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Volume 67, Issue 8
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Hisataka MORIWAKI, Yasutoshi MUTO, Yoshihiro SHIDOJI, Masataka OKUNOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 387-396
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIt is well established that retinoids are essential to maintain normal proliferation and differentiation of cells and tissues, and that impaired retinoid metabolism is profoundly involved in the carcinogenesis of various organs. In hepatocarcinogenesis, localized retinoid deficiency as well as appearances of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein and cellular retinoid-binding protein, F-type of type III, in tumor tissue are characteristic. We found a novel synthetic "acyclic retinoid" which binds to CRABP. The acyclic retinoid inhibited experimental hepatomas in mice and rats, and reduced the growth rate of human hepatoma-derived cell lines. Furthermore, the acyclic retinoid down-regulated the alpha-fetoprotein mRNA expression and up-regulated the albumin mRNA. The acyclic retinoid is supposed to exert its action by, at first, binding to nuclear retinoid receptors such as RARβ, although further mechanisms are now under investigation. Prevention of the post-resection reccurence of hepatoma (hepatocarcinogenesis) is progressing in the phase II clinical trial. In addition, treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with retinoic acid is also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K) -
Shigeru SHIGEOKA, Ryoichi YAMAJI, Yoshihisa NAKANOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 397-410
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSEuglena gracilis absolutely requires vitamin B_1 for growth because it lacks a biosynthetic pathway for the formation of the pyrimidine moiety of vitamin B_1, and possesses an active transport system for exogenous vitamin B_1. Of the total amount of vitamin B_1 taken up, as much as 96% exists in the free form. Vitamin B_1 is converted to the coenzyme by the respective thiamin pyrophosphokinase located in mitochondria, chloroplasts and cytosol. For the thiamin pyrophosphate-dependent decarboxylation of 2-oxo acids, E. gracilis lacks a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and a 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and, instead, contains an oxygen-sensitive pyruvate : NADP^+ oxidoreductase and 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase, which are located in mitochondria. Pyruvate : NADP^+ oxidoreductase is operative to form acetyl-CoA from pyruvate and is associated with the wax ester fermentation, an energy-generating system under anaerobic conditions. 2-Oxoglutarate decarboxylase catalyzes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate into succinate semialdehyde and couples with NAD^+ and NADP^+-linked isozymes of succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase to form succinate. In addition, 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase is the key regulatinig enzyme in the alternative tricarboxylic acid cycle and is involved in the assimilation of L-glutamate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1428K) -
Etsu KISHIDA, Keiko NAKAZATO, Akemi YAMASHITA, Sadako TOKUMARU, Michik ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 411-415
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSPowdered milk was oxidized in the state of powder by heating at 80℃. The ascorbate (Asc) level determined specifically by our method and the total SH groups in the milk decreased gradually. TBA-reactive substances and malondialdehyde showed to increase to a small degree when the heating was continued for more than 2 days. On the other hand, tocopherols (α, γ and δ) did not decrease even after 4 days when browning of the milk proceeded. Similar results were obtained when milk was oxidized in aqueous suspension. The preferential disappearence of hydrophilic anti-oxidants (SH groups and Asc) was reproduced when milk suspension was oxidized with water-soluble radical initiator. These results suggest that Asc and SH groups are sensitive indices of oxidative damage of powdered milk, while tocopherol decreased simultaneously with a reduction of water-soluble anti-oxidants by a hydrophobic initiator.View full abstractDownload PDF (546K) -
Atsuko TAKEUCHI, Toshio OKANO, Fumiko HIRAHA, Tadashi KBAYASHIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 417-427
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDietary intakes of vitamin D in normal Japanese have been investigated by 3 kinds of methods and the results are summarized as follows : 1. Daily vitamin D intakes in Japanese calculated by the results of the National Nutrition Survey for 20 years from 1971 were 392-452 IU/day (average : 421 IU/day). 2. When dietary vitamin D intakes in Japanese were calculated by a model menu method, these for 25, 45 and 65 years old men were 77-463 IU/day (average : 184 IU/day), 70-760 IU/day (average : 272 IU/day) and 260-2168 IU/day (average : 723 IU/day), respectively. These for women were comparatively lower than the respective values of men. 3. When dietary vitamin D intakes in Japanese were calculated by a questionnaire method, these for normal men, women and dormitory students of a girl's university were 122-1,180 IU/day (average : 513 IU/day), 65-874 IU/day (average : 373 IU/day) and 26-865 IU/day (average : 244 IU/day), respectively. 4. Most of the vitamin D intakes were originated from fish. All averaged values calculated by 3 kings of methods were higher than the respective Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) in Japan (100 IU/day for adults). However, since daily intake of vitamin D in young women is comparatively low, it is better that they take enough amounts of fish and mushrooms to improve their vitamin D nutritional status.View full abstractDownload PDF (1174K) -
Katsumi SHIBATA, Toshie SAINOKIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 429-434
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSWe investigated the effects of mineral deficiency on the tryptophan-nicotinamide metabolism in rats. Male Wistar rats (3-weeks old) were fed with a 20% casein diet containing 5% mineral mixture (control diet) or a 20% casein diet containing 1% mineral mixture (deficient diet) for 47 days. The food intake was lower in the deficient group than in the control group and so, the gain in body weight was also lower in the deficient group. However, the food intake in terms of 100 g body weight was higher in the deficient group (5.25 g vs. 6.64 g). Under the conditions, the activity of aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase, which locates a branching point of tryptophan-nicotinamide and tryptophan-glutaric acid pathways, was higher in the tryptophan-nicotinamide and tryptophan-glutaric acid pathways, was higher in the deficient group. The result indicates that the flow from tryptophan to nicotinamide was reduced in the deficient group. In fact, the sum of the urinary excretion of nicotinamide, N^1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), N^1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-Py), and N^1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide (4-Py) was lower in the deficient group. The activity of 2-Py- and 4-Py-forming MNA oxidases was lower in the deficient group and then the urinary excretion ratio of (2-Py + 4-Py)MNA was lower in the deficient group.View full abstractDownload PDF (548K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 435-436
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (293K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 436-437
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (305K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 437-438
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (311K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 438-439
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (328K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 439-440
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (321K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 440-441
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (315K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 441-
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (180K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 441-442
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (315K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 442-443
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (327K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 443-
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (189K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 443-444
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (262K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 445-446
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (309K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 446-448
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (420K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 448-449
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (293K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 449-450
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (308K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 450-452
Published: August 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (336K)
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