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Volume 30 (1964)
- Issue 6 Pages 417-
- Issue 5 Pages 341-
- Issue 4 Pages 271-
- Issue 3 Pages 195-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 30, Issue 4
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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Hideo HIGASHI, Tokugoro KANEKO, Seinosuke ISHII, Munehiro USHIYAMA, Ta ...Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 271-275
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRainbow trout reared with fat-free diet for three months, the posterior part of the fish body was observed getting discolored and hardened. The posterior fin was worn out and, in some extreme cases, the fin was observed almost disappearing leaving the terminal of spinal column. Many of the fish died. Diets containing 50 or 200 μg per g of body weight per day, of any of such fatty acid esters as ethyl linoleate (I), ethyl linolenate (II) and ethyl ester of polyunsaturated fatty acids (III) never caused the above symtoms. Of the above three diets III was the most excellent in the accumulation and efficiency of the diet with minimum mortality of the fish. II was the next and I was the last of the three. In each ester, 200μg of dose showed the better effect than 50 μg, though a further experiment may be necessary to determine the minimum requirement of these fatty esters. Remedial effect of the esters was observed on the fish of deficiency symptoms which had been reared with fat-free diet for two months. III was found most effective, followed by I, and II in this order.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
Eiko MIYAZAWA, Akio MAEKAWA, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 276-279
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has previously been studied the formation of deoxyadenosine from adenosine by washed cell suspension of Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 7830. In the present paper, the studies on the formation of deoxyinosine from nucleic acid related compounds by bioautography were presented. Inosine, hypoxanthine, hypoxanthine-D-ribose, hypoxanthine-deoxyribose, adenine, adenine-D-ribose, adenine-deoxyribose were effective for the formation of deoxynucleoside-like substances, but a single addition of D-ribose or deoxyribose was almost ineffective.View full abstractDownload PDF (392K) -
Tadayoshi ONO, Masahiro KAWASAKIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 280-284
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were made on separation and detection of vitamin B_<12> by thin layer chromatography. It has been found that in the case using Aluminium oxide G as the adsorbent and glacial acetic acid・water・methanol・chloroform・n-butanol (1 : 4.5 : 5 : 10 : 25) as the solvent system for development, cyanocobalamin was completely separated, but not hydroxocobalamin. On the other hand using Silica gel G (Keiselgel G) as the adsorbent and gracial acetic acid・water・methanol・chloroform・n-butanol (9 : 11 : 5 : 10 : 25) as the solvent system, vitamin derivatives could be successfully separated, i.e. hydroxocobalamin as Rf 0.05,cyanocobalamin as Rf 0.23,unknown substance as Rf 0.33 and thymdine as Rf 0.7. Detection of spots was made by bioautography on the plate using vitamin B_<12> assay agar medium and Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 7830 as a test organism. The detectable minimal amount, using Silica gel G and Aluminium oxide G was found to be 0.005 and 0.025 mμg cyanocobalamin respectively, a far higher sensitivity than chemical procedure (200mμg).View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Yoshio ITO, Gunichi KURATAArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 285-288
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty mg of glucose per tube was sufficient to reach a maximal growth after the incubation for 18 hours, when varied amounts of glucose were added to MaciasR's broth with 33.6 mμg thiamine-HCl. Glucose could be replaced by maltose or fructose but the growth by lactose was inferior to that by glucose. Glucose could not be substituted by xylose but xylose with glucose stimulated the growth better than glucose alone. When glucose was present in the broth, ribose was better but lyxose or arabinose was weaker than xylose in stimulating the growth of lactobacilli.View full abstractDownload PDF (431K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Sumio SHINODAArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 289-293
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEither carbethoxythiamine (CET) or thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD) is stronger in stimulating the growth of Kloeckera apiculata than equimolar thiamine-HCl, but the mode of action is different : CET, when preincubated with Taka-enzyme in the broth, showed the same growth stimulation as that with thiamine or Taka-enzyme treated carbobutoxythiamine. TPD, when preincubated with cysteine in the broth, stimulated the growth better than thiamine with cysteine. TPD, if preincubatad with a suspension of Kloeckera in saline, is easily reduced to thiamine and the yeast centrifuged showed the same growth as that preincubated with thiamine. As shown previously, CET is adsorbed in Kloeckera as CET and the adsorbed yeast showed better growth than thiamine-adsorbed yeast. CET itself gradually reverted into thiamine in the yeast, while TPD when it was added to the broth was quickly reduced to thiamine and yet it is more effective in stimulating the growth than thiamine. Growth-stimulating effects of the two compounds seemed to be based on different mechanisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (502K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKi, Tomio ICHIKAWAArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 294-298
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThiamine-disulfide (TDS) can be reduced to thiamine by papain (Sahashi, Y., Shibazaki, H. : J. Ag. Chem. Soc. Japan 25,57,1950). When TDS or thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD) was incubated with papain at pH 7,25℃ for one hour, formation of thiamine was proportional to the amount of papain added and nearly the equimolar amount of thiamine was obtained from both compounds. The enzymatic activity of papain on α-benzoyl-L-arginineamide after the incubation with TPD or TDS was markedly different. The activity with TPD was about one-tenth of that with TDS. The inhibition of papain activity by other asymmetric disulfide of thiamine such as TTFD or TATD was greater than that by TDS. 50% inhibition of 5mg papain after incubation at pH 7.4,25℃ for 30 minutes was observed with 0.1 μmole TPD or 1 μmole TDS but no inhibition by thiamine or diacetylthiamine. Formation of papain-thiamine complex was demonstrated as a thiochrome-positive spot by paper chromatography of the incubated papain with TDS but no papain-thiamine complex was proved from the incubated papain with TPD. When TPD-S^<35> was incubated with papain, S-propylmercapto-papain complex was demonstrated after its dialysis. By the addition of cysteine the inhibited activity of papain after incubation with TPD was completely recovered to the initial activity of papain.View full abstractDownload PDF (547K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Tomio ICHIKAWA, Yoshiaki KAKIYEArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 299-303
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs shown in the previous paper, asymmetric disulfides of thiamine are inhibitors of papain and also have been proved to be specific inhibitors to yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) : When 2 mg of purified YADH was incubated with 1μmole TPD at pH 6 or 7 for 3 hours, the activity was reduced to 68% or 60% of the initial one but the activity with TDS, diacetylthimine (DAT) or thiamine was slightly reduced when incubated at pH 6 or 7. On incubation at pH 8,TDS and DAT showed 64% or half inhibition while thiamine itself inhibited YADH to the extent of 20%. The inhibition with TPD was recovered halfly by addition of 100μmole cysteine. Formation of thiamine by incubation of YADH with TPD or TDS was equimolar in either compound but it was negligibly small by that with DAT at pH 6 or 7. Formation of thiamine was greater at pH 8 in each compound but was not proportional to the inhibition in the cases of TDS and TPD. Thiamine was also demonstrated on incubation of inactivated YADH by either heat or preservation for long time with TPD. Formation of YADH-thiamine complex was demonstrated by means of paper chromatography only on the incubated YADH with TDS, but not with TPD. Formation of S-propylmercapto-YADH by incubation of YADH with TPD was indirectly proved by detection of S-propylmercapto-cysteine on paper chromatogram of the incubated YADH when it was reduced cysteine.View full abstractDownload PDF (549K) -
Ryohei YAMADA, Tadakatsu KATO, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Saburo FUKUIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 304-311
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the transformation of a 1,2-diol to a deoxyaldehyde catalyzed by cobamide coenzyme, the reaction mechanism is supposed to be a direct hydrogen shift because of the absence of deuterium in the aldehyde prcduced in D_2O. It appears interesting to study whether the reaction may proceed through a transition state involving a substrate-coenzyme complex as an active intermediate. This paper deals with the syntheses and properties of several analogues of cobamide coenzyme containing hydroxyalkyl group linked to the cobalt atom. Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropyl-, Co-β-hydroxypropyl-, and Co-hydroxyethylcobalamins were prepared by reacting glycerol α-monochlorohydrin, propylene bromohydrin and ethylene chlorohydrin with hydridocobalamin, respectively. Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropylcobinamide was synthesized by the reaction of gycerol α-monochlorohydrin with a reduced product of codinamide with NaBH_4. Absorption spectra of the three hydroxyalkyl derivatives of cobalamin were similar to those of cobamide coenzymes or Co-alkylcobalamins, e. g. Co-methylcobalamin, and the spectrum of the hydroxyalkyl cobinamide was analogous to those of cobinamide coenzyme or Co-alkylcobinamide. These four compounds, alike cobamide- and cobinamide coenzymes, were very unstable in light and almost completely decomposed. When allowed to stand in the dark in 0.017 M KCN solution, they only partly converted to dicyano-forms alike the alkyl derivatives. Hydroxyalkylcobalamin, for example β, γ-dihydroxypropylcobalamin, showed almost equal activity on vitamin B_<12>-requiring microorganism. However, these compounds did not only exhibit the coenzyme activity, but also exerted an inhibitory effect, alike the alkyl derivatives, in the Abeles・Lee's dioldehydrase system. From the result it would be concluded that the hydroxyalkyl derivatives of cobamide coenzyme so far tested are not the active intermediate of the diol・deoxyaldehyde conversion system.View full abstractDownload PDF (864K) -
Ryohei YAMADA, Tadakatsu KATO, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Saburo FUKUIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 312-317
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported that DBCC is readily decomposed by illumination to hydroxocobalamin and adenosine-5'-aldehyde or adenosine-5'-carboxylic acid under aerobic conditions and 8,5'-cyclic adenosine under anaerobic conditions. The finding that methylcobalamin acts as a methyl donor in methionine formation leads a hypothesis that a fission of Co-C linkage followed by a ligand exchange takes an important role in the coenzyme action of DBCC. This paper deals with the photochemical decomposition of Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropylcobalamin, synthesized previously by the authors, (1) under the bubbling of air, (2) in the presence of dissolved oxygen, (3) in the nitrogen atmosphere, and (4) in the presence of NaBH_4. The irradiation products formed from the dihydroxypropyl group were as follows : (1) glyceric acid, (2) glyceraldehyde and glycerol, (3) glycerol and a small amount of an unidentified substance and, (4) glycerol. The decomposition routes of dihydroxypropylcobalamin under the aerobic conditions is considered to be analogous to those of DBCC. The formation of glycerol is not consistent with the formation of 8,5'-cyclic-adenosine but is similar to the formation of methanol in the photochemical decomposition of methylcobalamin reported by Weissbach et al. The reaction mechanism may be interpreted on the formation of vitamin B_<12r> and dihydroxypropyl free radical by the homolytic fission of Co-C bond.View full abstractDownload PDF (725K) -
Tadakatsu KATO, Yoshikuni TAMAO, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Saburo FUKUIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 318-323
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the properties of vitamin B_<12>-active substances produced by the incubation of washed cells of Lactobacillus leichmannii with an excess amount of hydroxocobalamin for 24 hours at 37℃. The vitamin B_<12>-active substance in the bacterial cells, though the amount was only 0.5% of the total vitamin B_<12> in the incubation mixture, showed the similar behaviors to those of DBCC in spectrophotometry, paper and ion exchange chromatographies and paper electrophoresis. The vitamin B_<12>-active substances in the supernatant were separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography to a pass-through fraction D-1 and a retained fraction D-2. The former behaved analogously to DBCC in paper electrophoresis performed at the pH levels, 2.5,3.5 and 7.0,respectively. Its absorption spectrum and the changes caused by either illumination or cyanide treatment were similar to those of DBCC. The latter, eluted from DEAE-cellulose with 0.1M acetate buffer (pH 4.7), showed the analogous spectroscopic behaviors to DBCC as well as D-1,but less cationic characters in paper electrophoresis at several pH levels. Both D-1 and D-2 exhibited the coenzyme activities in Abeles・Lee's diol dehydrase system, though somewhat smaller than that of DBCC. It remains unsolved whether the activities of these fractions were substantially small or lowered by the contaminated impurities, e. g. hydroxocobalamin.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Ryoji HAYASHIArticle type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 324-330
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe taxonomy of Cl. thiaminolyticum was discussed. The conclusion of the author is that many strains including original ones of Cl. thiaminolyticum are thiaminase positive strains of Cl. sporogenes.View full abstractDownload PDF (921K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 331-
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (184K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 331-332
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (341K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 332-333
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (357K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 333-
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (196K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 333-334
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (343K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 334-
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (198K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 334-335
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (345K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 335-
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (199K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1964 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 336-
Published: October 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (169K)
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