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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
232-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Chikataro KAWASAKI, Takatomo HORIO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
233-237
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Using the benzoyl peroxide-NaOH method, thiothiamine can be estimated nearly to 100% recovery in its mixture with thiamine. If thiamine is determined by the ferricyanide method in the presence of thiothiamine, the thiamine value obtained, is somewhat higher than the expected one, because thiothiamine is partly converted into thiamine in its dilute solution. Pure recrystallized thiothiamine in its freshly dissolved solution, does not yield thiochrome by the ferricyanide method and even 1 mg thiothiamine in nitrogen-saturated water yields less than 0.2% of the theoretical value. Thus thiamine is successfully estimated by the ferricyanide method if the autooxidation of thiothiamine in the mixture is avoided. Thiothiamine-analogous compounds ; α-aceto-γ-acetoxypropyl-(2-methyl-4-aminopyrimidyl-5)-methyl-dithiocarbamate (I), dihydrothiamine [3-(2'-methyl-4'-aminopyrimidyl-5')-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethyl-2,3 thiazoline] and oxo-thiamine [3-(2'-methyl-4'-aminopyrimidyl-5')-methyl-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethyl-thiazolone-2] are proved not to be transformed into thiochrome by the benzoyl peroxide-NaOH method. (I) is warmed with dilute hydrochloric acid and then it proves to be positive by this method ; thus thio-thiamine formation from (I) is shown. We can say the value estimated by the benzoyl peroxide-NaOH method is very reliable and characteristic for thiothiamine.
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Seiichi TANIGUCHI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
238-242
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Pyridoxine plus pyridoxamine, pyridoxal and 4-pyridoxic acid were determined in the liver, kidney, brain and blood 15 and 30 minutes, and 1,2,6 and 24 hours after subcutaneous injection of 5 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride to the normal rabbit. The results showed that the majority of pyridoxine administered changed into pyridoxal, a part of the vitamin existed as pyridoxine plus pyridoxamine, while a part as 4-pyridoxic acid in various organs.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
242-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
242-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
242-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Toshiro SHINAGAWA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
243-245
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Over-dose of diphosphothiamine had no effect on the urinary excretion of B-vitamins in the rabbit. Niacin rather than methylnicotinamide was increased in the rabbit urine after thiamine administration.
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Kunio OKUDA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
246-252
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1957 Volume 12 Pages
253-254
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1957 Volume 12 Pages
255-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1957 Volume 12 Pages
255-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1957 Volume 12 Pages
255-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1957 Volume 12 Pages
255-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
256-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
256-258
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
258-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
258-259
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
259-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
260-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
260-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
260-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
260-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
260-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Fumio SAITO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
261-268
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Eiichi HIRAOKA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
269-272
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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The indophenol-xylene extraction method for determination of vitamin C was modified as to be used for testing preparations containing coloured substances. For such preparations and coloured vegetables, this method is superior to the indophenol titration method.
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Eiichi HIRAOKA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
272-275
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Iodine titration method, indophenole titration method, indophenole-xylene extraction method and 2-nitro-4-methoxy-aniline method were compared each other to find out which is most suitable for determining vitamin C in preparations containing minerals. Both the iodine titration method and the indophenole-xylene extraction method were the best, but the latter may be preferable when organic reductive stabilizers are present in preparations.
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Isao NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
276-279
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Investigations were made on technical conditions appropriate for Bessey's method. The optima of pH of alkaline phosphatases for serum, bone, kidney and intestine are 10.4,10.6,10.6 and 9.2,respectively. The incubating time should not exceed 30 minutes, since the rate of increase of activity is not lineal, but disturbed slightly after 25-30 minutes. The optimal substrate concentraions are 2×10^<-2> in serum, 5×10^<-3> in bone, 4×10^<-4> in kidney and 7×10^<-2> mol in intestine. Km calculated are as follows : Serum 1.3×10^<-4>, bone 1.8×10^<-5>, kidney 7.4×10^<-4>, intestine 7.4×10^<-3>
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
279-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Koichi MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
280-285
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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W. Yonezawa and F. Aoki clarified that a thiaminase-carrying yeast like fungus isolated from the oral cavity belonged to genus Trichosporon. Further, M. Ota reported a specific thiamine requirement of this fungus. The author compared this fungus with some other strains of Trichosporon cutaneum, and found that the Y・A strain can be discriminated from Trichosporon cutaneum from the morphological, physiological, as well as nutritional points of view and also in the production of thiaminase II. The author concluded that the fungus is a new species, closely related to, but different in some respects, from Trichosporon cutaneum.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
285-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
285-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Hideo IKEHATA, Kiku MURATA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
286-290
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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It was observed that the crude thiaminase II of Bacillus aneurinolyticus could not accelerate the decomposition of cocarboxylase, whereas the crude thiaminase I of B. thiaminolyticus and shell-fish could accelerate it directly. Although pyrimidine compound and thiazole phosphate were detected on a paper strip of paper partition chromatography as decomposition products of cocarboxylase by the crude thiaminase I of B. thiaminolyticus, it was recognized that pyrimidine compound and free thiazole were the end products in the case of crude thiaminase I of shell-fish. However, it was found that thiaminase I of shell-fish also destroyed cocarboxylase directly into pyrimidine compound and thiazole phosphate when NaF or Na_2MoO_4 was used as a phosphatase inhibitor in the reaction mixture of cocarboxylase and the crude thiaminase solution.
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Shinto CHIN, Keika RYO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
291-295
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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For histochemical observation of vitamin D the authors contrived a new method using fluorescence microscopy. The procedures of the method were described. By this method vitamin D was found as yellow granules in the cytoplasm of the cells. Its distribution in the digestive canal, liver, lungs, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys etc. were studied, and the authors concluded that the vitamin is mainly absorbed from the jejunum and ileum, stored in the liver adipose tissues, adrenal glands, lungs, spleen, bones, etc. and excreted chiefly from the small intestine and kidneys.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
295-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
295-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Ryoji ASAYAMA, Ei SAKAUE, Saburo TANAKA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
296-301
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Albino rabbits were used and Thyradin, Pretiron and Methiocil were administrated subcutaneously or intravenously. After various intervals, thiamine contents of the retina, choroid, optic nerve, vitreous body, aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid and blood were estimated by the thiochrome method. The animals were then thyroidectomized and after a lapse of 1,2 and 4 weeks the thiamine content of the ocular tissues and cerebrospinal fluid was estimated. The main results were as follows : 1) The administration of Thyradin (2 ml per kg) caused an increase of total thiamine content, especially combined thiamine, in the ocular tissues and cerebrospinal fluid. The authors consider that the imigration of thiamine was increased by Thyradin, while phosphoration was specially accelerated. 2) The continuous administraion of Thyradin (0.1 ml per kg) caused a marked decrease of thiamine content. This diminution may be due to an excess of metabolism in ocular tissues aroused by the administration of thyroid hormone. 3) The continuous administration of Methiocil (100 mg per kg) resulted in a marked increase of thiamine content in the ocular tissues and cerebrospinal fluid. Two weeks after the thyroidectomy, the thiamine content increased markedly too. The authors consider that the increase of thiamine content is due to the reduction of metabolism caused by the administration of Methiocil or thyroidectomy. 4) The administration of Pretiron (300 units per kg) and thiamine caused a more remarkable increase of total thiamine content, especially combined one, in the ocular tissues and cerebrospinal fluid than the administration of thiamine alone. This increase in the combined thiamine seems to be due to an acceleration of phosphoration caused by thyrotropic hormone.
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Hideko BESSHO, Hiroko ISAHAYA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
301-304
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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When "free" and "bound" forms of thiamine in beef were determined by the usual thiochrome method, the amount of detectable substance increased when the sample was reduced by cysteine. The amount varied from one and another portion of beef, and was the largest in sirloin.
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Tadao IIDA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
305-318
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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There are two different views on the absorption of thiamine from intestinal tract. One of them is a physical absorption theory based on diffusion, etc. and another a phosphorylation theory. The investigation on the effect of bile on thiamine indicated that there was a significant difference in the disappearance of thiochrome reaction of the vitamin added to bile between normal bile and that of hepatic disease. Bile seems to be participated in the absorption of thiamine from intestinal tract, since the rate of decreasing thiochrome reaction with normal bile was higher than that of hepatic disease. Comparative estimation of total and free thiamine of portal blood, liver, and peripheral blood was made after injection into duodenum of the vitamin with normal bile and with that of hepatic disense. The result indicated that in case of bile of hepatic disease free thiamine increased in portal blood, but remained constant in peripheral blood, while in case of normal bile combined form of the vitamin in portal blood. These findings suggest that thiamine might be absorbed as a phosphorylated form. Furthermore, experiment on the urinary excretion of the vitamin and the content in the liver showed that the absorption of the vitamin was inferior in dogs with hepatic disease. When thiamine was orally administered to patientts with protal hypertension, the vitamin in peripheral blood did not so much increase, while when the vitamin was parenterally given and liver protecting treatment was performed, total and combined form of the vitamin did not so much increase in patients with severe hepatic disease, but the combined form of the vitamin increased to some extent in patients with light hepatic disease. Pareuteral administration of thiamine and simultaneous liver protecting treatment seem to be necessary for patients with hepatic disease.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
318-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Hideo DOI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
319-321
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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The thiamine contents in the blood and the neural tissues of rabbits, dogs and cats fed with normal food were measured with fluorophotometer, according to BrCN-method. The normal thiamine contents in these animals were 10〜20μg% in blood, 120〜200μg% in brain, 85〜105μg% in spinal cord and 30〜40μg% in nerve.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
321-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Hideo DOI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
322-328
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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White male rabbits were divided into 2 groups, and injected with thiamine or thiaminepropyldisulfide, 2 mg per kilogram respectively. Then the thiamine contents in the blood and the neural tissues were measured following the course of time. Immediately after the intravenous injection, thiamine contents in the blood showed the maximum value and it diminished with the lapse of time thereafter. Generally, the rate of increase of thiamine contents in the neural tissues after the administration was slower than that in the blood. Thiaminepropyldisulfide had a stronger power of increasing thiamine contents in the blood and the neural tissues than thiamine, and the maintenance of high concentration was apparently more pronounced also.
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Hideo DOI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
328-333
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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White male rabbits were divided into 2 groups, and injected with thiamine or thiaminepropyldisulfide 2 mg per kilogram daily, for several days. The animals were killed at 36〜40 hours after the last injection and the thiamine contents in the blood and the neural tissues were measured. The concentration of thiamine in the blood did not increase even after 60 days of consecutive administration. Thiamine in the neural tissues was increased with successive administration and its tendency was more pronounced in the thiaminepropyldisulfide group than the thiamine group.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
333-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
333-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
333-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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Shinto CHIN
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
334-340
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
341-342
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
342-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
342-343
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
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