VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 83, Issue 9
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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  • Quantum effect in regeneration reaction of vitamin E
    Shin-ichi Nagaoka, Aya Ouchi, Takuhiro Kakiuchi, Keishi Ohara, Kazuo M ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 521-527
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_521
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recent studies on the kinetics of the regeneration reactions of vitamin E in solutions by means of stopped-flow spectroscopy confirmed that the quantum effect often plays an important role. Vitamin E may inhibit the autooxidation of lipids in cellular membranes by taking advantage of proton tunneling. It is interesting that the microscopic quantum-mechanical tunneling effect manifests itself in a macroscopic vital function. Although this finding is in conflict with our intuition at first glance, living cells might, in reality, know quantum mechanics very well and use them effectively.
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  • Functional analysis of a novel NADH-dependent dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli
    Ryota Hidese, Hisaaki Mihara, Nobuyoshi Esaki
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 528-532
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_528
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the pyrimidine reductive pathway in mammals and plants, and catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of pyrimidines to 5,6-dihydropyrimidines. Although DPD homologs occur in many bacteria, their functions have not been clarified. We purified and characterized novel NADH-dependent DPD, PreT-PreA, from Escherichia coli K12 and NADPH-dependent DPD, PydX-PydA, from Pseudomonas putida. Biochemical and genetic studies revealed that PydX-PydA is the first enzyme of the pyrimidine reductive pathway in P. putida, but PreT-PreA is not involved in the reductive pathway in E. coli, suggesting PreT-PreA represents a novel class of DPDs.
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  • Bactericidal Effect of Fluorine-Containing Derivatives of Ascorbic Acid
    Akira Murata, Hidetoshi Tashiro, Kyoko Kawabata, Junko Ohmura, Fumio K ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 533-537
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_533
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The in vitro bactericidal effect of eight fluorine-containing derivatives of ascorbic acid (AsA) was investigated. 2,6-Bis-O-perfluorooctanoyl-AsA (No.8), 2,3-bis-O-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropyl)-AsA (No.10) and 2,6-bis-O-(7,H-dodecafluoroheptanoyl)-AsA (No.12) exhibited 10〜50 times greater bactericidal effect than AsA. In addition. Nos. 8, 10 and 12 exhibited bactericidal effect against AsA-insensitive bacteria. The reaction mechanism of bactericidal effects of Nos. 8, 10 and 12 was investigated. Bubbling oxygen through the reaction mixture enhanced the effect, while bubbling nitrogen inhibited it. Addition of H_2O_2 and transition metals to the reaction mixture enhanced the effect, while addition of reducing agents, chelating agents and radical scavengers inhibited it. The findings indicate that reactive oxygen species are responsible for the reaction mechanism. The increase in the bactericidal effect is attributed to the introduction at C(2) and C(3) or C(2) and C(6) of substituents containing highly electronegative fluorine.
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  • Protective effects of solublized wheat bran on gastric stress ulcer in rats
    Aiko Shojo, Minako Yoshizawa, Naohiro Mieda, Barla FLORIN, Naoki Harad ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 538-541
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_538
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    This research intends to clarify the protective effect of physical and enzymatic digested wheat bran against water immersion stress-induced ulcer in the rat model. Wheat bran was physically digested with autoclave (2.0kg/cm^3, 120℃, 1h; Solublized wheat bran A) and enzymatically digested with cellulase and pectinase (40℃, 10h; Solublized wheat bran B). Rats were fed standard diet or solublized wheat bran diet for 14 days. The contents of β-1,3-1,4-glucan of solublized wheat bran A and B were 1.0% and 3.3%, respectively. A protective effect against gastric ulcer in rats fed with solublized wheat bran diet were higher than that in rats fed with standard diet. The data reported here, together with the findings reported previously, suggest that protective effects of solublized wheat bran against gastric stress ulcer in rats are due to the β-1,3-1,4-glucans present in the solublized bran.
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  • Comparison of Nutrient Compositions of Organically vs. Conventionally Grown Vegetables [II] Komatsuna (Brassica campestris L.)
    Shizu Higasa, Yukiko Negishi, Masami Okuzaki, Amane Takeuchi, Kunihiro ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 542-546
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_542
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Nutrient component analysis and a sensory test were carried out on Komatsuna that was grown organically or conventionally in Saitama by four different farmers. The same species of Komatsuna was grown in the same area during the same growing season and period. The levels of nutrients per sample (100g of edible portion) were compared. The potassium level of organically-grown Komatsuna was higher (p<0.05) than that of conventionally-grown Komatsuna. In contrast, the level of threonine, one of the free amino acids, of conventionally-grown Komatsuna was higher (p<0.05) than that of organically-grown samples. The color of boiled conventionally-grown Komatsuna was darker (p<0.01) than that of boiled organically-grown Komatsuna. No significant differences were found in texture or taste between organically and conventionally-grown Komatsuna. Thus the same species of Komatsuna grown organically and conventionally in the same area during the same season exhibited very small differences in the parameters studied.
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  • Degradation of vitamin B_<12> in dietary supplements
    Keiko Yamada, Michiko Shimodaira, Seiko Chida, Noriko Yamada, Norio Ma ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 547-548
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_547
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Still a problem in a spate of thiamine deficiency-II : Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA)
    Mieko Kimura, Masaya Ikegawa
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 549-550
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_549
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Development of the studies on physiological functions of flavonoids
    Junji Terao, Takeshi Nikawa, Tatsuzo Oka
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 83 Issue 9 Pages 551-552
    Published: September 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.83.9_551
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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