VITAMINS
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Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-25 of 25 articles from this issue
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  • EFFECT OF O-BENZOYLTHIAMINE DISULFIDE ON CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN MICE
    Haruo NAKAMURA
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 459-461
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_459
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    When O-benzoylthiamine disulfide (BTDS) was injected to mice at a dose of 20mg/kg (as thiamine) daily for 10 days, the incorporation of acetate-1^<14>C into hepatic cholesterol decreased, while that of mevalonic acid-2^<14>C was not influenced. An administration of 20mg/kg of BTDS suppressed the increases of blood and hepatic cholesterol in the diet with 1% cholesterol. The results suggest that BTDS may have the blood cholesterol-lowering effect by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol and enhancing the elimination of cholesterol.
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  • BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON VITAMIN METABOLISMS IN POULTRY : (IV) FURTHER CONFIRMATION FOR URINARY THIAMINE EXCRETION IN POULTS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF SOME NOVEL THIAMINE DERIVATIVES
    Yoshikazu SAHASHI, Takao SUZUKI, Shoichi MASUSHIGE
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 462-466
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_462
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    In the foregoing papers, the authors have reported the urinary excretion and metabolic fate of various thiamine derivatives after oral or subcutaneous administration in poultry. Afterwards, the authors attempted for further evidence concerning some other novel thiamine derivatives. In the present communication, the results obtained are illustrated by reference to the graphs with respect to isobutyrylthiamine disulfide, O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine and thiamine tetrahydrofurfulyldisulfide. In the control experiment, thiamine chloride hydrochloride was served. It was always found that the urinary excretion patterns of thiamine indicated to be marked positive in the above novel thiamine derivatives while extremely low in thiamine chloride hydrochloride.
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  • METABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF VITAMIN D IN ANIMALS : (IX) CONFIRMATION AND ISOLATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMIN D-SULFATE IN MAMMALIAN MILKS
    Yoshikazu SAHASHI, Takao SUZUKI, Miyato HIGAKI, Tsutomu ASANO
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 467-469
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_467
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    In the previous papers, the authors have reported with respect to possible metabolisms of vitamin D-sulfate. The biogenesis of vitamin D-sulfate and isolation of vitamin D-sulfokinase in animal tissues were confirmed. Recently, the authors have attempted to elucidate whether there may be possible occurrence of water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate in fresh mammalian milks. The water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate was isolated from aqueous solution of fresh proteinfree milk as water-insoluble barium vitamin D-sulfate and then estimated to be about 950 I.U./l of fresh human milk by thin layer chromatography and spectrography, while as in lipidsoluble form only about 16.7I.U./l. In case of fresh cow milk, it was realized to be about 204 I.U./l in water-soluble form, whereas about 36 I.U./l in lipid-soluble form.
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  • METABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF VITAMIN D IN ANIMALS : (X) PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMIN D-SULFATE
    Yoshikazu SAHASHI, Takao SUZUKI, Miyato HIGAKI, Masayuki TAKAHASHI, Ts ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 470-472
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_470
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    In the previous papers, the authors reported concerning the occurrence and isolation of water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate in fresh mammalian milk. Afterwards, further researches were repeated for the physiological activities of the compound using pure synthetic vitamin D-sulfate in water-soluble form. At start of experiments, toxicity of vitamin D_2-sulfate in saline solution upon mice was tested intraperitoneally by the ordinary method. The lethal doses on mice (LD_<50>) were estimated to be about 2,500,000 I.U./kg. In the second experiment, studies were promoted for antirachitic ability of water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate using the Steenbock's diet, and it was found that the prophylactic dosing of the water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate may be the same to that of free vitamin D. Finally, experiments were carried out to elucidate whether there may be any appearance of hypervitaminosis after administration of water-soluble vitamin D-sulfate in large dosage. No toxic symptom was recognized even when supplemented with 5,000 I.U. of the compound per os.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL ISOMERIZATION OF VITAMIN D : (II) IDENTIFICATION OF VITAMIN D_2 AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION
    Tadashi KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 473-476
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_473
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    A method of gas chromatographic separation for the identification of vitamin D_2,5,6-trans-vitamin D_2,isocalciferol (isovitamin D_2), isotachysterol_2,tachysterol_2,lumisterol_2 and ergosterol using SE-30 as a stational phase was investigated. Lumisterol_2 from thermal cyclization products of vitamin D_2 (pyro- and isopyrocalciferol), formed during gas chromatography, 5,6-trans-vitamin D_2 from isocalciferol and isotachysterol_2 from tachysterol_2 were not separated by the gas chromatography. Therefore, the identification of these compounds was impossible by the gas chromatography only.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL ISOMERIZATION OF VITAMIN D : (III) IDENTIFICATION OF VITAMIN D_2 AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS BY ALUMINA-COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION
    Tadashi KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 477-481
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_477
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    Two methods of alumina-column chromatographic separation for the identification of vitamin D_2,5,6-trans-vitamin D_2,isocalciferol (isovitamin D_2), isotachysterol_2,tachysterol_2,lumisterol_2 and ergosterol were investigated. One involved the elution by n-hexane・ethyl ether (2 : 1) (method I), and the other was a gradient chromatography involving the elution by n-hexane・ethyl ether (4 : 1.3 : 1 and 2 : 1) (method II). Vitamin D_2 from tachysterol_2,5,6-trans-vitamin D_2 from isocalciferol and isotachysterol_2 from lumisterol_2 were not separated by the chromatography according to method I. However, the separations of vitamin D_2 from tachysterol_2 and isotachysterol_2 from lumisterol_2 were possible by the gas chromatography, so the identification of these compounds were possible by the application of the alumina-column chromatography and gas chromatography. The separative identification of 5,6-trans-vitamin D_2 from isocalciferol was possible by the chromatography according to method II.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL ISOMERIZATION OF VITAMIN D : (IV) IDENTIFICATION OF VITAMIN D_2 AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS BY THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION
    Tadashi KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 482-484
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_482
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    A method of thin layer chromatographic separation for the identification of vitamin D_2,5,6-trans-vitamin D_2,isocalciferol (isovitamin D), isotachysterol_2,tachysterol_2,lumisterol_2 and ergosterol was investigated. When Kieselgel G according to Brockmann as an adsobent and n-hexane・methylethyl ketone (10 : 2) as a developing solvent were used, the most desirable separation was obtained. However, the separations of vitamin D_2 from tachysterol_2,5,6-trans-vitamin D_2 from isocalciferol and isotachysterol_2 from lumisterol_2 were not obtained though the most desirable condition was applied. These results on the separation was identical with the results obtained by the alumina-column chromatography reported previously.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL ISOMERIZATION OF VITAMIN D : (V) CHEMICAL ISOMERIZATION COURSE OF VITAMIN D_2 TO ISOTACHYSTEROL_2 BY ACETYL CHLORIDE
    Tadashi KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 485-489
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_485
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    The Chemical isomerization course of vitamin D_2 to isotachysterol_2 by acetyl chloride was investigated by using the previously reported alumina-column chromatographic and gas chromatographic identifications. It was confirmed that the isomerization went on through the following course : vitamin D_2→isocalciferol→isotachysterol_2.
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  • ANTITHIAMINE ACTION OF AMINOTHIAMINE
    Akio IWASHIMA, Toshiki UEMATSU, Toru MASUDA
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 490-494
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_490
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    The antithiamine actions of aminothiamine were investigated using several biological systems. The growth of L.fermenti 36 which requires thiamine for its growth was inhibited by aminothiamine. The inhibition of aminothiamine was recovered competitively by thiamine and the inhibition index was 450-470. The uptake of thiamine in resting cells of baker's yeast and L. fermenti 36 was also inhibited competitively by aminothiamine as well as yeast thiamine kinase. As one of the sites of antithiamine action the competition between thiamine and aminothiamine on the cell membrane in the active transport of thiamine was discussed.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CHANGES OF VITAMIN A ALCOHOL AND ITS ESTERS IN VARIOUS ALCOHOLS
    Toshio ANMO, Mitsunori WASHITAKE, Shozo ABE, Yasuzi TAKASHIMA, Hiroko ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 495-499
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_495
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    Studies were made on the change of vitamin A alcohol and its esters in various alcohols at 50 and 100℃. Vitamin A esters were changed to anhydro- and retro-vitamin A, unknown substance I (Rf 0.66,λ_<max> 295mμ, positive Carr・Price reaction) and II (Rf 0.50,λ_<max> 295,310,325mμ, positive Carr・Price reaction). The last substance was found in ethanolic or metanolic solution. Change of vitamin A acetate and palmitate was almost same degree in monohydric alcohols, but the change was small in polyhydric alcohols. Vitamin A alcohol in various alcohols remained almost unchanged.
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  • AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE INCORPORATION OF ^3H-HOMOPANTOTHENIC ACID INTO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUES
    Tsuneo NAKAMURA, Morimi SHIMADA, Saburo SAITO
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 500-504
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_500
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    Incorporation of homopantothenic acid (HOPA) into the various tissues, especially into neurons in the brain was studied using the autoradiography after injection of ^3H-HOPA in mouse. Many grains of reduced silver were found in various parts of the brain 30minutes after the injection of ^3H-HOPA, and at that time the density of the grain was much higher in the neuropil than in the nerve cell bodies. The maximal incorporation rate of ^3H-HOPA into brain tissue was found at one hour after the injection, and the density of grains in the cytoplasm of neuron exceeded that of the neuropil. At three hours after injection, many grains still remained in the neurons, thereafter it decreased rapidly with the lapse of time, and disappeared throughout the brain at 12 hours after the injection. There was no remarkable difference in incorporation rates between various kinds of neurons. After 30minutes of the injection the grains were already detectable in urinary tubule cells. The excretion of ^3H-HOPA from kidney tissue appears to be very rapid. In the liver cells the amounts of the grains decreased rapidly at one hour after injection. ^3H-HOPA does not accumulate in liver cells.
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  • STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF HOMOPANTOTHENIC ACID ON THE HEPATIC COENZYME A AND ITS PRECURSORS CONTENTS IN YOUNG ALBINO RATS
    Tsuneo NAKAMURA, Kokichi SOYAMA, Hajime ANDO
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 505-507
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_505
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    The changes of coenzyme A (CoA) and its precursors amounts in liver after administration of homopantothenic acid (HOPA) in young albino rats were determined in order to observe the antagonistic action for pantothenic acid (PaA). The amounts of CoA and its precursors in the liver of the rats fed with PaA deficient diet and given HOPA orally at the dose of 1g/kg/day for 4 days decreased more markedly than the no HOPA given group. The general conditions and the hepatic CoA contents in the rats administered with 100μg PaA and 0.1g/kg/day HOPA for 4 days maintained at normal levels. Inhibitory action of HOPA on CoA synthesis from 4'-phosphopantetheine was not recognized in vitro.
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  • THE GROWTH-STIMULATING ACTIVITY OF THIAMINE DERIVATIVES ON THIAMINE-REQUIRING MICROORGANISMS : (XII) CYCLOCARBOTHIAMINE AND "ACTIVE" DISULFIDE OF THIAMINE
    Chikataro KAWASAKI
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 508-513
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_508
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    CCT (Cyclocarbothiamine) was proved to have about one-tenth the potency of thiamine on the microbiological assay using L.fermenti in the broth either with or without cysteine but on the assay using Kloeckera apiculata, it showed a stronger growth-response curve than thiamine or S-carbethoxythiamine. CCT could be converted into thiamine, when it was incubated not only with the broth containing no cysteine, but also with organic ingredients of the broth, other than casamino acid. Kloeckera cells, when incubated with CCT, can also convert it to thiamine and absorb thiamine very well. Thiamine disulfide was reacted with cysteine at pH 7.5 according to Japanese Patent 4780/54. A ninhydrin positive substance of Rf 0.15 could be detected only by means of paper chromatography of the reaction mixture but the substance could not be isolated in a pure state. The substance was proved to be growth-stimulating to L. fermenti in the broth with or without cysteine, as shown by Banhidi^<2)>. Rf 0.15 substance, probably thiamine cysteine disulfide, however, was hardly detectable on paper chromatograms in the further process of isolation which meant decomposition of Rf 0.15 subtance.
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  • INHIBITION OF ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE BY MODIFIED THIAMINE COMPOUNDS : (II) CONVERSION OF THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE TO THIAMINE BY YEAST ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE AND ITS RELATION TO THE ACTIVE MERCAPTO-RADICALS IN THE ENZYME
    Chikataro KAWASAKI, Tomio ICHIKAWA, Yoshiaki KAKIYE
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 514-517
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_514
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    When pure YADH (yeast alcohol dehydrogenase) was incubated with TPD (thiamine propyldisulfide) at the pH ranges between 5.5 and 9.5,the activity of YADH was decreased and thiamine was released from TPD. The amounts of thiamine from TPD were higher at the alkaline ranges of pH but inhibition of YADH activity was observed to the same extent both at pH 5.5 and 8.6,as shown in Fig.1 and 2. The thiol-radicals of YADH, blocked by TPD at pH 5.5,seemed to be responsible for its enzymatic activity. The thiamine, converted from TPD at pH 5.5 by YADH can be interpreted to be 'active thiols' which will be calculated as 5.5 moles per mole of YADH. This thiol value is much smaller than the values, calculated by PCMB or PNPD method. Thiamine, however, can be released from TPD, even with inert YADH, denatured by heat, acid, alkali or urea treatments; the amounts were corresponding to the values measured by PNPD method.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 518-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_518_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 518-519
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_518_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 519-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_519_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 519-520
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_519_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 520-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_520_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 520-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_520_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 520-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_520_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 520-521
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_520_4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 521-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_521_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 521-
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_521_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1966 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 521-522
    Published: November 25, 1966
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.34.5_521_3
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