VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 36, Issue 1

Displaying 1-45 of 45 articles from this issue

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RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN NUTRITION AND B-VITAMINS : (I) RETENTION OF B-VITAMINS IN ORGANS OF RATS ON FASTING OR PROTEIN FREE DIET

Kiku MURATA, Hideo IKEHATA, Hiroko KONO, Kimiko NAKAGAWA

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_1

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It was observed that thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin were not retained in the organs of rats on non-protein diet or fasting in the condition of nitrogen of the organs declined, even if enough amounts of these vitamins were intraperitoneally injected to the rats every day. Rates of the decrease of riboflavin and niacin in the liver of the rats were greater than loss of the liver nitrogen. However, it was observed that thiamine in the liver was decreased along with, or rather slowly than the loss of the liver nitrogen.

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RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN NUTRITION AND B-VITAMINS : (II) RIBOFLAVIN CONTENT OF ORGANS OF FASTING RATS GIVEN FAD

Kiku MURATA, Toshizo KIMURA, Akiko TAKENO

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 9-12
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_9

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It was observed that changes in riboflavin content of brain and liver of fasting rats intraperitoneally administered 600μg FAD (equivalent to 300μg riboflavin) were almost identical with the result of the previous work given 300μg riboflavin to rats. Namely, no change was observed riboflavin content of brain, but riboflavin content of the liver was decreased along with the decrease of liver nitrogen of rats given riboflavin or FAD. More than 99.8% were bound form of riboflavin in the liver, even if rats were fasted for 6 days.

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RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN NUTRITION AND B-VITAMINS : (III) URINARY EXCRETION OF B-VITAMINS AND THEIR RETENTION IN LIVER OF RATS ON AMINO ACID DEVOID DIETS

Kiku MURATA, Hideo IKEHATA, Mutsumi KATO, Yoko KAMATA

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_13

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Rats were paired fed the diet containing 10% complete amino acid mixture and each essential amino acid devoid diets for 8 days. Enough amounts of thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B_6,and niacin were intraperitoneally injected. Excretion of thiamine and vitamin B_6 from urine of the control and test diets groups was not much different, but those of riboflavin and N'-methylnicotinamide (MNA) in urine of the amino acid devoid group were fairly higher than those of the control group. It was presumed from the result that tryptophan normally used for protein synthesis was limited by the omission of one essential amino acid, then took a passway to NAD and excreted in urine as MNA more than that of the control group. Liver riboflavin content of rats fed the essential amino acid-devoid diet was generally lower than that of the control group. The tendency was greater in rats fed threonine or methionine devoid diet.

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FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR VITAMIN B-COMPLEX BY CUP-PLATE TECHNIQUE : (X) A MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY METHOD FOR VITAMIN B_<12> BY THE THIN AGAR PLATE TECHNIQUE USING A VARIANT OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

Takako ITAGAKI, Tohru TSUKAHARA

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_21

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Reproducible and sharply defined growth zones of the test organism were obtained under the following conditions of assay procedure. Assay medium : Johansson's medium with 1% agar, thin agar plate (0.75mm plate thickness), pH 7.5 to 8.5. Cyanocobalamin solution : pH 7.0. Inoculum density of test organism : 0.025 OD in final. Incubation : 37℃, 16 to 18 hrs. Under the optimal condition there was a linearity of the dose response to the standard solution of the vitamin over a wide range of 1 to 100mμg/ml. The statistical analysis of the assay results showed that the maximum errors of the estimate using 5 plates were below 20%. A thin agar plate method with a variant of E.coli may be available for the microbiological determination of cobalamin, though the organism has a disadvantage of a relative response to a certain amino acid, e.g., methionine.

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STABILIZATION OF VITAMIN C BY PHYTIC ACID AND ITS SALTS : (I) STABILIZATION OF VITAMIN C BY PHYTIC ACID

Soichi NIWA, Yoshiro JIMBO, Ryoichi KATAYAMA, Nobu KATAYAMA, Iku HATTO ...

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 28-30
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_28

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Stabilization of ascorbic acid solution by phytic acid in the presence of divalent metallic ions was studied. After heat treatment (at 85℃ for 10 minutes) of neutral solution of ascorbic acid containing phytic acid, 71.3,71.3 and 63.3% of the vitamin was remained in the presence of Fe^<2+>, Mn^<2+> and Cu^<2+>, respectively, however without phytic acid 45.7,48.0 and 29.7% was remained, respectively. These results show that oxidation of ascorbic acid is markedly inhibited by the addition of phytic acid. The effect of phytic acid was also observed by incubation at 40℃ for 24 hours in the presence of Fe^<2+> at neutral pH, but phytic acid had no effect at a pH range of commercial soft drinks (pH 2.0〜4.0). The amount of phytic acid required for stabilization of ascorbic acid depends on the content of coexisting metallic ions and at the maximum content of the metallic ions provided in the law of city water, about 0.5% of phytic acid is necessary for preventing degradation of ascorbic acid.

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STUDIES ON THE STABILITY OF THIAMINE AND ITS MODIFIED COMPOUNDS : (III) FRACTIONAL DETERMINATION OF THIAMINE AND O-ETHOXYCARBONYLTHIAMINE

Kunihei INAZU, Shigeyo NAKANISHI, Ryuichi YAMAMOTO

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 31-34
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_31

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Thiamine and O-ethoxycarbonylthiamine (OCET) are converted into thiochrome and O-ethoxycarbonylthiochrome (OCEThc), respectively by treatment with BrCN and a base such as NH_4OH and Na_2CO_3 (acylthiochrome method), whereas both of these thiamine compounds are converted into thiochrome by treatment with BrCN and NaOH (thiochrome method). Studies were made on the selective extraction of OCEThc in the presence of thiochrome, but failed. These findings suggested that fractional determination of OCET and thiamine might be difficult when acylthiochrome method was applied. Fractional determination of OCET and thiamine was successfully performed with usual thiochrome method in combination with thin layer chromatography using MN-300-Cellulose and the solvent system of n-butanol・acetic acid・water (4 : 1 : 5).

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STUDIES ON PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS : (XLVIII) STUDIES ON THE METABOLITES OF ETHOXYCARBONYLTHIAMINE DERIVATIVES

Akira TAKAMIZAWA, Kunihei INAZU, Shigeyo NAKANISHI, Hisako ITO, Hisao ...

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 35-39
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_35

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A method of fractional determination of thiamine and O-ethoxycarbonylthiamine (OCET) in urine by the conventional thiochrome method after the separation of each component by thin layer or paper chromatographic technique was described. Using this technique, it was investigated the urinary excretion of thiochrome reaction positive compounds following the administration of ethoxycarbonylthiamine derivatives. After oral administration of O, S-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) thiamine (DCET 400-500mg to men and dogs, about 30% of the dose was recovered in the 24 hours urine as thiochrome reaction positive compounds, in which thiamine and OCET were distributed in a ratio of 98 : 2. In the case of subcutaneous injection of OCET 400mg to dog, 78% of the dose was excreted and the ratio of thiamine and OCET was 96 : 4. When S-ethoxycarbonylthiamine (CET) 500mg was orally administered to dog, urinary output of the thiochrome reaction positive compounds was 38% of the dose. In this case, however, excreted amount of OCET was considerably greater than that of administered DCET or of OCET (thiamine : OCET=82 : 18). These findings suggested that DCET and OCET might be readily matabolized to thiamine, while CET might partly converted into a cyclic intermediate which was further converted into OCET in the course of excretion. This suggestion was supported by the easy conversion of CET into OCET in an aqueous solution incubated at 37℃ and pH 7〜8.

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CONVERSION OF THIAZOLEALANINE TO THIAZOLE MOIETY OF THIAMINE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

Atsuko FUJII, Kimiko ESAKI, Takashi KAWASAKI

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 40-44
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_40

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Thiazolealanine (α-amino-β-(4-methylthiazole-5-yl) propionic acid) was effective one thousandth as low as thiazole moiety of thiamine for growth of E.coli W, Th-less strain, and also it was effective only one ten thousandth as low as thiazole for reversion of L-phenylalanine action by which derepression of the thiamine biosynthesizing enzymes was brought in E.coli K_<12>. Enzymatic conversion of thiazolealanine to thiazole was demonstrated by incubation of a crude extract of E.coli with thiazolealanine, coupling with thiamine synthesizing system from OMP-pyrophosphate although only 0.01% of the substrate was converted to thiazole. From the results obtained, it was concluded that thiazolealanine as a direct precursor of thiazole might probably be excluded in E.coli.

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STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN KINASE AND FAD-PYROPHOSPHORYLASE : (I) DISTRIBUTION OF RIBOFLAVIN KINASE AND FAD-PYROPHOSPHORYLASE IN ANIMAL TISSUES

Osamu ANDO

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 45-48
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_45

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Riboflavin kinase and FAD-pyrophosphorylase have been partially purfied and separated from pig liver, by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation and the distributions of both enzymes in various organs and cell fractions were also demonstrated. Riboflavin kinase was particularly rich in mucous membrane of mouse small intestine, in contrast, FAD-pyrophosphorylase was abundantly distributed in spleen, liver, and heart. Among mammalian livers, the activity of FAD-pyrophosphorylase was the highest in human fetus liver, however, about one-sixth in normal adult liver and almost none in human hepatoma.

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STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN KINASE AND FAD-PYROPHOSPHORYLASE : (II) SEPARATION, PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE ENZYMES

Osamu ANDO

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 49-53
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_49

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Riboflavin kinase and FAD-pyrophosphorylase have successfully separated from bovine fetus heart by using DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography under a gradient elution with Tris-HCl buffer. Specific activity of each enzymes raised up to 20 (FAD-pyrophorylase) or to 82 fold (riboflavin kinase) comparing with those of the original extracts. The purified riboflavin kinase showed the optimal pH at 7.5,with the Michaelis constant of 5.03×10^<-5>M, and the activation energy was 13,180 cal/mole at 5 to 15℃, while in FAD-pyrophosphorylase, the optimal pH, Michaelis constant, and the activation energy were 8.2,2.56×10^<-4>M, and 4,521 cal/mole, respectively.

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STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF RIBOFLAVIN-TETRABUTYRATE : (I) STUDIES ON THE ABSORPTION AND EXCRETION OF RIBOFLAVIN-TETRABUTYRATE

Katsu TAKENOUCHI, Kazuo ASO, Hiroshi SUGAWARA, Hidekazu BANBA, Hiroshi ...

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 54-61
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_54

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Absorption, urinary excretion and incorporation of riboflavin-tetrabutyrate into FAD, FMN and riboflavin were investigated by using radioactive riboflavin-tetrabutyrate in which carbon in the 2 position of alloxazine was labeled. After oral administration, riboflavin tetrabutyrate and others, identified as rivoflavin tri-, di-, and mono-butyrate by paper chromatography were found in the serum of portal vein as well as in the liver, the kidneys and the skin. Incorporations of ^<14>C into FAD, FMN and riboflavin in the liver after oral and subcutaneous administration of equivalent amount of riboflavin-^<14>C, were found to be similar. The fact that relatively large amounts of not identified radioactive metabolites were found following oral administration of riboflavin tetrabutyrate-^<14>C suggests some different metabolism other than to be hydrolysed to riboflavin in the tissues.

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ON THE DIFFERENCES IN INCORPORATION OF RIBOFLAVIN-^<14>C AND ITS BUTYLATE-^<14>C INTO MOUSE ORGANS AS SHOWN BY AUTORADIOGRAPHY

Tsuneo NAKAMURA, Morimi SHIMADA, Satoru YOSHIDA

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 62-68
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_62

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Incorporation of riboflavin and its tetrabutylate into various organs of mouse and their excretion were invesigated using autoradiography after administration of ^<14>C compounds. Riboflavin-^<14>C administered intragastrically was absorbed rapidly from the intestine and incorporated into various organs. The maximum concentration of ^<14>C in the organs was observed 30min. to 3 hours after administration. Absorbtion of riboflavin butylate-^<14>C from intestinal epithelium, on the contrary, was not so rapid as that of riboflavin and incorporation into various organs was also delayed. The radioactivity once incorporated into the organs remained for a long time and even twelve hours after the administration, many grains were observed in various organs. Riboflavin butylate was also incorporated into brain much more than riboflavin and remained relatively for a long time.

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PROPERTIES OF COENZYME Q HOMOLOGUES AND THEIR DETERMINATION

Goichiro KATSUI, Masahiko OHMAE

Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 69-80
Published: July 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_69

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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 80-
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_80_1

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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 81-
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_81_1

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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 81-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 81-82
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 82-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 82-83
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 83-84
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 84-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 84-85
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 85-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 85-86
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 86-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 86-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 86-87
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 87-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 88-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 88-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 88-89
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 89-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 89-90
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 90-91
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 91-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 91-92
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 92-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 92-93
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 93-
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 93-94
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1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 95-
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Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 95-
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Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 96-
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Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 96-
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Article type: Article
1967 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 96-97
Published: July 25, 1967
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.36.1_96_3

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