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Volume 68, Issue 3
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Sachiko YAMADA, Hiroaki TAKAYAMAArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 135-144
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe reaction of vitamin D with sulfur dioxide (SO_2) and its application to structural modification of vitamin D are described. Vitamin D reacted with SO_2 to give the 6,19-cycloadducts in quantitative yield as a mixture of two C (6) - epimers (5 and 5'). The SO_2-adducts (5 and 5') were reverted back to the starting vitamin D in high yields via the (5E)-isomer (6) by thermolysis (90-120℃) followed by dye-sensitized photochemical isomerization. Thus SO_2 was proved to be an useful protecting group of the reactive conjugated triene part of vitamin D. By the SO_2 adduct formation, the 6- and 19-positions of vitamin D are activated and introduction of an electrophile to these positions under basic conditions is made possible. The vitamin D-SO_2 adducts were conveniently used in the following structural modifications of vitamin D : 1) synthesis of vitamin D compounds labeled at the 6- and 19-positions from ready-made vitamin D, 2) syntheses of 6- or 19-substituted vitamin D derivatives, 3) syntheses of C_<22>-vitamin D synthons from vitamin D_2 as useful starting materials for numerous side chain modified vitamin D compounds, 4) protection of the vitamin D triene function from acid-catalyzed isomerization.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
Toshiaki WATANABEArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 145-156
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe effects of retinoic acid (RA) on craniofacial development during embryonic morphogenesis were examined using mouse whole embryo and cell cultures. In day 8 cultured embryos, RA caused significant embryonic growth retardation. Most in the development of the visceral arches. RA also inhibited the migration of cranial neural crest cells. In day 10 cultured embryos, RA produced a high percentage of embryos with median cleft lip and hypoplasia of the primary palatal processes. Autoradiogram showed a reduction in the size of the secondary palatal processes, pyknotic nuclei and a reduced number of labeled nuclei in mesenchyme of the nasal and maxillary processes in RA-exposed embryos. In mouse and human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells, RA or its metabolites interfered with DNA synthesis and affected the cell proliferation, although RA treatment did not alter the incidence of chromosome aberrations and SCE even with metabolic activation. These findings indicate that RA plays an important role in normal and abnormal craniofacial development of mammalian embryos, especially palatal growth and differentiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1624K) -
Katsumi SHIBATA, Noriko WATANABEArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 157-163
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe nutritional and biological effeciency of nicotinuric acid as a substitute for nicotinic acid was investigated by using weanling rats fed with a nicotinic acid-free, tryptophan-limiting diet containing various amounts of nicotinuric acid. Judging from the growth response, food intake, food efficiency ratio, the levels of NAD activity in blood and liver, the level of total nicotinamide in the liver, and the urinary excretion of such nicotinamide metabolites as N^1-methylnicotinamide, N^1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide, and N^1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, we conclude that nicotinuric acid was approximately 1/10 as active as nicotinic acid in weight basis and 1/7 in molar basis.View full abstractDownload PDF (577K) -
Fumiko HIRAHARA, Kazuhisa TOMIOKA, Yatuhou OTAN, Kenji ISHIIArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 165-172
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe annual changes of polyunsaturate fatty acids (PUFAs) intake and the intake ratios of vitamin E to PUFAs were calculated on the basis of the results conducted from 1971 to 1990 by the National Nutrition Survey using the PUFA weighted average tables of Japanese foods. During the study period, the PUFAs intake per caputa per day was ca. 17 g. The intakes did not fluctuate between years. Major sources of PUFAs in daily food of Japan were fats and oils, pulses and cereals, fishes, potatoes, and confectioneries. Some food groups, such as confectioneries, shoed annual changes of consumption throughout the years. However, the total daily intake of PUFAs did not change throughout the experimental periods. During the recent 20 years, the range of the ratios of E intake(mg) to PUFAs intake(g) was from 0.54 to 0.60.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 173-
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (160K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 173-174
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (296K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 174-
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (185K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 175-176
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (314K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 176-177
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (312K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 177-178
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (318K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 178-179
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (326K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 179-180
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (210K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 181-182
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (304K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 182-185
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (584K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 185-187
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (377K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1994 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 187-188
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (258K)
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