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Kazuto Nosaka, Mari Onozuka, Yuko Kawasaki
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
377-385
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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The physiological significance of thiaminase II, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of thiamin, has remained elusive for several decades. The expression of THI20 gene family (THI20/21/22) and PET18 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced when the supply of thiamin is limited. The N-terminal domain of THI20 encodes 2-methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine (HMP) kinase and HMP-phosphate kinase involved in the thiamin synthetic pathway. On the other hand, the C-terminal domains of THI20 family proteins and the whole region of PET18 gene product are homologous to bacterial thiaminase II. We demonstrated that yeast thiaminase II activity is exclusively encoded by THI20. The THI20 gene product was found to effectively hydrolyze 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine, a presumed naturally occurring thiamin precursor, and phosphorylate the resultant HMP to give HMP pyrophosphate. We propose that the thiaminase II activity encoded by THI20 is involved in the thiamin salvage pathway by catalyzing the hydrolysis of HMP precursors in S. cerevisiae.
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Yumi Nakamura, Yuchio Yanagawa, Kunihiko Obata, Masahito Watanabe, Hir ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
387-394
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is an enzyme that produces γ-amino butyrate (GABA) from ^<L->glutamate. GAD is expressed as two independent gene products, GAD65 and GAD67. We have found that GAD67 is specifically expressed in the type III taste bud that is the only cell connected to the nerve cells. We also found that GABA is synthesized inside the taste bud and may activate chloride ion channel that can be a candidate for salt receptor. In this study, we have investigated the traffics how the substrate, glutamate, is coming into the taste bud and how the product, GABA, is utilized within the taste bud by using GAD67-GFP knock-in mouse tongue. We have employed immunohistochemical techniques and RT-PCR analyses to demonstrate the presence of glutamate transporter, GABA receptor and GABA transporter. We describe possible role(s) of GAD in the taste signal transduction.
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Akihiko Matsuda, Takahisa Takeda, Mieko Kimura
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
395-404
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Manganese (Mn) is an element used widely as the industrial raw material, and also is one of the essential trace elements for plants and animals. In recent years, the situation to administer the preparation of trace elements including manganese to prevent Mn deficiency has increased with the spread of total parenteral nutrition in the clinical field. Therefore, the knowledge of Mn as a nutrient is required in the clinical field. In this review, based on the recent findings, we outline the disposition, deficiency, excess, and nutritional assessment of Mn, and also introduce the current uses of Mn.
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Shin Ogata, Chieri Ida, Hiroshi Taguchi
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
405-407
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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Kazuo Sueki
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
408-410
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
411-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
411-412
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
412-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
412-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], Aikkarach Kettawan, Chitsopa Kunthida, [ ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
412-413
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
413-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
413-414
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
415-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
416-
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
416-417
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
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Article type: Bibliography
2008 Volume 82 Issue 7 Pages
418-421
Published: July 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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