VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 37, Issue 3
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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  • PURIFICATION OF CORRINOIDS AND THEIR COENZYME FORMS WITH AMBERLITE XAD-1 AND XAD-2
    Hideki NARAHARA, Tadashi KAMIKUBO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 225-229
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_225
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    Possibility and efficiency of Amberlite XAD-1 and XAD-2,new adsorbents of synthetic insoluble crosslinked polystylene polymer, were examined for purification of corrinoids using DBC, FB and DBCC. XAD-2 was superior to XAD-1 in the ability of adsorbing DBC. Further examination showed that XAD-2 is an excellent adsorbent for purification of corrinoids, so far as the compounds tested are concerned. As eluants for corrinoids from XAD-2,several kinds as well as several concentrations of alcohols and acetone were tested. For elution of DBC as well as DBCC, satisfactory results were obtained with methanol and acetone of the concentrations more than 60% and 50%, respectively. For FB, addition of KCN improved its elution with the both solvents. The applicability of XAD-resins to the purification of corrinoids in natural substances was also confirmed using the corrinoid extracts from Propionibacterium shermanii and Pr. arabinosum.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CELL-MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY OF ^<35>S-THIAMINE AND ^<35>S-THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE : (I) THE INCORPORATION OF ^<35>S-THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE INTO HUMAN RED BLOOD CORPUSCLES
    Shosaku FUJIMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 230-236
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_230
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    For the purpose to investigate the cell-membrane permeability of ^<35>S-thiamine hydrochloride and the outer and the inner portions of ^<35>S-thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD), they were added to human blood in vitro and ^<35>S was traced with the lapse of time. It was found that ^<35>S of thiamine hydrochloride was hardly incorporated into red corpuscles and remained in the blood plasma. In contrast, TPD was immediately incorporated into red corpuscles. ^<35>S (inner) continued to permeate into red cells, on the otherhand, ^<35>S (outer) stayed in red cells only for a time and thereafter it was transfered into the blood plasma. It was revealed that TPD was broken up at the -S-S- bond, leaving thiamine portion in the red cell, the remaining propylmercapto portion was transfered into blood plasma and in this instance, TPD, not being absorbed to the red cell membrane, permeated into the red cell and later it was reduced to thiamine.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CELL-MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY OF ^<35>S-THIAMINE AND ^<35>S-THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE : (II) THE INCORPORATION OF ^<35>S-THIAMINE AND ^<35>S-THIAMINE PROPYLDISULFIDE INTO THE CELL IN TISSUE CULTURE
    Shosaku FUJIMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 237-242
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_237
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    In order to see how ^<35>S-thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD) labeled with ^<35>S (inner and outer) would permeate into the cell, they were added to JTC-3 cells in tissue culture and were traced with the lapse of time. As a result, it was found that ^<35>S of thiamine was hardly was incorporated into the cell and remained in the medium. On the other hand, ^<35>S (inner) of TPD was incorporated immediately and continued to permeate into the cell. ^<35>S (outer) of TPD, not similar to the case of red cell, was not incorporated into tissue culture cells at all. The incorporation of ^<35>S (inner) of TPD into those cells cultured in the TPD environment for a long period was somewhat less than that into those cells not previously exposed to TPD. In the presence of a cell, -S-S- bond of TPD was rapidly broken up and thiamine stayed in the cell while the propylmercapto portion was thrown out of the cell. Further study was carried out employing the freezed and thawed cell debris with positive result, but is was trace. Vitamin K_1 had no influence on the reducing action of the cell against TPD.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXVI) PERMEABILITY INTO ERYTHROCYTES OF ACYL-THIAMINE DISULFIDE AND O-ACYLTHIAMINE
    Isamu UTSUMI, Keiichi KOHNO, Kazuo NODA, Ichimonji SAITO, Masakazu MIZ ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 243-249
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_243
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    Penetration into human erythrocytes of acyl-TDS and O-acylthiamine was investigated in vitro. TDS added to the erythrocytes suspension was hardly reduced to free thiamine, and it was deduced that the rate limiting factor was its low permeability. While the lipophilic derivatives, BTDS, CTDS, BuTDS etc., were rapidly reduced under the first order kinetics, showing their high permeability by simple diffusion mechanism. Penetration of O-acylthiamines, OBuT, OVT, OCT and OBT, were measured in DFP-added erythrocytes suspension (to exclude intracellular deacylation of the vitamins), and their rapid influx and outflux were also revealed kinetically. These findings were compared and discussed with old knowledges obtained by static or usual "washing" procedure.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXVII) DEACYLATION AND RETENTION IN HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES OF ACYLTHIAMINE DISULFIDE
    Isamu UTSUMI, Keiichi KOHNO, Ichimonji SAITO, Masakazu MIZOBE
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 250-256
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_250
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    Esterase activities toward various O-acylthiamines were demonstrated in human erythrocytes stroma and endosoma. The stromal enzyme showed higher activity to acyl radicals of the short chain (OAT, OPT), and was strongly inhibited by DFP and eserine. The endo somal enzymew as active to OBuT and OVT, the derivatives of the middle number of acyl carbon. It was not inhibited by 10^<-5> M eserine, but strongly inhibited by DFP. These activities were supposed to be due to erythrocytes acetylcholinesterase and ali-esterase, respectively. Acyl-TDS that penetrated into the cell sand reduced, was shown to be retained in the form of thiamine on deacylation by the endosomal enzyme. The reduction and deacylation processes were clearly distinguished each other by an inhibition experiment with DFP. The general mechanisms concerning transport phenomena of thiamine derivatives in erythrocytes, were discussed.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXVIII) EFFECT OF INTRA- AND EXTRACELLULAR REDUCTION OF DISULFIDE TYPE THIAMINE DERIVATIVES ON THEIR INCORPORATION AND RETENTION INTO ERYTHROCYTES
    Isamu UTSUMI, Keiichi KOHNO, Ichimonji Saito, Masakazu MIZOBE
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 257-263
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_257
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    Initial amount of TAD incorporated into erythrocytes in vitro was found to be proportional to the logarism of second order reaction rate constant between the derivatives and GSH, suggesting some limiting effect of the intracellular reduction process. Extracellular reduction of TAD was caused by an exchange reaction of TAD and alkylmercaptan, which was produced in the cells and breaked out ; the mechanism was obviously different from that of acyl-TDS (outflux of O-acylthiamine). Some model experiments were carried out, using n-hexane or liquid paraffin emulsion as lipid barrier and GSH as intracellular thiols.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXIX) EXCHANGE REACTION OF DISULFIDE TYPE THIAMINE DERIVATIVES WITH BLOOD-SH GROUPS, ESPECIALLY GLUTATHIONE AND HEMOGLOBIN
    Isamu UTSUMI, Keiichi KOHNO, Yoshiaki KAKIE, Masakazu MIZOBE
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 264-275
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_264
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    Kinetic and experimental studies were made on the exchange reaction of acyl-TDS, TAD and TGD with GSH, PA-SH and Hb-SH, respectively. Second order reaction rate constants were estimated at pH 7.30,37℃ in vitro, as listed in table 2,suggesting the role of GSH for the main reactant in erythrocytes. Addition of TAD or acyl-TDS to intact human or rabbit erythrocytes suspension caused the rapid consumption of GSH and the slower decrease of Hb-SH in erythrocytes. The GSH consumed was found to be reproduced within five to ten minutes, and the mechanism was deduced to be an action of glutathione reductase. On intravenous injection of 25 mg/kg BuTDS in rabbit the similar changes in blood GSH content were also observed. From these results, metabolism of the disulfide type thiamine derivatives in blood was discussed.
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  • STUDIES ON THIAMINE DISULFIDE : (XXX) SYNTHESIS OF THIAMINE PYRIDYLMETHYL-DISULFIDE DERIVATIVES
    Isamu UTSUMI, Toshio WATANABE, Goro TSUKAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 276-283
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_276
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    Thiamine pyridylmethyldisulfide derivatives (I)〜(IV) have been prepared by the reaction of thiolsulfinate-type thiamines with mercaptomethylpyridine derivatives.
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  • STUDY ON INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF SUGAR IN THIAMINE OR RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY
    Yasuhiro HARA, Hideyuki WAKASUGI, Isao TAKAHASHI, Kazuma MIYAZI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 284-288
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_284
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    The intestinal transport of sugar was examined with thiamine or riboflavin-deficient rats and mice, using D-glucose, which is actively absorbed and metabolized and 3-O-methylgulcose which is actively absorbed but non-metabolized. In thiamine deficiency, the transport of glucose was drastically decreased when 100mg% of glucose was placed on mucosal side, in situ, whereas that of methylglucose showed only little decrease. In riboflavin-deficiency, the transport of methylglucose was markedly inhibited, while that of glucose showed only little inhibition. From these result, it may conclude that in thiamine-deficiency, the disturbance is much more considerable in the metabolism in epithelial cells than in the active transport of sugar, on the other hand in riboflavin-deficiency, the active transport is directly inhibited.
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  • STUDIES ON FATTY ACID ESTERS OF FLAVINS : (XVI) EXCRETION OF RIBOFLAVIN AND RIBOFLAVIN BUTYRATE INTO BILE OF RAT AFTER INJECTION OF ^<14>C-LABELED RIBOFLAVIN TETRABUTYRATE
    Kunio YAGI, Masako YAMADA, Jun OKUDA
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 289-293
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_289
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    Riboflavin-2-^<14>C or its tetrabutyrate was injected to rats and the excretion of riboflavin and its butyrate into bile and feces was studied. In the case of riboflavin-2-^<14>C injection (400μg, total count 2.19×10^5cpm), 41.25μg (total count 6.58×10^3cpm) were excreted into bile during 3 hours after the injection and 40.9μg (total count 2.07×10^3cpm) into feces during 72 hours after the injection. In the case of riboflavin tetrabutyrate-2-^<14>C injection (400μg in terms of riboflavin, total count 2.19×10^5cpm), only 6.75μg (total count 2.14×10^3cpm) of riboflavin and riboflavin tetrabutyrate was excreted into bile during 3 hours after the injection, 74.6μg (total count 4.68×10^3cpm) into feces during 72 hours after the injection.
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  • CLINICAL APPLICATION OF HOMOPANTOTHENIC ACID : (II) LONG-TERM ADMINSTRATION IN CEREBRAL PALSY AND POSTENCEPHALITIC SEQUELAE
    Yoshito NISHIZAWA, Teisuke KODAMA, Michio KOIKE, Norihiko TSUDA, Kanam ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 294-305
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_294
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    Homopantothenic acid was given orally in a dose of 1g/day for 1-38 months (mean 8.8 months) in 54 cases of cerebral palsy and 21 cases of postencephalitic sequelae and the following results were obtained. The rates of effectiveness were 75% clinically and 66% electroencephalographically. In the electroencephalogram, a trend for normalization of the slow wave dysrrhythmia was already present after one month of medication and a trend for improvement in the asymmetry, low voltage and spike discharge was noted by treatment of 6 months or more. Eleven similar cases were followed for 3-18 months (mean 9.1 month) without administration of homopantothenic acid as the control group but no trend for improvement was observed and on the contrary, some of the cases showed exacerbation. No side effects were observed in any of the cases given homopantothenic acid.
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  • STUDIES ON CYCLOCARBOTHIAMINE : (VI) INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF CYCLOCARBOTHIAMINE
    Yuichi SHIOBARA, Masuo MURAKAMI
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 306-310
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_306
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    Intestinal absorption of cyclocarbothiamine (CCT) was studied with the following results. (1) CCT was absorbed from the ligated segment of rat intestine far more rapidly than thiamine. (2) Metabolic change of CCT in the intestinal lumen was examined in different species of animals. The compound was stable in rats, whereas in rabbits and guinea pigs a part of CCT changed into thiamine in the intestinal tract. (3) CCT was not decomposed when incubated in a culture of thiaminase-producing intestinal bacteria, such as Bacillus thiaminolyticus and Bacillus aneurinolyticus. (4) Mesenteric venous blood was analysed for CCT and thiamine following injection of CCT into the ligated segment of rabbit intestine. When CCT was given in a small amount, only thiamine was detected in the blood. With the increase of dosage, however, CCT was detected unaltered together with thiamine. It was concluded that CCT was absorbed from the intestine as such and rapidly transformed into thiamine in the blood.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 311-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_311_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 311-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_311_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 311-312
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_311_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 312-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_312_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 312-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_312_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 312-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_312_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 313-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_313_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 313-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_313_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 314-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_314_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 314-315
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_314_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 315-
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_315_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1968 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 315-316
    Published: March 25, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.37.3_315_2
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