VITAMINS
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Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 26, Issue 6
Displaying 1-35 of 35 articles from this issue
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  • ENZYMATIC STUDIES ON SYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION OF L-ASCORBIC ACID IN ANIMAL TISSUES : (II) BIODEGRADATION OF L-ASCORBIC ACID
    Yasuo KAGAWA, Yoshitake MANO
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 399-410
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_399
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    Degradation of L-ascorbic acid proceeds from dehydroascorbic acid, which is in turn hydrolyzed irreversibly by liver supernatant fraction to form 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid. This heat labile degradative factor was purified about 10-fold. The preparation had no esterase activity, but the activity was accompanied by lactonase I activity, The low activity of this dehydroascorbic acid hydrolysing enzyme in primates is correlated with the slow rate of ascorbic acid metabolism in these species. 2,3-Diketo-L-gulonic acid is further degraded nonenzymatically under aerobic condition to L-threonic acid, oxalic acid and carbon dioxide. Enzymatically, however, this compound is decarboxylated by 2,3-diketoaldonic acid decarboxylase forming isomeric products, L-lyxonic acid and L-xylonic acid. This enzyme was purified about 50-fold from rat liver supernatant. The products were identified as a form of benzimidazole crystals. Further metabolism of these three L-aldonic acids produced from ascorbic acid was also examined. The significance of ascorbic acid degradation was discussed.
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  • STUDIES ON OROTIC ACID : (IV) THE EFFECT OF OROTIC ACID ON NITROGEN BALANCE AND WEIGHT OF ORGANS IN OPERATIVE STRESS
    Takeo KINOSHITA, Yoshizumi YAMAGUTI, Hiroshi MOTOYAMA, Takeshi HASHIZU ...
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 411-417
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_411
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    In albino rats fed on synthetic diet and a nonprotein diet, the administration of orotic acid supressed the decrease in body weight caused by the operative stress. The postoperative negative nitrogen balance on the protein depleted rats was remarkably improved by the administration of orotic acid and it was revised more evidently by the addition of orotic acid to all amino acids than the latter only. The postoperative edema of organs in the rats was improved by the adminstration of orotic acid. In rats reared on the synthetic diet containing 100mg of orotic acid per 100g for 100 days, fatty liver was not observed patho-histologically.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN A DETERMINATION BY THE BENZENE EXTRACTION METHOD : (I) ON THE RESULT OF VITAMIN A DETERMINATION IN DRUGS BY THE CO-OPERATIVE EXAMINATION
    Yukio NAKAJI
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 417-422
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_417
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    The benzene extraction method of vitamin A assay, introduced by F.J. Mulder of Philips-Duphar, was compared with the J.P. VII method in 16 laboratories, applying to several kinds of preparations : J.P. vitamin A referance standard solution, dry formed vitamin A, jelly, powdered multivitamins and cod liver oil. The benzene extraction method gave 2% higher value than the J.P. VII method in oil types, and 3〜5% in solid types. The results suggest that benzene dissolves into ethanol・water layer in some extent, and consequently vitamin A is concentrated in benzene layer. In both methods, absorption curves of extracts by ether or benzene were similar in isopropanol and also standard deviations of assay values were not significantly different, Instrumental error was examined by determination of the absorbance of a solution of 2-phenylazo-p-cresol in isopropanol with 17 spectrophotometers. The standard deviation of the absorbance (about 0.5) at 325 mμ was about ±1%.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN A DETERMINATION BY THE BENZENE EXTRACTION METHOD : (II) ON THE CONCENTRATION OF VITAMIN A IN THE BENZENE LAYER IN THE EXTRACTION PROCESS OF UNSAPONIFIABLE MATTERS
    Yukio NAKAJI
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 422-425
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_422
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    The concentration of vitamin A in the benzene layer, described in the previous report, was found to depend upon the volume of water used for the separation of the benzene layer in the extraction process of unsaponifiable matters. A constant volume of benzene together with vitamin A palmitate was shaked with various volumes of ethanol and water, and the concentration of vitamin A palmitate in the benzene layer was observed. When the ratio of ethanol : benzene : water was 20 : 50 : 20 and 50 : 50 : 100,the concentration of vitamin A palmitate was 1.1 and 3.3% higher than the initial concentration, respectively. The use of 20 ml of ethanol and 40〜80 ml of water, when 50 ml of benzene was used, gave the best results for constancy of the concentration of vitamin A palmitate in the benzene layer. However, when 50 ml of ethanol was used, a large quantity of water or benzene was necessary to be employed. The use of 20 ml of ethanol, 50 ml of benzene and 60 ml of water gave assay values similar to those obtained by the J.P. VII method for several kinds of preparations.
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  • STUDIES ON THE ELUTION OF VITAMIN B_<12> ADSORBED ON ION EXCHANGERS
    Seiichi YAMAGIWA, Eiichi EBATA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 425-429
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_425
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    The procedures for the elution of vitamin B_<12> adsorbed on ion exchangers may be performed in two ways. The one is the physical method and the organic solvent is used for the loosening the binding between ion exchanger and vitamin B_<12>. The other is the chemical method and the alkaline salt of week acid is used for ion exchange reaction. The authors studied the elution velocity and the equilibrium relation about above two methods.
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  • ADSORPTION OF VITAMIN B_<12> ON ION EXCHANGERS
    Seiichi YAMAGIWA, Chyozo OGURA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 429-434
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_429
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    We have endevoured to extend the application field for ion exchangers. Though the electrostatic force diminishes as the pH decreases, it was found that the adsorptive force of vitamin B_<12> to the ion exchange resin increased in spite of lower pH. This fact shows that ion exchangers can be applied not only for ion exchange reaction but also for physical adsorption. Some experiments were presented to prove that vitamin B_<12> might be adsorbed through hydrogen ion of the ion exchangers.
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  • EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS UPON METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12> : (I) PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENT AND METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12> IN NORMAL RATS
    Shin-ichi UEDA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 434-439
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_434
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    The author intended to investigate systematically, the vitamin B_<12> absorption and its urinary excretion under endocrine disorders, using Wistar strain rats which were administered ^<60>Co-labeled vitamin B_<12> intragastrically or subcutaneously. The results obtained in normal rats were as follows : When 0.05 μg of B_<12>-^<60>Co was given intragastrically, the intestinal absorption amounted to 66.4±4.6% with male but to 39.8±1.0% (P<0.05) with female. The urinary excretions were 3.32±0.49% and 3.86±0.66%. The uptake by liver was 4.23% and 4.38%, and the renal uptake was 4.09% and 4.71% respectively. Co-administration of saline extract of gastric mucosa of Wistar strain rats as source of intrinsic factor with B_<12>-^<60>Co, enhanced the intestinal absorption up to 70.7±1.5% in male rats i. e. an increase being not significant. After subcutaneous administration of 0.04 μg of B_<12>-^<60>Co in male rats, intestinal excretion measured by feces amounted to 16.3±0.5%. The urinary excretion was 3.82±0.55%, and the uptake by liver and kidney was 7.01 and 8.47% respectively.
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  • EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTION UPON METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12> : (II) STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF HYPOPHYSEO-THYROIDAL FUNCTION UPON METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12>
    Shinichi UEDA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 440-448
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_440
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    The effects of TSH and thyroxin on the metabolism of vitamin B_<12>-^<6〓>Co were studied on male Wistar strain rats. The absorption of orally administered B_<12>-^<6〓>Co was decreased following sither hypophysectomy or thyroidectomy, giving the rates of 47.7±2.8 and 38.4±5.0%, respectively, as compared to 66.4±4.6% in normals. These diminutions could be corrected with TSH or thyroxin, but not with intrinsic factor. In hyperthyroidal state, there was no remarkable difference in the absorption pattern. The fecal excretion of radioactivity following subcutaneous administration of B_<12>-^<6〓>Co increased to 19.3% after thyroidectomy, and decreased to 13.0% after thyroxin administration, when as it was 16.3% in controls. The urinary excretion of radioactivity was correlated with intestinal absorption at oral adminiatration test, and no remarkable hormonal effect could be found after subcutaneous administration test. The hepatic uptake of B_<12>-^<6〓>Co decreased in thyroidectomized state and increased in hyperthyroidal state, but after an excessive administration of thyroxin the hepatic uptake tended to decrease, though no effect was seen upon renal uptake. It could be concluded that the intestinal absorption of vitamin B_<12> was disturbed both in thyroidectomized and in hypophysectomized rats. And further it seems probable that the disturbance of vitamine B_<12> metabolism in hypophysectomized rats may be due to the loss of thyroidal function.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 448-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_448
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  • EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS UPON METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12> : (III) STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF HYPOPHYSEO-ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTIONS UPON METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B_<12> IN RATS
    Shinichi UEDA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 449-458
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_449
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    The absorption of orally administered vitamin B_<12>-^<60>Co was decreased after hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy, giving 47.7±2.8 and 52.5±3.3%, respectively, as compared with 66.4±4.6% in controls. These decreases could not be corrected with intrinsic factor. The decrease in adrenalectomized rats could be corrected with corticosterone, but that in hypophysectomized with simultaneous administration of intrinsic factor and ACTH. In hyperadrenocortical state, there were no remarkable differences. The intestinal excretion of radioacitvity following subcutaneous administration of B_<12>-^<60>Co did not change definitely. The urinary excretion of radioactivity was correlated with intestinal absorption at oral administration test, but in the byperadrenocortical state it showed a tendency to increase. No hormonal effect, however, was seen upon the hepatic uptake of B_<12>-^<60>Co. The renal uptake did not show any change by hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy, but increased by corticosterone loading test. It can be concluded that, the intestinal absorption as well as the metabolism of vitamin B_<12> in vivo is disturbed by adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy, and these disturbances can be corrected with either the administration of corticosterone or co-administration of intrinsic factor with ACTH. It is suggested that the disturbance in hypophsectomized rats may be due to the loss of adrenocortical function.
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  • STUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THIAMIN-DEGRADING BACTERIA IN CHICKENS
    Tadayoshi ONO, Ichiro TAKAI, Hazime HISHIOKA, Kanichiro INADA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 458-462
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_458
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    Three kinds of thiamine-degrading bacteria were found in chicken feces sampled in Osaka city. Thirteen strains of Bacillus thiaminolyticus, 2 strains of Bacillus aneurinolyticus and 3 strains of Clostridium thiaminolyticum were isolated from 160 specimens of the feces. The Bacillus thiaminolyticus obtained was inoculated orally to the chickens from whom the bacillus had been isolated. It was found that the number of bacteria administered was reduced daily, without any production of thiaminase of the feces.
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  • DECOMPOSITION OF THIAMINE-DERIVATIVES BY ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION
    Chikataro KAWASAKI, Isamu DAIRA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 462-465
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_462
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    Thiamine is sensitive to ultraviolet ray of the wave-length below 296mμ and it is decomposed into its pyrimidine-moiety (Okumura : Vitamins 24,158,1961). It was demonstrated that 1 mg% thiamine-HCl solutions of pH 1,4.5 and 6 are stable and remain unchanged after their 49 hours' irradiation by black light lamp having the maximal spectral energy at 365 mμ. whereas dibenzoylthiamine shows a gradual degradation on irradiation by black light lamp. Modified thiamine compounds of each 1 mg% (equivalent to thiamine-HCl) in alcohol indicate more or less rapid decomposition by the same procedure of irradiation. After irradiation for 6 hours, thiamine disulfide and its derivatives are decomposed to the extent over 60%, while S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate, carbethoxythiamine and dicarbethoxythiamine are somewhat resistant to the irradiation, showing 60-80% recovery of the compounds. Thiamine, deoxythiamine and thiothiamine in alcohol are quite stable and only 5% of thiothiamine is decomposed after 6 hours' irradiation. 0.1% O-benzoylthiamine disulfide in alcohol is irradiated until 76% of the compound is destroyed and the reaction-mixture is fractionated by means of Amberlite IRC-50-resin column to an amine fraction, from which 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine is isolated as its picrate and identified.
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  • STUDIES ON FLAVIN : (VI) NITROGEN EXCRETION OF RIBOFLAVIN -DEFICIENT RAT
    Hisateru MITSUDA, Fumio KAWAI, Benichiro TONOMURA
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 466-469
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_466
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    The body weight of riboflavin-deficient rat increesed 0.9 to 1.0g per day for 3 weeks after the beginning the test, and then decreased gradually. The weight of paired feeding normal rat, however, increased 1.4 to 1.9g and 0.4 to 0.5g, respectively. When each group received abruptly the protein-free diet, the weight of normal rat decreased markedly, while that of deficient rat decreased a little or not. The amounts of total nitrogen and urea in urine did not differ between the normal and riboflavin-deficient groups during the period when the animals received the diets with added protein. Furthermore, the decreasing patterns of those contents were not different between two groups when the animals were fed the protein-free diets. In addition, the weight of liver and total protein per body weight increased in the riboflavin deficient rat compared with the normal rat as reported previously. These facts indicate that the food protein was not utilized effectively in the riboflavin deficient animal, and the protein may be accumulated in the specific organ, probably in liver, without excretion in urine. Thus the effect of riboflavin deficiency can be explained on the basis of suppression of anabolism but not increment of catabolism.
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  • CHEMICAL STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_<12> AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS : (VII) PAPER-ELECTROPHORETIC EXAMINATION ON COBAMIDES IN PROPIONIBACTERIUM SHERMANII CELLS CULTIVATED IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROXOCOBALAMIN OR CYANOCABALAMIN
    Shoichi SHIMIZU, Tadakatsu KATO
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 470-472
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_470
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    When Propionibacterium shermanii was cultivated in the presence of hydroxocobalamin or cyanocobalamin, most of activities for Escherichia coli 215 was found to exist in the cells. In order to determine the forms and the quantities of the E. coli-active substances, paper-electrophoresis-microbiological tube assay technique was used. Preparation of extracts from the cells and paper-electrophoresis were carried out by means of the same precedures as described previously. The results obtaind showed that at least four kinds of cobamides existed in the cell-extracts. The most active substance was most quickly moving towards cathode and seemed to be Barker's DBCC. Isolation and characterisation of four cobamides above mentioned will be presented in the future.
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  • CHEMICAL STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_<12> AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS : (VIII) INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SELECTION OF CULTURE MEDIA FOR PRODUCTION OF 5,6-DIMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLYLCOBAMIDE COENZYME WITH PROPIONIBACTERIUM SHERMANII
    Tadakatsu KATO, Shoichi SHIMIZU
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 472-475
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_472
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    Some investigations were undertaken on improvement of culture medium for production of DBCC by cultivating Propionibacterium shermanii with added precursors. About 20% increase of cell growth was attained by omitting casamino acid and tryptose from Bernhauer's medium and by adding a kind of fish soluble (tuna extract) to the medium. It was found that glucose was more excellent carbon source than lactose or lactic acid. Using the modified medium, cultivation of Pr. shermanii in the presence of added hydroxocobalamin was made for 10 days and 1.5 g (on dry weight) of cells were obtained per 1 l of broth. More than 80% of total E. coli-activities were found to be present in the cells, mainly as DBCC form.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINASE DISEASE : (VII) ON SELECTIVE MEDIUM FOR BACILLUS THIAMINAESEUS CHANG AND ITS CLOSELY RELATED BACTERIA
    Shohai CHANG
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 475-477
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_475
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    The medium for the differentiation of Bacillus thiaminaeseus with other relating Bacillus was devised by adding the bromthymol blue to starch nutrient agar. On this medium the acid production is positive for B. thiaminolyticus, B. avei or B. circulans, though is negative for B. thiaminaeseus, B. aneurinolyticus, B. laterosporus or B. brevis. Bacillus thiaminaeseus forms quick spreading greenish blue colony on this medium, while B. thiaminolyticus and other related Bacillus form nonspreading chrome yellow colony, and the both can be distinctly differentiate each other. It is supposed to be recommended for the easy and reliable medium for the isolation of B. thiaminaeseus.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 478-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_478_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 478-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_478_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 478-479
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_478_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 479-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_479_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 479-480
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_479_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 480-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_480_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 480-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_480_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 480-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_480_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 481-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_481_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 481-482
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_481_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 482-483
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_482
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 483-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_483_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 483-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_483_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 483-484
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_483_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 484-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_484_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 484-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_484_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 484-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_484_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 484-485
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_484_4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1962 Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 485-
    Published: December 25, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.26.6_485_1
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