VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 62, Issue 5-6

Displaying 1-46 of 46 articles from this issue

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Micro-determination of Nicotinamide and Its Metabolites by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Katsumi SHIBATA

Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 225-233
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_225

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A simultaneous micro-determination of nicotinamide, N^1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-Py) and N^1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide (4-Py), as well as an ultramicro-determination of N^1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) by HPLC are described. The method for measuring nicotinarnide, 2-Py and 4-Py employs a 7-ODS-L (4.6×250mm, particle size 7μm) column eluted with 10mM potassium dihydrogenphosphate-acetonitrile (96:4, v/v, pH adjusted to 3.0 by the addition of concentrated phosphoric acid) at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min. The UV detector was set at 260nm. The detection limits for nicotinamide, 2-Py and 4-Py were 10pmol (1.22ng), 2pmol (304pg) and 2pmol (304pg), respectively, at a signal-to-noise ratio 5:1. Isonicotinamide was used as an internal standard. MNA reacted with acetophenone in a strong alkali medium at 0℃ in the presence of a large amount of isonicotinamide. After being kept for 10min, formic acid was added and the mixture was kept for further 15min at 0℃. Then, the mixture was heated for 5 min. The reaction product, 1-methyl-7-phenyl-1, 5-dihydro-5-oxo-1; 6-naphthyridine was adsorbed on a 300-SCX (4.6×150mm, particle size 7μm) column, eluted with 25mM potassium dihydrogenphosphate containing 20% acetonitrile (pH 4.5) at a flow-rate of 1.0ml/min, and estimated at excitation wavelength of 382nm as well as emission wavelength of 440nm. The detection limit was 0.01pmol (1.36pg in terms of MNA). These techniques were applied to the analysis of biological materials.

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Effect of Vitamin K_2 on Hypoprothrombinemia Induced by Antibiotic Administration in Vitamin K Deficient Rats

Kuniko HARA, Yasuhiro AKIYAMA, Yoshinori KATO, Kimie TAKIZAWA, Tetsuya ...

Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 235-240
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_235

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Daily administration of 300mg/kg of latamoxef to rats fed a vitamin K deficient diet from 7 days to 9 days induced severe hypoprothrombinemia. The extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation activities in the latamoxef treated rats were decreased in higher degree than those in the rats fed a vitamin K deficient diet alone. Single oral administration of 0.1 or 1mg/kg of vitamin K_2 to the hypoprothrombinemic rats improved their coagulation activity. The coagulation activity was normalized completely by oral administration of 0.1mg/kg vitamin K_2 once a day for 2 days. These results suggest that latamoxef aggravates vitamin K deficiency and causes severe hypoprothrombinemia.

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Biopotencies of Tocopherol Analogues as Determined by Diarulic Acid Induced Hemolysis in Rats

Makoto MINO, Hiroshi TAMAI, Kazuto YASUDA, Chieko YAMADA, Osamu IGARAS ...

Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 241-246
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_241

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Highly purified natural d-α-, -β-, -γ- and -δ- tocopherols (the purities were 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.5% and 99.7%, respectively) were administered to the vitamin E deficient rats. Eleven week old rats, fed a vitamin E deficient diet for 8 weeks since weanling, were divided into four groups, each receiving one of the tocopherol isomers (2mg/kg of α-, 6 mg/kg ofβ-, 10mg/kg of δ- and ,200mg/kg of γ-tocopherol) daily for four days. The biological activities of the different tocopherol isomers were evaluated in terms of the inhibition of diarulic acid-induced-hemolysis in red cells every 24 hours for 120 hours after the last administration. The activity was calculated as integrated inhibitory areas of the hemolysis up to less than 90%, per unit dosage of tocopherols administered. Based on this activity, a potency ratio of 100:24:4:0.1 was established between α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherols, respectively.

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Occurrence and Some Properties of A Thiaminase in Euglena gracilis Z

Toshiyuki NAKATSUKA, Shigeru SHIGEOKA, Yoshihisa NAKANO, Shozaburo KIT ...

Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 247-252
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_247

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The presence of an enzyme which cleaves quinolinothiamin in a manner similar to the thiaminase II has been demonstrated in extracts of Euglena gracilis z, an unicellular eukaryote. The enzyme is considered to be localized in the mitochondrial membrane of this species. The pH optimum of the enzyme was shown to be around 9.5 and the optimum temperature was near 38℃. The Km value as calculated by the method of Lineweaver and Burk was found to be 1.7μM for quinolinothiamin. The splitting-activity towards quinolinothiamin was inhibited by 2-methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl pyrimidine (OMP), the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin. The enzyme activity in cells grown in a thiamin-limiting medium was higher than that in cells grown in a thiamin-rich medium. This might account for the fact that the requirement of this organism for OMP can be replaced by either pyrithiamine or quinolinothiamin. The enzyme appears to be involved in the production of OMP through the hydrolytic cleavage of these compounds.

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Determination of Acetomenaphthone in an Aqueous Vitamin Preparation for Animal Use by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Michiko NISHIKAWA, Kouko HAMAMOTO, Mitzuko HIRATA

Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 253-257
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_253

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Vitamin K_4 (Acetomenaphthone ; K_4) is orally administrated in the treatment or prevention of vitamin K deficiency. A High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is studied for determination of K_4 in aqueous vitamin preparations for animal use. Samples were diluted with ethanol and followed by HPLC on a Nucleosil _5C_18 column. The mobile phase was water-acetonitrile (48:52) and the monitor wave length in ultraviolet detection was 226nm. The recovery rate. SD and CV of K_4 were 100%, 1.4 and 1.4% respectivery. The detection limit was 1.3×10^<-4>μg of K_4. The K_4 content in the aq. vitamin preparations decreased during storage due to hydrolysis of K_4 to menadiol monoacetate.

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Article type: Appendix
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 259-260
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_259

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 261-262
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_261

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 262-
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_262_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 262-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_262_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 263-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_263_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 263-264
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_263_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 264-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_264_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 264-265
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_264_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 265-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_265

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 267-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_267

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 268-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_268_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 268-269
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_268_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 269-270
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_269

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 270-271
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_270

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 271-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_271_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 271-272
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_271_2

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 272-273
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_272

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 273-274
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_273

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 274-275
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_274

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 275-276
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_275

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 276-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_276_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 276-277
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_276_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 279-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_279_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 279-281
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_279_2

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 281-282
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_281

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 282-283
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_282

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 283-284
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_283

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 284-286
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_284

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 286-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_286_1

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 286-288
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_286_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 288-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_288

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 289-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_289_1

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1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 289-290
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_289_2

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 290-
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_290

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 291-292
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_291

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 292-293
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_292

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 293-296
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_293

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 296-298
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_296

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 298-301
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_298

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Article type: Article
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages 301-303
Published: June 25, 1988
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_301

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Article type: Cover
1988 Volume 62 Issue 5-6 Pages Cover2-
Published: June 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.62.5-6_Cover2

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