-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
362-363
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
363-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
363-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
363-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
363-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
363-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
364-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
364-365
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
365-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
366-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
366-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
366-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
366-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
366-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Nobuhiko KATUNUMA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
367-375
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Toshio NIHMURA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
376-377
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Fourteen multiple-vitamin preparations, ten tablets and powders and four liquids, were assayed of their vitamin B_<12> activity. The method employed for microbiological determination is a modification of the U.S.P. XV procedure employing Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC No 7830. The analytical data obtained hereof and the corresponding data obtained from the published reports are presented in Fig.1 and Fig.2. The vitamin activities found are expressed as percentages of the labeled potencies. As shown in these figures, tablets and capules show fairly satisfactory activities over 90% of all samples, and a few samples of 2-3 years old are found much below the labeled potencies. The lack of stability of vitamin B_<12> is particularly noticed in oral liquids.
View full abstract
-
Keiji INAMI, Akihide OHARA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
378-382
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
For chemical determination of niacinamide in multivitamin preparations, a modified Scudi's method of fluorometry was used. From the results of numerous experiments with pure niacinamide the following procedures were found to be suitable for routine work. One ml of BrCN was pipetted into 2 ml of niacinamide solution which was dissolved in phosphate buffer(pH 7), the solution was kept at 80℃ for 7 minutes and 7ml of 0.75 N NaOH was added to it. After allowing to stand for one hour, the intensity of the fluorescence was measured. The optimal range of concentration for this method was 0.1〜1.0 μg/ml. The formation of fluorescent substance was also studied by measuring changes of the ultraviolet absorption spectra at each step of the reaction.
View full abstract
-
Keiji INAMI, Akihide OHARA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
383-387
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The fluorometric assay of niacinamide described in our previous paper could be applied multivitamin preparations by removing thiamine and surface active agents. Riboflavin, vitamin B_6,folic acid and ascorbic acid did not disturb the determination. Thiamine could be removed by Fullers' earth, and the surface active agents which were added to make fat-soluble vitamins soluble could be extracted with chloroform. Recovery of niacinamide quantity in commercial preparations was practically 100% in this method.
View full abstract
-
Takashi YUSA, Michikazu NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
388-391
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Sodium-fluoride inhibits, as is well known, the biosynthesis of cocarboxylase by yeast. By careful study of the process of inhibition, we have succeeded in explaining the pathways prevailing in the synthesis of cocarboxylase in yeast. In bakers' yeast cocarboxylase is biosynthesized from thiamine and ATP by phosphorylation with the aid of thiaminokinase. On the other hand ATP, which is produced from phospho-enol-pyruvic acid, appearing in the process of glycolysis, proves to be an important source of phosphate in the mechanism of thiamine phosphorylation, and the mechanism of cocarboxylase biosynthesis by yeast from phospho-enolpyruvic acid is proved to be the same as by animal tissue.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
391-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tsunetoshi HINO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
392-394
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Fundamental investigations were made on thiamine derivatives used for the enrichment chewing gum. Thiaminemononitrate and -propyldisulfide were recognized to be unsuitable owing of to their taste and smell. Dibenzoylthiamine also seemed to be unsuitable due to its difficult solubility in the oral cavity during chewing. Thiaminehydrochloride was more or less undesirable because of its smell. Thiaminedicetylsulfate was most suitable, since the gum enriched with the derivative had neither smell nor taste, and about 90% of thiaminedicetylsulfate in the gum could be dissolved out within 7 minutes chewing.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
394-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
394-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
394-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
394-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Itaru UTONISHI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
395-401
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Diphosphopyridinenucleotide (DPN), and also adenosine used as a contrast, had a stimulating action on the uterus and bladder, and a relaxing effect on the intestines. The stimulating action of DPN on the uterus was decreased by papaverine. All the above actions were abclished by the use of atropine and pyribenzamine. Therefore, it would be justifiable to consider that DPN does not act on nervous centers, but acts on the periphery. Dilatations of blood vessels, congestions and localized bleedings were found in histological specimens when an over-dose of DPN had been given.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
401-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
401-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
401-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Shuzo KUBO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
402-404
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The effect of thiamine on the therapeutic action of sulfadiazine and sulfathiazole was compared with that of p-aminobenzoic acid in mice. In mice innoculated with Bacillus anthracis thiamine and p-aminobenzoic acid reduced the therapeutic effects of sulfadiazine and sulfathiazole, but the effect was far less in thiamine than in p-aminobenzoic acid. In mice not innoculated with the Bacillus, thiamine and p-aminobenzoic acid reduced markedly the lethal dosis of the sulfa drugs.
View full abstract
-
Shuzo KUBO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
405-411
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The author measured the respiration of microbes under the presence of two kinds of drugs, which antagonize one to another by their structural resemblance, for instance, thiamine and sulfathiazole or sulfadiazine, by the method of Cartesian-Diver's microrespirometer. On the growth and the respiration of microbes, the effect of thiamine antagonized that of sulfadiazine and sulfathiazole, but more pronouncedly that of PABA. Among the thiamine homologues, thiamine-propyl- and allyldisulfide alleviated the suppression of respiration by sulfa drugs at early stage. These results seem to suggest that thiamine homologues pass more repidly through the membrane than thiamine.
View full abstract
-
Teijiro KAMIHARA
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
411-414
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Reinvestigation was made on the unknown thiamine derivatives of free and bound forms found in beef by Bessho and Isahaya showing thiochrome reaction by adding cysteine. The experiments carried out by various extraction methods showed the presence of the unknown derivatives in beef. The amount of the derivatives, however, could not be measured by the reduction method by cysteine since a part of thiaminedisulfide added to the homogenate was reduced with the reducing agents contained naturally in beef and a part of the thiaminedisulfide seemed to be adsorbed on the precipitate during the centrifugation of the homogenate.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
414-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
414-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
414-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
414-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yukui HATTORI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
415-424
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The effects of X ray whole body irradiation on the riboflavin contents in various tissues, blood and urine of adult male rats, fed with a standard diet were observed. 1) In 72 hours after a single irradiation with dose of 800 r the riboflavin concentration increased in the spleen, lungs, heart, intestines, stomach, brain and kidneys, but decreased in the skin and blood. The liver and muscle, however, had no marked changes. On the other hand, the riboflavin content iucreased in the heart and lungs, but decreased in the spleen and skin. The ratio of the ester form of riboflavin to the total lowered in general, especially in the blood and intestines, except in urine. 2) The above changes in riboflavin distribution in 72 hours after a single irradiations with various dosages varied in degree according to doses of X rays (400,600,800r). 3) Observations were made at the 24th, 48th, and 72nd hour after a single irradiation with dose of 800r. The changes of vitamin distribution were found to increase with progress of time. 4) Repeated irradiations with daily dose of 25r for 32 days caused only slight changes in the vitamin distribution. 5) From the above results, it may be considered that the changes in the riboflavin distribution in tissues, blood and urine of rats depend not only upon primary factors for X ray irradiation, such as the sensitivity of each tissue to X rays, the destruction of flavoprotein by the disturbance of DNA metabolism and the insufficiency of riboflavin metabolism in liver, but also upon the dynamics of physiological reactions to irradiation stress.
View full abstract
-
Yukui HATTORI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
424-427
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The effects of X ray whole body irradiation on the riboflavin distribution in some tissues of adult male rats were observed by the paper partition chromatography. In 72 hours after a single irradiation with dose of 800r, the riboflavin concentration rose prominently in the spleen and slightly in the heart, kidneys and liver. Among three fractions of riboflavin, FAD decreased and FMN and free vitamin increased prominently in the liver, moderately in the heart and kidneys, and slightly in the spleen. The proportion of the respective fraction to the total riboflavin varied only slightly among various tissues of the irradiated rat, while the variation was considerable in the nonirradiated control. From the above results, it may be concluded that the X ray irradiation lowers the riboflavin utilization of tissues and the esterification of the vitamin in the liver and kidneys. The spleen seems, however, to take a particular attitude with regard to the effect of irradiation on riboflavin distribution.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
427-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
427-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yukui HATTORI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
428-436
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
It was studied, whether the change of riboflavin contents in tissues of the X ray irradiated rat, reported in previous papers were due to a direct effect of irradiation. 1) In rats fed on such a small amount of diet as taken by post irradiated rats, only slight change of the riboflavin distribution in tissues were detected. The marked change of riboflavin contents in various tissues of the irradiated rat seems therefore not to have been caused by fasting, but by the action of irradiation. 2) On the contrary the loss of body weight and the increased riboflavin excretion in irradiated rats seem to be ascribed not to the effect of irradiation, but to fasting, because similar changes were observed in fasting rats. 3) Changes in weight, water content and histological features of tissues of the irradiated rat were, in general, more prominent in the tissues which showed considerable change in riboflavin distribution, but the degree of both change was not parallel. It may therefore be considered that these changes are manifestations of morphological and functional changes induced by the irradiation. 4) From the above results, it may be concluded that the change of riboflavin contents in tissues of the post irradiated rat is a phenomenon characteristic, though not specific, to X ray irradiation, although it may be modified by various other factors.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
436-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
436-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yukui HATTORI
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
437-442
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Observations were made on post irradiated change of riboflavin contents in various tissues of the adult rats which were injected subcutaneously with 0.3μg of riboflavin per gram of body weight everyday before, or before and after, 800r irradiation. 1) The change of riboflavin contents in tissues of the irradiated rats loaded with the vitamin before irradiation were similar as the change of non-loaded rats, but the degree of change was more slight. 2) In the irradiated rats loaded with the vitamin before and after irradiation, free riboflavin was collected in tissues sensitive to X rays and excreted in urine. 3) From the above results, it may be considered that the post irradiate dchange of riboflavin contents are prevented slightly by loading the vitamin before irradiation, and that the esterification and consumption of riboflavin administered after irradiation are disturbed in tissues sensitive to X rays.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
442-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
442-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
442-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
442-
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Seitaro IMOTO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
443-453
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Investigations were made on the change in thiamine content in the blood and skin of rabbit due to an electrical stimulation to hypothalamus of the animal using Kurotsu' apparatus. Total thiamine content in blood of the healthy adult male animal showed a marked increase promptly 10 minutes after the stimulation to b-sympathetic zone, while a slight decrease by the stimulation to c-parasympathetic zone. Total and free thiamine of the skin were decreased by the stimulation to b-sympathetic zone, while no change was observed by the treatment to c-parasympathetic zone. When 500μg of thiamine per kg of body weight was intravenously injected, the maximum vitamin level in blood and skin were observed five and sixty minutes after the administration, respectively.
View full abstract
-
Seitaro IMOTO
Article type: Article
1957 Volume 12 Pages
453-460
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Investigations were made on the change in pyruvic acid content in the blood and skin of rabbit due to an electrical stimulation to hypothalamus of the animal using Kurotsu' apparatus. A marked increase was recognized in the pyruvic acid content both in the blood and skin by the stimulation to b-sympathetic zone, while no change was observed by the treatment to c-parasympathetic zone.
View full abstract