VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 61, Issue 11
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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  • Enzymatic Studies on NAD-dependent Amino Acid Dehydrogenases and Their Application
    Toshihisa OHSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 535-548
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_535
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Amino acid dehydrogenases are oxidoreductases catalyzing the reversible deamination of amino acids to the α-keto acids in the presence of NAD or NADP. These enzymes play an important role at the junction between amino acid and organic acid metabolism, or organic and inorganic nitrogen metabolism in living cells. In this study, NAD-dependent leucine and alanine dehydrogenases from Bacillus sphaericus were purified and crystallized, and their physicochemical and enzymatical characteristics and antitumor activity were demonstrated. The peculiarities of the thermostable leucine dehydrogenase purified from B. stearothermophilus were also presented. The thermostable leucine and alanine dehydrogenase genes were cloned in Escherichia coli for high production of these enzymes. Simple and rapid purification methods of the two enzymes from the cloned cells are elucidated. Moreover, some applications of these enzymes were demonstrated : e.g., the determination of amino acids and α-keto acids, clinical analysis and production of amino acids in an enzyme membrane reactor.
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  • Alteration of Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism by Hormones and Nutrients
    Hiroo SANADA
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 549-562
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_549
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effects of various hormones and nutrients on the tryptophan-niacin metabolism and on its key enzyme α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) were investigated. In diabetic rats, liver ACMSD activity was elevated but administration of insulin failed to normalize the activity. On the other hand, liver ACMSD activity was increased by dietary protein or adrenocortical hormone. On the contrary, the activity was suppressed by dietary fat or administration of pituitary hormones such as somatotropin, prolactin and unidentified low molecular peptide. In most cases, the amount of tryptophan metabolized through NAD pathway was increased according to the reduction of liver ACMSD activity.
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  • Effect of Vitamin K_2 on the Change of Bone γ-Carboxyglutamic Acid-Containing Protein in Bone of Newborn Rats
    Kayo HOSHIBA, Sachiko MORIUCHI, Muneyoshi YOSHlNAGA, Chiharu TSUTSUMI, ...
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 563-567
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_563
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effects of vitamin K_2 injection into newborn rats on bone γ-carboxy-glutamic acid-containing protein (BGP) levels in calvaria and serum were ob-served in relation to those on calcium metabolism. Rat BGP was determined by radioimmunoassay using antiserum to purified rat BGP. The injection of vitamin K_2 into the newborn rats at birth and 2 days after birth resulted in the significant decrease of serum BGP levels compared with control rats. However, the non-γ-carboxylated serum BGP levels were decreased by vitamin K_2. On the other hand, bone BGP levels were significantly increased by vitamin K_2. The change of bone BGP levels after vitamin K_2 injection was correlated with the increases of bone calcium, inorganic phosphorus contents and bone alkaline phosphatase activity. These results suggest that vitamin K_2 may directly or indirectly mediate BGP deposition in bone associated with calcium metabolism.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 569-571
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_569
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 571-573
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_571
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (439K)
  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 573-574
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_573
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (334K)
  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 574-577
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_574
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (428K)
  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1987 Volume 61 Issue 11 Pages 577-579
    Published: November 25, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.61.11_577
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (327K)
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