VITAMINS
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Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 37, Issue 5
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
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  • CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF LARGE AMOUNT OF B-VITAMINS ON THE BLOOD SUGAR AND INSULIN CONTENT OF BLOOD
    Toshio MAEDA
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 439-455
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_439
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    Blood sugar and serum immunoreactive insulin levels after loading of a large quantity of various B-vitamins were studied in normal subjects and diabetic patients. Fall in blood glucose was caused by pyridoxal phosphate and folic acid. This effect was exaggerated on depancreatized dogs only in the presence of insulin but not in the absence of insulin. A transient hypoglycemia was found by pyridoxal phosphate loading in eviscerated rats with continuous infusion of insulin, whereas it was not demonstrated by folic acid.
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  • VITAMIN D_3 EFFECT ON GLYCINE-1^<14>C INCORPORATION INTO RAT INTESTINAL MUCOSA
    Norimasa HOSOYA, Mitsuyo KAWAKAMI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 456-460
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_456
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    Glycine incorporation into rat intestinal mucosa was observed in vitamin D deficient male rat (U.S.P. rachitogenic diets, No. 2,for over 4 weeks) or vitamin D fed rat (2,000 I.U. of D_3 was administrated orally 27 hours before sacrification). 20 μmoles of glycine-1^<14>C (2.15 c/mole) was injected peritoneally 3 hours before the sacrifice. Increases of glycine-1^<14>C incorporation with D_3 administration was observed into the microsomes and supernatant fractions of rat intestinal mucosa cells, and into the lipid, protein and RNA fractions. In microsomes glycine incorporation into lipid and protein was also increased with D_3 administration. These stimulating effect of D_3 was further observed in the intestinal mucosa incubated with glycine-1^<14>C (in vitro). On these results, D_3 administration would cause to stimulate the formation of RNA, and then induce the formation of protein and phospholipid in rat intestinal mucosa.
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  • FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR VITAMIN B-COMPLEX BY CUP-PLATE TECHNIQUE : (XI) PRACTICAL AVAILABILITY OF A VITAMIN B_<12> ASSAY METHOD BY THE THIN AGAR PLATE TECHNIQUE USING A VARIANT OF ESCHERICHIA COLI
    Takako ITAGAKI, Tohru TSUKAHARA
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 461-465
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_461
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    For the purpose to examine the usefulness of the plate method for the determination of cobalamin in natural products, several animal samples were used and parallel assay was made with the turbidimetric method. In all samples their estimates of cobalamin content by the plate method were considerably lower than those determined by the turbidimetric ones. Furthermore, the recoveries of the added cyanocobalamin to these extracts were unsatisfactory and the dose-response lines from them were not parallel to that from pure cobalamin solutions. These results strongly suggest that in the extracts there are some factors interfering the valid assays of cobalamin by the plate method. As one of these factors, methionine content in the extracts was especially marked. The satisfactory assays of vitamin B_<12> in biological materials by this method can not be expected unless an improvement in extracting procedure of the vitamin from them will be detected.
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  • STUDIES ON RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE : (V) EFFECT OF RIBOFLAVIN-TETRANICOTINATE ON THE HEPATIC AND THE SERUM LIPOPEROXIDE LEVEL OF RATS SUFFERING FROM FATTY LIVER
    Akira KOTAKI, Misao OKUMURA, Yokichi NAKAGAWA, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 466-471
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_466
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    Increase in the peroxide value was found in both trichloroacetic acid-soluble and lipid fractions of the fatty liver, which was induced by massive doses of B-vitamins on rats previously stunted with low protein, high carbohydrate diet with no B-vitamins. Administration of choline and myoinositol prevented the accumulation of fats in the liver, as well as the increase in the peroxide values of both liver fractions, but at the same time, it seemed to induce the increase in the serum peroxide value due probably to the removal of fats from the liver. Although riboflavin and riboflavin-tetranicotinate showed no beneficial effect to prevent the development of fatty liver, they seemed to have some effect to prevent, the increase in peroxide values in the liver and in the serum. It was noted that by administration of lipotropic agents and riboflavin-tetranicotinate simultaneously both the fat accumulation in the liver and the increase in peroxide values in the liver and in the serum were markedly prevented.
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  • TRANSPORT OF VITAMIN B_6 IN HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES : (IV) EFFECTS OF INCUBATION TEMPERATURE, GLYOCLYSIS INHIBITOR AND VITAMIN B_6 ANALOGUES ON THE TRANSPORT OF VITAMIN B_6 INTO HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES
    Kozo YAMADA, Minoru TSUJI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 472-478
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_472
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    Studies were made on the effects of incubation temperature, glycolysis inhibitor and vitamin B_6 analogues on the transport of B_6 into human erythrocytes. The transported amounts of pyridoxine and pyridoxamine into the cells diminished in the low temperature, but pyridoxal did not. Potassium fluoride inhibited the transport of pyridoxine, pyridoxamine and pyridoxal phosphate into the cells, but did not the transport of pyridoxal. Furthermore, pyridoxal phosphate concentrations in the cells after incubation with free forms of B_6 were decreased by the addition of potassium fluoride. Deoxypyridoxine inhibited competitively the transport of pyridoxine and pyridoxamine into the cells, but did not the transport of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate. Pyridoxal phosphate concentrations in the cells after incubation with free forms of B_6 were decreased by the addition of deoxypyridoxine. Deoxypyridoxine phosphate did not inhibited the transport of various forms of B_6.
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  • EFFECTS OF LIPASE ON THIAMINE DERIVATIVES
    Chikataro KAWASAKI, Shingo KATSUNO, Masaomi KONDO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 479-482
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_479
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    Effects of wheat germ lipase on S-acyl and disulfide derivatives of thiamine were investigated. When the derivatives were incubated with lipase, thiamine liberated from diacetyl-thiamine (DAT) and thiamine-8-(methyl-6-acetyldihydrothioctate) disulfide (TATD). No thiamine liberation was observed when the other derivatives and denaturated enzyme were used in the experiment. The quantitative assay of acetyl group of both derivatives indicated that the acetyl contents of the derivatives decreased during the incubation with enzyme and there was correlations between thiamine liberation and decrease of acetyl contents. From the results, it was suggested that the thiamine liberation was caused by the enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylthioester containing in both DAT and TATD, and especially, the liberation from TATD was caused by the split of its disulfide linkage with SH radical which produced from the hydrolysis of acetylthioester containing in its thioctate moiety.
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  • STUDIES ON PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS : (LV) SYNTHESIS OF THIAMINE MONOGLUTAMATE AND ITS STABILITY
    Akira TAKAMIZAWA, Saichi MATSUMOTO, Shoji SAKAI, Kunihei INAZU, Ryuich ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 483-486
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_483
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    Thiamine monoglutamate (II) was readily obtained as a stable crystalline pentahydrate in a pure state by the ionic exchange reaction of thiamine monosulfate (I) with barium glutamate or thiamine monochloride (III) with silver glutamate in aqueous solution. II showed high solubility in water and had a taste just like as sodium glutamate. Moreover, it was found to be odorless and to give no bitter taste such as thiamine. Although the humidity affected the stability of powdered formulations of II with sodium chloride or sodium glutamate, II was found to be quite stable on storage for two months at 37℃ below 75% of humidity. The present results indicate that II will be practically utilizable for an enriched seasoning.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXXI) THE CONVERSION OF THIAMINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES INTO COCARBOXYLASE IN RABBIT BLOOD
    Isamu UTSUMI, Kiyoshi HARADA, Mutsufumi KAWAI, Ichimonji SAITO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 487-491
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_487
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    The conversion of thiamine and its lipophilic derivative BuTDS into cocarboxylase was investigated by rabbit erythrocytes in Tyrode's medium containing glucose. The concentration of cocarboxylase in erythrocytes increased gradually up to 2〜3 fold by the incubations with the vitamins. Under lower concentrations of the vitamins in the medium, the increased amount of cocarboxylase by the incubation with BuTDS was higher than with thiamine. The absence of glucose in the medium leads to the significant decrease of cocarboxylase formation. The conversion of thiamine into cocarboxylase in the erythrocytes suspension was inhibited markedly by the presence of pyrithiamine. The blood cocarboxylase levels were compared after intravenous injections of thiamine, BuTDS or cocarboxylase. It was observed that the cocarboxylase concentration increased by the administration of BuTDS was 3〜4 times higher than that of thiamine, and that the decrease rate of cocarboxylase in erythrocytes was much more slower than in plasma. It was recognized that cocarboxylase had little permeability to erthrocytes in both in vitro and in vivo.
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  • STUDIES ON THE UTILIZATION AND METABOLISM OF COENZYME Q IN THE MOUSE
    Masayoshi MURATA, Satoshi KAWAMURA, Shigenobu NAKAMURA, Arata ICHIYAMA ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 492-497
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_492
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    The utilization of ubiquinone with 7 isoprenoide units (UQ_7) was investigated following administration into mice. When UQ_7-(methoxy)-^<14>C was given either intraperitoneally, intramusclarly, subcutaneously or directly into the portal vein, the radioactive material was retained and circulated in the blood for a prolonged period of time, and was gradually incorporated into various tissues and organs. A large portion of the radioactivity, however, was found to be excreted into the intestinal tract by way of bile duct. Practically no radioactive material was found in the urine. When UQ_7-^<14>C was given orally, more than 80% of the total radioactivity was excreted in the feces within 24 hours. Approximately 1% was absorbed and distributed in various tissues and organs. Subcellular fractionation analysis revealed that the intracellular radioactive UQ_7 was almost exclusively localized in mitochondria without elongation of the isoprenoid chain as judged by thin layer chromatography.
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  • ASSAY OF PANTOTHENIC ACID, NICOTINIC ACID AND FOLIC ACID WITH LEUCOMYCIN-RESISTANT LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
    Reizaburo SAKUMA, Takeshi SHIMAZAKI, Jiro KITAMURA, Kichitaro TAKATORI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 498-503
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_498
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    A microbiological assay of vitamins in the sample containing Leucomycin needs to be considered. The growth of Lactobacilli, usually used organisms for microbiological assay, was completely inhibited by Leucomycin in low concentrations. The Leucomycin resistant strains were isolated by means of successive transfer in the medium containing graded amount of Leucomycin. The growth of resistant strain was not inhibited by the presence of 2000μg/ml of Leucomycin and the pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid requirement of resistant strain of Lactobacillus arabinosus 17-5 and the folic acid requirement of resistant strain of Streptococcus faecalis R were the same with that of each parent strain. The standard curves for these vitamins with resistant strains were not influenced even by the presence of a about 500μg/ml Leucomycin.
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  • MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY OF VITAMINS IN THE SAMPLE CONTAINING KANAMYCIN WITH RESISTANT STRAIN OF LACTOBACILLI
    Reizaburo SAKUMA, Takeshi SHIMAZAKI, Jiro KITAMURA
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 504-508
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_504
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    The growth of Kanamycin-resistant Lactobacillus arabinosus 17-5(KM-2000) was not inhibited by the presence of 2000μg/ml of Kanamycin, though parent strain was inhibited perfectly by 80μg/ml. But, standard curve for pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid with resistant strain were influenced even by the presence of above 100μg/ml. The same effect was observed between parent and resistant strain of L. fermenti 36 for thiamine assay. However, the standard curve for folic acid with Streptococcus faecalis R (KM-2000) was not inhibited by the 2000μg/ml of antibiotics, on the contrary, the presence of Kanamycin was accelerated the growth of resistant strain.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 509-510
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_509
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 510-512
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_510
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 512-513
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_512
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 513-514
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_513
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 514-515
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_514
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 515-516
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_515
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 516-517
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_516
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 517-519
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_517
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 520-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_520_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 520-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_520_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 520-522
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_520_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 522-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_522_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 522-523
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_522_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 523-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_523_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 523-524
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_523_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 525-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_525_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 525-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_525_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 525-526
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_525_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 526-
    Published: May 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.5_526
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