VITAMINS

STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF THIAMINE AND THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE ON THE EEG OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN

Eiji HAMAMOTO, Makoto INABA, Eiji OKA, Minoru OHNO, Tsuruichi BAN, Shu ...

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 145-154
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_145

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In order to investigate the influence of large amounts of thiamine and thiamine propyldisulfide on the function of human brain, especially those of mental defectives, these compounds of 3mg/kg body weight were given intravenously to 16 children (9 of thiamine group and 7 of thiamine propyldisulfide group) with various types of mental deficiency, and electroencephalographic effects were studied before and after the injection. The results are briefly summarized as follows : 1) The frequency analysis of waking occipital EEG was done by means of an automatic frequency analyzer. As a result, no difference between before and after the injection was noted in each group. 2) The mean visual evoked potential of waking occipital EEG was recorded by means of a medical data processing computer, and peak latency periods were compared between before and after the injection. As a result, no difference was noted in each group.

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METABOLIC RELATION BETWEEN NUCLEOSIDES AND VITAMINS : (XV) EFFECTS OF INOSINE AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS ON THE XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY AND THE INCORPORATION OF RIBOFLAVIN IN RAT-LIVER, ALSO ON THE URINARY EXCRETIONS OF URIC ACID AND ALLANTOIN

Tatsuyuki SUGAWARA, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHI

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 155-161
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_155

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In the previous paper, the authors reported the increase of rat-liver xanthine oxidase activity on oral administration of inosine, followed by the incorporation of riboflavin into the tissue. Further experiments were made for the elucidation whether the increased amounts of oral inosine supplementation ranging 1〜5mg/day are more effective, and it was found that there may be some positive significance in the enzymic system. Using the diet containing more than 15% of protein, the increase of the rat-liver xanthine oxidase activity was demonstrated, while it was non-effective in case of less than 15% of protein. When other purine nucleosides orally administrated, the increase of the rat-liver xanthine oxidase activity was also demonstrated, followed by somewhat accumulation of riboflavin in the tissue. Finally, metabolic fate of inosine was studied by estimating the urinary excretion of allantoin, uric acid and others. No urinary increase of uric acid while allantoin was always increased. From the above data, the authors have studied on the biological value allantoin/(urea×intake of protein), and it was concluded that inosine and related compounds may contribute to the induced enzymic reaction in rat-liver xanthine oxidase system.

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FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR VITAMIN B-COMPLEX BY CUP-PLATE TECHNIQUE : (XIV) A MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY METHOD FOR NIACIN BY CUP-PLATE TECHNIQUE USING LACTOBACILLUS ARABINOSUS

Masako YAMADA

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 162-167
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_162

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A microbiological assay method for the quantitative determination of niacin in natural materials by a cup-plate technique using Lactobacillus arabinosus was presented. The assay conditions for this method were proposed as follows. Assay medium : Iwai's uniform medium for microbioassay of the B-vitamins with 1% purified agar, 1.5mm plate thickness, pH 6.0 to 7.0. Niacin solution : pH 6.0 to 6.5. Inoculum size of test organism : 0.025 OD in final. Incubation : 37℃, 20 to 24 hours. Under these conditions a reproducible and sharply defined growth zone in the assay plate was steadily obtained and there was a linearity of the doseresponse to pure niacin solution over a wide range of 0.125 to 16 μg per ml. In the statistical evaluation of the results the probable errors amounted to only 5 to 8%. The results of niacin content in the several samples from animal and vegetable sources estimated by the plate method and by turbidimetric ones were nearly equal and the recoveries of the added vitamin were satisfactory enough except for the case of a few sample. Also, the dose-response line for all samples used hardly had any drift from that for pure niacin solution. These results suggest that the cup-plate method is applicable to the detection of niacin in the biological materials, and is suitable for the routine assay of large numbers of samples.

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STUDIES ON MYOINOSITOL : (IX) EFFECT OF MASSIVE DOSES OF MYOINOSITOL ON THE METABOLISM OF FREE- AND BOUND-MYOINOSITOL IN THE LIVER OF YOUNG RAT

Akira KOTAKI, Torao SAKURAI, Misao OKUMURA, Kunio YAGI

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 168-175
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_168

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When young rats were injected intraperitoneally with a large amount (40 mg/rat) of 2-^3H-myoinositol (1.5×10^5 cpm/mg), a temporal change in the concentration of free inositol was observed in the blood and its concentration in the liver rapidly increased to a level 1.5-2 times higher than the normal, which was maintained for fairly a long time. However, the change in the specific radioactivity of free inositol fraction was temporal in the liver, whereas it was duarable in the blood. In the liver microsomes was observed a rapid synthesis of radioactive phosphatidylinositol in the early stage after the injection, but it was not accumulated in these organelles. In mitochondria, production of such"transferable"phosphatidylinositol was not observed. From the viewpoint of the lipotropic nature of myoinositol, some discussions were made on the possible role of this"transferable"myoinositol producible in microsomes.

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SEPARATION OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS BY GEL FILTRATION : (I) BEHAVIOR OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS ON COLUMNS OF SEPHADEX LH 20

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 176-180
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_176

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SEPARATION OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS BY GEL FILTRATION : (I) BEHAVIOR OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS ON COLUMNS OF SEPHADEX LH 20

Fumio UEDA, Teruo MAKINO, Atsumi KAZAMA, Youko TOYOHIRA

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 180-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_180

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The behavior of fat-soluble vitamins on Sephadex LH 20 column using organic solvents was examined. The successful separations between vitamin A alcohol and α-tocopherol, vitamin A alcohol and vitamin D_2,and vitamin A alcohol and vitamin A palmitate were obtained by gel filtration utilizing Sephadex LH 20 as the beds and chloroform as the eluting solvent.

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PHOTOLYSIS OF VITAMIN K_1 : (III) DEGRADATION IN BENZENE SOLUTION (3) CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF SPOT 4〜6 SUBSTANCES

Masahiko OHMAE, Goichiro KATSUI

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 181-189
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_181

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The products of the photolysis of vitamin K_1 in benzene solution were subjected to thin layer chromatograpy using silica gel and chloroform as solvent to give colored spots with Rf of 0 (spot 4), 0.21 (spot 5) and colorless spot with Rf of 0.56 (spot 6) along with other spots. Spot 5 and 6 were elucidated as 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-6,7-benzocoumaran-3-one and phytone, and spot 4 was revealed to be polymer which had the same structure as spot 5.

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PHOTOLYSIS OF VITAMIN K_1 : (IV) DEGRADATION IN OILY STATE AND ALCOHOL SOLUTION

Masahiko OHMAE, Goichiro KATSUI

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 194-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_194_4

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Vitamin K_1 and its alcohol solution were irradiated with ultraviolet light and their photolytic products were subjected to thin layer chromatography using silica gel and chloroform as solvent. The chromatogram of them were nearly the same as of benzene solution, but the area of spot 5 (Rf 0.21) was much larger than spot 5 of benzene solution. These substances were isolated from the degradation products by chromatographic technique and it was elucidated that these substances were K_1-hydroperoxide, K_1-hydroxide, phthiocol, 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-6,7-benzocoumaran-3-one, phytone and polymer.

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EFFECT OF HYDROXYMETHYLPYRIMIDINE ADMINISTRATION ON THE SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS FROM GLUCOSE-U-^<14>C IN RAT BRAIN

Teizo FUKUSHIMA

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 195-202
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_195

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The free amino acids and glucose in rat brains at the preconvulsive stage induced by hydroxymethylpyrimidine were determined separating by high voltage paper electrophoresis as well as measuring the isotopic incorporation from glucose-U-^<14>C. The absolute levels of amino acids at the stage were not varied from the control, but the isotopic incorporation of glucose-U-^<14>C was considerably inhibited. The inhibition ratios of incorporation among individual amino acids were almost equal and the metabolic disturbance of glucose in whole body was deduced. These metabolic changes in the drug-treated rats were not restored by the concomitant administration of pyridoxal-HCl which protected at the dose the convulsion completely.

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GENETIC MAPPING WITH A THIAMINE PYRIMIDINE-REQUIRING AUXOTROPH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI K-12

Takashi KAWASAKI, Ikunosuke MIYATA, Masakazu OTSUKI

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 207-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_207_2

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A mutant (KG 659) requiring thiamine pyrimidine for growth has been isolated from Escherichia coli K-12 by nitrosoguanidine treatment. An Hfr strain (KG 6593) corresponding to the mutation in KG 659 has been obtained by the three-step procedure. In a cross of KG 6593 (Hfr CMP^- Arg^+ Met^+ Ilv^+ His^+ Str-s) with AB 14501 (F^- OMP^+ Arg^- Met^- Ilv^- His^- Str-r) the recombinants Arg^+ Str-r, Met^+ Str-r, and His^+ Str-r were selected and the inheriting Hfr alles in the recombinants were scored. It was demonstrated that the OMP gene corresponding to the mutation in KG 6593 is found to be very closely linked to Arg and Met genes, which are located just adjacent to the B_1 and Th genes already known on the chromosome of E. coli, but not to the His gene.

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STUDIES ON THIAMINE-8-(METHYL-6-ACETYL-DIHYDROTHIOCTATE) DISULFIDE : (IV) DECAY OF α-LIPOIC ACID AFTER THE ORAL ADMINISTRATION INA LARGE DOSE OF TATD

Shinichiro KAWASHIMA, Junitsu SAITO, Ikunosuke MIYATA, Taro NAKATA

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 212-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_212

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The amounts of α-lipoic acid in whole blood of man and rat were estimated by microbiological assay with Streptococcus faecalis after the oral administration of TATD and lipoamide in a large dose. In rats, the lipoic acid values in the blood estimated with time after the administration were highest at 15 minutes in both cases. The 15 minutes value of TATD loading showed far larger ones than those of lipoamide loading at same molar doses of 5,20 mg equivalent to lipoic acid per kg body weight, while at a dose of 80 mg equivalent, lipoamide loading gave a larger value of lipoic acid in blood than TATD loading. In man, the amounts of blood lipoic acid of TATD loading were 14 and 8 times as much as those of lipoamide loading at 15 and 30 minutes after the administrations, respectively. These findings suggested the difference of absorption mechanism between TATD and lipoamide and the superiority of TATD absorption in a certain dose. This assumption was confirmed by the human experiments of TATD-^<35>S and lipoic acid-^<35>S administration in which ^<35>S excretion in 24 hour-urine after TATD administration showed 70% of TATD-^<35>S administered equivalent to 100 mg of lipoic acid while the urinary ^<35>S excretion after lipoic acid-^<35>S administration was 40%. However, lipoic acid amounts responded to Stc. faecalis in 24 hour-urine were only 0.4% of TATD-^<35>S and 0.3% of lipoic acid-^<35>S administered.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 213-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_213_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 213-214
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_213_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 214-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_214_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 214-215
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_214_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 215-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_215_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 215-216
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_215_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 216-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_216_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 216-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_216_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 216-217
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_216_3

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 217-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_217_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 218-
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_218_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1969 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 218-219
Published: March 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.39.3_218_2

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