_<12>.View full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
Kooichi SUZUKI, Tomohisa IKEDA, Minoru TOHDA, Nobuo TANAKA, Haruto UCH ...Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 198-202
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn investigation of natural occurrence of cobalamin in human serum and urine by chromatographic microbioassay, it was revealed that CH_3・B_<12> in serum, and CH_3-B_<12> and CN-B_<12> in urine were found as the major forms of occurrence. It was confirmed on incubation of urine with ^<57>Co-CH_3・B_<12> that CN・B_<12> fraction was not transformed from CH_3・B_<12> in vitro during the procedure. Following the intramuscular injection of 1,000μg of CH_3・B_<12> to man, the level of cobalamin in the serum apparently increased, amounting up to 33.5 to 53.0 mμg/ml, and after 48 hours it turned back to normal value. As to the excretion of cobalamin in the urine after administration of CH_3・B_<12>, it was found that 34.7 to 43.2% of cobalamin was excreted in the first day and practically no more in the following days. The forms of cobalamin in the serum two hours after the administration of CH_3・B_<12> were found to be CH_3・B_<12> fraction in 80% of total cobalamin activity, and others in fractions of OH-B_<12>, DBCC and CN・B_<12>. The majority of cobalamin activity in the urine 24 hours after the administration were found to be CH_3・B_<12> fraction, but a little activity in OH-B_<12> fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (586K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 203-
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (170K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 203-204
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (311K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 204-205
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (325K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 205-
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (186K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 205-206
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (281K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1970 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 206-
Published: September 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (140K)
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