VITAMINS
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Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 30, Issue 2
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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  • VITAMIN METABOLISM IN THE DERMATOLOGICAL FIELD
    Katsu TAKENOUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 95-99
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_95
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    Studies about the vitamin metabolism in the field of dermatology were carried out by observing the skin manifestations of the vitamin deficient animals. The results of estimation of thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine and lipoic acid concentration in blood and urine of various skin diseases showed considerable number of cases being in a sense on the metabolic disorder with these vitamins : keratosis, ariboflavinosis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc., were clinically observed and discussed. The presence of vitamin B group in the skin was histochemically proved. Absorption, utilization and excretion of thiamine and lipoic acid labeled with ^<35>S were also investigated. Reports on the ascorbic acid metabolism related with the pigmentation of the skin, histochemically and electrocolorimetrically, observed were added.
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  • EFFECT OF VITAMIN E ON THE COLD PRESSOR TEST
    Mitsuo KAMIMURA, Toru MATSUZAWA, Naoko SASAKI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 100-103
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_100
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    Experimental studies of the α-tocopherol on the cold pressor test were done. It was found that the α-tocopherol (daily 300-500 mg for 9-14 days) had the standardizing effect on the blood pressor response of the cold pressor test (5-15mmHg) except some diseases, namely reduced the pressor in case of neigher responses and elevated in case of lower.
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  • ABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B_<12> IN RELATION TO INTRINSIC FACTOR AND METAL IONS : STUDIED BY OKUDA'S INTESTINAL LOOP TECHNIQUE
    Akio HAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 104-110
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_104
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    The alleged role of metal ions in vitamin B_<12> absorption was studied in rat intestine by Okuda's loop method in which radioactive vitamin B_<12> and rat stomach extract or its purified fractions were employed. It was demonstrated that administration of ethylenediaminetetracetate drastically reduced intrinsic factor action on the absorption of small doses, whereas no such effect was obtained for the absorption of large doses. This absorption inhibiting effect was counteracted by Ca^<2+> and Mg^<2+> but not clearly by Zn^<2+>. EDTA exerted no direct effect on intrinsic factor activity when mixed in vitro and therefore must affect vitamin B_<12> absorption inside the gut.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_<12> ABSOTPTION IN HUMAN INTESTINE : (I) ABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B_<12> INJECTED THROUGH THE SEROSA AND INTESTINAL DISTRIBUTION OF INTRINSIC FACTOR ACTIVITY
    Katsumi SASAYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 111-115
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_111
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    [in Japanese]
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_<12> ABSORPTION IN HUMAN INTESTINE : (II) EFFECT OF CHELATION AND ITS RELATION TO METAL IONS
    Katsumi SASAYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 116-120
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_116
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    Radioactive vitamin B_<12> was infused into the upper jejunum with a jejunal tubing and absorption was estimated by Schilling test. The simultaneous administration of ethylenediamineteraacetate drastically reduced absorption of physiological doses of vitamin B_<12> but it exerted no effect on the absorption of supraphysiological doses. The absorption inhibiting effect of EDTA was counteracted by Ca, Mg and Sr ions, but not by ferrous, ferric and Zn ions. When a time interval was placed between the administion of vitamin B_<12> and EDTA, the effect of the latter was no more demonstrable after 3 hours interval. These data, as a whole, suggest that intrinsic factor descends from the stomach in the gut without totally losing activity, and effects absorption of vitamin B_<12> requiring divalent cations such as Ca and Mg.
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  • THE EFFECT OF METHYLMETHIONINE SULFONIUM OROTATE ON WOUND HEALING IN ANIMALS
    Takeo KINOSHITA, Yasutoshi DOI, Toshio MATSUOKA, Takeshi HASHIZUME, Se ...
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 121-125
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_121
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    In albino rats fed on a synthetic diet and a nonprotein diet, and in rats with the experimental liver damage, the administration of methylmethionine sulfonium orotate supressed the decrease in body weight caused by the operative stress, and exerted a stimulating effect on healing in contraction of skin wound. Methylmethionine sulfonium orotate injection also caused a slight promotion of healing in contraction and tissue tensile strength of skin wound in adult dogs whom liver had been damaged.
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  • METABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS IN VITAMIN ACTIVATION : (VII) SEPARATION OF 2'-DEOXYNUCLEOSIDES AND THEIR IDENTIFICATION BY VITAMIN B_<12>-REQUIRING STRAIN
    Eiko MIYAZAWA, Akio MAEKAWA, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 126-129
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_126
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    It is well known that the marked response of thymidine on the growth of the vitamin B_<12>-requiring strain, Lactobacillus leichmannii. In the present paper, additive effects of the other deoxyribonucleosides, 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyinosine were studied by L. leichmannii ATCC 7830,and the results are described. At first, it was found that positive influence of 2'-deoxypurinenucleosides on the growth of the strain was always demonstrated by paper chromatography and bioautography. The paper chromatography and bioautography for the separation and identification of 2'-deoxynucleosides and vitamin B_<12> were also successfully completed using 0.5〜2.5μg of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 0.05〜0.1mμg of vitamin B_<12> and water-saturated n-butanol as mobile phase.
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  • METABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS IN VITAMIN ACTIVATION : (VIII) FORMATION OF DEOXYADENOSINE FROM ADENOSINE BY CELL SUSPENSION OF LACTOBACILLUS LEICHMANNII ATCC 7830
    Eiko MIYAZAWA, Akio MAEKAWA, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 130-134
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_130
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    Formation of deoxyadenosine from adenosine by the washed cell suspension of Lactobacillus Leichmannii was first studied, and the best condition for the preparation of the compound was tested. The strain was previously cultured in a liquid medium for 16 hours. The cells thus prepared were collected, and to the washed cell-suspension were incubated the reaction mixture containing 1.1×10^<-2>M of adenosine in phosphate buffer (pH 6.4) at 37℃ without shaking. Thus, it was confirmed that adenosine may be convertible to the corresponding deoxyribonucleoside, deoxyadenosine.
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  • STUDIES ON THE URINARY TRANSAMINASE
    Masaru HAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 135-148
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_135
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    It was observed in patients with renal disease or hepatitis that the activity of urinary transaminase was high. In former, urinary transaminase increased with the exacerbation of the disease and with high proteinuria, but it had no relation with serum transaminase. In latter, the transaminase activity of urine increased with that of serum. GPT is somewhat resistant for heating in comparison with GOT, but for treatment with tryprin and lipase, GPT is more labile than GOT. The transaminase was found in β-globulin fraction of urinary protein and it is supposed that the transaminase in urine comes from the serum. An experiment in Masugi's nephritis of rabbit showed that the urinary transaminase activity increased with the rise of urinary protein, but that of serum was normal.
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  • STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESIZING ACTIVITY FOR VITAMIN A ESTERS IN SEVERAL TISSUES AND IN VARIOUS PARTS OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF RAT
    Makoto MINO, Harumi KASAHARA
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 149-153
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_149
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    The synthesizing activity for vitamin A esters in the several tissues of rat was investigated. The activity was high in pancreas, liver and intestinal wall, especially it was extremely high in pancreas. The synthesizing activity in intestine was found to be high as that of liver, but the hydrolysing activity for vitamin A ester was low. It suggests the role of the esterase of intestinal wall for the transport on vitamin A absorption. The distribution of the activity in the gastrointestinal tract was as follows : The activity was present in the intestinal wall, the higher the more upper in its position. The little or no activity was detected in stomach, caecum, colon and lower parts of intestine.
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  • PANTOTHENIC ACID AND COENZYME A CONTENTS IN ORGANS OF PANTOTHENIC ACID DEFICIENT AND FOLLOWING ITS ADMINISTERED RATS
    Masami HIRABAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 154-156
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_154
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    The young albino rats of the Wistar strain were fed on the pantothenic acid deficient diet and the states of deficiency and of recovery after the administration of calcium D-panto-thenate or DL-pantothenol were observed by their body weights. The levels of the vitamin in chief organs of the animals were measured by microbioassay using Lactobacillus arabinosus for free pantothenic acid and by enzymatic sorbyl-CoA formation for CoA. Both free pantothenic acid and CoA were reduced in a deficient state of 3 week's duration, especially the decease of free pantothenic acid was pronounced. In the recovery states after loading both pantothenic acid derivatives, the levels of free pantothenic acid of the both test groups were a little higher than that of the control group, while those of CoA were almost same as that of the control. No difference between two groups of loading Ca-pantothenate and pantothenol was found.
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  • ON THE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF FMN IN GREEN LEAVES
    Hisateru MITSUDA, Yasuko TOMOZAWA, Toshimichi TSUBOI, Fumio KAWAI
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 157-164
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_157
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    The level of flavin compounds (riboflavin, FMN, FAD) in green leaves will be controlled mainly by the levels of the enzymes which are concerned in vivo biosynthesis of flavins (riboflavin synthetase, riboflavin kinase, FAD pyrophosphorylase), and hydrolysis of FMN (acid phosphatase). These four enzymes localized in the cytoplasm of cell. In spinach, the activity of acid phosphatase was about 1000 times as much as that of riboflavin kinase (Table 1) in vitro. However, it was found that the hydrolysis of FMN was extremely retarded by the nucleotides, inorganic phosphate and metallic ions (Table 3,4 and Fig. 5). Moreover, the low affinity of FMN for the acid phosphatase and low content of it in green leaves may lead to decrease the rate of FMN hydrolysis in vivo. The properties of acid phosphatase concerned with the enzymatic hydrolysis of FMN are as follows : (1) Optimum pH value is near 5.5. The activity markedly decreases above pH 7.0 where the activities of the biosynthetic enzymes are optimum. (2) The Km value for FMN is 2.0×10^<-4>M. (3) The enzyme was inhibited by several metallic ions, especially with Zn^<2+> which is one of the essential factors for riboflavin kinase. (4) Nucleotides such as AMP, ADP, ATP, GTP, CTP or ITP and inorganic phosphate are potent competitive inhibitors. The authors also found that the enzymatic hydrolysis of inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) which was catalyzed by the 5'-nucleotidases of microorganisms was significantly inhibited by the presence of a small amounts of ATP. This observation may be worth to stabilize IMP added to manufactured food by the addition of nucleotides including ATP.
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  • ADDITIONAL STUDIES ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR LIPOIC ACID USING STREPTOCOCCUS FAECALIS 10C1
    Teijiro KAMIHARA, Yasu SAKO
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 165-167
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_165
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    Additional studies were made on the microbiological assay for lipoic acid with Streptococcus faecalis 10C1. Turbidimetry was recognized as the preferable method for assay to acidtitration. It was also found that high-blank was occasionally referable to casamino acids added to the basal medium. Lipoic acid in a dilute solution during acid extraction at 120℃ for 1 hour was protected by the addition of a reducing agent such as cysteine under nitrogen atmosphere. Assay for lipoic acid in the extracts containing "Factor K" (an unidentified growth stimulating substance for lipoic acid requiring microorganisms discovered by one of the authors) was successfully carried out by eliminating the factor with cation exchange resin.
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  • EFFECTS OF VITAMINS ON ELECTROLYTES METABOLISM IN CARDIAC MUSCLE OF EXPERIMENTAL CORONARY INSUFFICIENCY DOG
    Ichiro ICHIHARA
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 168-185
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_168
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    To clarify the relationship between cardiac energy metabolism and electrolytes changes in cardiac muscle, the author investigated the changes of the coronary A-V difference of electrolytes caused by the drip infusion of Ringer's solution and 10% sodium pyruvate solution. Then the differences between electrolyte contents in the normal and the experimental coronary insufficient dog were observed. Furthermore, the changes of the coronary A-V differences of electrolytes in the experimental coronary insufficient dog, and the effects of TTFD, TATD, cytocharome c, vitamin B_<15>-like substance, vitamin B_T, uridine on that coronary A-V differences were observed, too. Simultaneously the coronary A-V differences of pyruvate, lactate, α-ketoglutarate were determined. (1) When the normal dog was drip infused by 10% sodium pyruvate, the coronary A-V difference of electrolytes was improved in the beginning and followed by gradual disturbance. (2) Compared to the normal left ventricular tissue, the coronary insufficient left ventricular tissue was elevated in the contents of sodium, and decreased in the contents of potassium. (3) The coronary A-V differences of sodium showed maximum peak at the 7 minutes after incomplete ligation of coronary artery, at the l4 minutes after a slight decrease, and then followed by a gradual increase. Compared to sodium, potassium was observed almost reversely. (4) Disturbances of electrolytes metabolism above described was improved by administration of vitamins and others. This improvement was paralled with improvement of carbohydrate metabolism in cardiac muscle. From the experimental results and referencial considerations, it is conceivable that the differences of electrolyte contents between intra and extra cardiac cellular space depend upon energy metabolism in cardiac muscle.
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  • STUDIES ON THE ISOLATION OF THE THIAMINE DECOMPOSING BACTERIUM : (II) STUDY ON THE COLONIAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE THIAMINE DECOMPOSING BACTERIA ON SOME ENTERIC DIFFERENTIATING PLATE MEDIA
    Tao-Hsiung LIAO, Hsi-Chia HSIEH, Meei-Feng JENG, Fwu-Meei LIN
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 186-189
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_186
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    In order to find the simplification of the isolation of the thiamine decomposing bacteria, the investigation of the colonial morphological properties was carried out on some enteric differentiating plate media about Bacillus thiaminolyticus and Bacillus aneurinolyticus compared with Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli 119,Salmonella paratyphi A, and Bacillus subtilis. It was evidenced that the thiamine decomposing bacteria could not grow on these media, such as Salmonella-Shigella agar, Endo's agar, eosin-methylene blue agar, deoxycholate citrate agar and MacConkey's agar, but only grew on nutrient agar plate late with specific appearance.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 190-
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_190_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 190-
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_190_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 190-191
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_190_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1964 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 191-
    Published: August 25, 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: February 03, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.30.2_191_1
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