VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 54, Issue 12
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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  • The Effect of Vitamin A Deficiency on the Activity of Several Enzymes Involved in the Uric acid Synthesis Pathway in Liver of Chicks
    Shigeshi KIKUNAGA, Tadahiro TADOKORO, Shoichi MASUSHIGE, Takao SUZUKI
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 537-544
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_537
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Newly-hatched chicks were fed a diet with (control group) or without (deficient group) vitamin A, by pair-feeding based on the deficient group, for 26 days. During the feeding, the activities of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase [EC 2.4.2.14] involved in purine nucleotide de novo synthesis, glutamine synthetase [EC 6.3.1.2] which functions to form glutamine from glutamate and NH_3, and of five enzymes (5'-nucleotidase [EC 3.1.3.5], purine nucleoside phosphorylase [EC 2.4.2.1], adenosine deaminase [EC 3.5.4.4], guanine deaminase [EC 3.5.4.3], and xanthine dehydrogenase [EC 1.2. 1.37]) involved in purine nucleotide catabolic pathways in the liver were assayed in each group at the several stages of vitamin A deficiency, and also uric acid concentrations in blood were determined. The results obtained showed that, at an early stage of vitamin A deficiency, the activities of all enzymes assayed in the deficient group were markedly in-creased compared with those of the pair-fed control group. Similarly, an increase of uric acid in blood of chicks with vitamin A deficiency was observed. These results suggest that vitamin A might be involved in the regulation of protein metabolism in chicks.
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  • Influence of Vitamin B_2 Deficiency on Lipid Metabolism in Skin and Liver, and Effect of FAD, Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate Supplementation in Rats
    Katsuyuki TAKEDA, Masaaki KURAMOTO, Tetsuo KIMURA, Koji KNISHI, Hideo ...
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 545-554
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_545
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    In order to investigate the influence of vitamin B_2 deficiency on the lipid metabolism in skin and the effect of FAD, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and FAD+PLP supplementation during recovery in rats, skin surface lipids and composition of fatty acids in epidermis and liver of rats were estimated. Following results were obtained. 1. The total amounts of skin surface lipids were decreased in deficient rats. In the ratio of' each lipid fraction to the total lipids, neutral lipids were decreased, while total cholesterol was increased and squalene was increased remarkably. By supplying FAD or FAD+PLP to deficient rats, squalene ways decreased remarkably, but on neutral lipids and total cholesterol, these effects were not clear. 2. Vitamin B_2 deficiency decreased the percentage of C_<16:0>, C_<16:1> and C_<18:1>, and increased the percentage of C_<18:0>, C_<18:2> and C_<20:4> in fatty acid of epidermal lipids. Administration of FAD or FAD+PLP to viamin B_2 deficiency brought about improvement of the abnormal fatty acid composition. The administration of FAD+ PLP was more effective than it of FAD alone on the improvement of C_<20:4> Proportion. PLP was ineffective. 3. The ratio of C_<20:4> to C<18:2> in phospholipids elevated according to deficiency, which was not improved by FAD or PLP alone but was recovered by FAD+PLP.
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  • The Correlation of Vitamin B_2 and B_6 in the Tissues of Vitamin B_2 and B_6 Deficient Rats
    Katsuyuki TAKEDA, Masaaki KURAMOTO, Satoshi CHIDA, Hideo TANAKA, Teruo ...
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 555-561
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_555
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    The inter-relationship between vitamin B_2 and B_6 was investigated using vitamins B_2. B_6 and B_2-B_6 double deficient rats. 1. Vitamin B_2 deficiency produced increase in the activities of GOT and GPT in epidermis and that of GPT in liver but had no effect on vitamin B_6 levels in tissues. 2. Vitamin B_6 deficiency produced increase in the level of vitamin B_2 in liver but had no effect on the activities of glutathion reductase (GR) in tissues. 3. Vitamins B_2-B_6 double deficiency produced decrease in the activities of GPT and the levels of vitamins B_2 and B_6 in all tissues examined, while the activity of GR was only decreased in erythrocyte. 4. By feeding vitamin B_2 to B_2-B_6 double deficient rats, the body weight gain and histological skin lesions were slightly improved, compaired to vitamin B_2 deficient ones but were inferior to vitamin B_6 deficient ones; the activity of GR in erythrocyte and the level of vitamin B_2 in epidermis were not recovered to the control level.
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  • Histological and Electron Microscopical Changes of the Adrenal Cortex in the Rats Fed Vitamin E Deficient and Linoleic Acid Supplemented Diet
    Noriko AKAZAWA, Teru TAKANOHASHI, Shin-ichi MIKAMI, Motohiko SANO, Shi ...
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 563-572
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_563
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    Four groups of rats were fed vitamin F. deficient or supplemented diets containing 5.6% or 15.6% linoleic acid, respectively, for 100 days. The histological changes of the adrenal cortex of these. rats were examined. The results obtained are as follows : 1) The cortical cells of zona glomerulosa of the vitamin E deficient rats did not show remarkable changes but those of the rats fed vitamin E deficient and linoleic acid supplemented diets showed decreases of cell size and increase of lysosomes and lipofuscin. 2) The cells of zona fasciculata of the vitamin E deficient rats reduced in size and contained enlarged mitochondria, large lipid droplets, many lysosomes and less developed endoplasmic reticula. 3) The cells of zona reticularis of the vitamin E deflcient and linoleic acid treated rats atrophied remarkably and contained large amount of lipofuscin which seems to be developed from lysosomes, accumulating the degenerated cytoplasmic organelles and lipoidal substances. Some cells were filled with large mass of degenerated mitochondria and a few lipid droplet. Many macrophages containing a large amount of lipofuscin were observed in the zona reticularis of these rats. 4) The ACTH secreting cells of the pituitary gland of vitamin E deficient rats were enlarged.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 573-576
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_573
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 577-
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_577_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 577-578
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_577_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 578-
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_578_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 578-579
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_578_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 580-
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_580_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 580-581
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_580_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 581-582
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_581
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 582-583
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_582
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 583-
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_583
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 585-586
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_585
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 586-587
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_586
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 587-588
    Published: December 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.54.12_587
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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