VITAMINS

Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X

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Volume 16

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 386-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_386_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 386-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_386_2

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STUDIES ON THE RIBOFLAVIN METABOLISM BEFORE AND AFTER LABOR : (III) ON THE RIBOFLAVIN CONTENTS IN VARIOUS TISSUES OF PREGNANT MICE

Fumihiko MURAI

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 387-391
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_387

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The weight and riboflavin content of various tissues of healthy mice were measured in the stages of non-pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation. Liver weight in pregnancy indicated a tendency of increasing as compared with that in non-pregnancy, but there was no marked change in the weights of the heart and kidney independently of pregnancy. A decrease of riboflavin content was recognized in the liver in both pregnancy and lactation, especially in the latter and the vitamin content of the whole liver decreased, while no significant change was found in the vitamin content of heart and kidney.

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ON THE FLUORESCENT SUBSTANCE IN THE BLOOD IN THE DETERMINAION OF RIBOFLAVIN BY LUMIFLAVIN METHOD

Fumihiko MURAI, Takeo OKUBO, Chang Kuo SHIEN

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 392-395
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_392

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It was confirmed by in vitro experiments and paper chromatography that the simultaneous presence of large quantities of thiamine or its derivatives and riboflavin, caused a formation of unknown fluorescent substance besides lumiflavin and thiochrome, in the determination of riboflavin by lumifiavin method. The fluorescent substance seemed to be derived from thiamine but it was not formed in case of thiamine disulfide except for the case of presence of reducing substances such as blood. The substance was produced by photolysis in alkaline media, it was transferred to chloroform in acidic media and stable for the oxidation by permanganate.

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RIBOFLAVIN CONTENTS IN VARIOUS ORGANS, BLOOD AND URINE AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF A LARGE AMOUNT OF THIAMINE

Fumihiko MURAI

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 396-400
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_396

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The influence of a large amount of thiamine parenterally administered on riboflavin content in the organs, blood and urine was investigated with mice and rabbits. The estimation of riboflavin in the liver, kidney, heart and brain was conducted on the 10th and 20th day after continuous injection of a large amount of thiamine hydrochloride (150 μg or 300 μg/day) or thiamine propyldisulfide (75 μg or 150 μg/day) to mice. No marked difference was observed between experimental and control groups. On the other hand, no timely change was recognized in the blood riboflavin levels of rabbits to which 40 mg/kg of thiamine propyl disulfide or thiamine hydrochloride was injected. Continuous injections of 40 mg/kg of thiamine propyldisulfide or thiamine hydrochloride to rabbits for 5 days caused a marked increase of urinary riboflavin after the first injection, but on the contrary a decrease resulting in the lower value than that prior to the injection after the second day.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 400-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_400

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STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF NOT ENVIRONMENT ON THE THIAMINE METABOLISM : (I) ON THE THIAMINE CONTENT IN THE ORGANS OF ANIMALS EXPOSED TO HOT ENVIRONMENT

Yasuhiro YADA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 401-405
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_401

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This article deals with the investigations in thiamine content in the organs of DD-strain mice with the administration of a definite amount of thiamine, exposed to hot environments under various conditions in a comparison with those kept at room temperature. No difference was observed in the thiamine contents between the two groups. Consequently, it is considered that the hot environment might not promote the metabolism of thiamine in the bodies.

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STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE ON HOT ENVIRONMET ON THE THIAMINE METABOLISM : (II) ON THE CONTENT OF THIAMINE IN SWEAT AND URINE AT THE EXPOSURE TO HOT ENVIRONMENT

Yasuhiro YADA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 406-410
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_406

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Thiamine concentration in the sweat and blood, and its daily urinary excretion were estimated with 6 healthy male students exposed to hot environment (42-43℃, 100% humidity) for about 30 minutes. Average thiamine content of 0.24 μg/dl in the sweat indicates that the excretion of the vitamin in the sweat is extraordinary low. The thiamine concentration in the sweat varied with that in the blood plasma. No definite tendency could not be observed in the urinary thiamine level as well as in the urinary excretion of the vitamin in case of the exposure to hot environment. This finding shows that the exposure to hot environment might not promote the excretion of thiamine in the urine.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 410-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_410_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 410-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_410_2

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STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF HOT ENVIRONMENT ON THE THIAMINE METABOLISM : (III) ON THE RATE OF ESTERIFICATION OF THIAMINE IN THE ORGANS OF THE ANIMALS EXPOSED TO HOT ENVIRONMENT

Yasuhiro YADA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 411-415
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_411

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The influence of high temperature on the rate of esterification of thiamine in the body was examined by exposing DD-strain mice to hot environment. The treatment did not exert any influence on the content of thiamine phosphate and the rate of esterification in the organs, or the promotion of thiamine metabolism. The findings obtained suggest that the principal cause of thiamine deficiency which is apt to occur in the summer and in the case of exposure to hot environment might be the shortage of thiamine intake through foods due to the loss of appetite and the change of taste at high temperature.

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STUDIES ON THE ASCORBIC ACID METABOLISM OF ANIMALS IN HIGH TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT : (I) ON THE ASCORBIC ACID CONTENT OF ANIMAL TISSUES SUDDENLY EXPOSED TO HOT ENVIRONMENT

Megumu KURIOKA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 415-421
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_415

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The effects of high temperature environment and ACTH on the ascorbic acid content in adrenal gland and other tissues of guinea pig, rabbit and albino rat were investigated. The ascorbic acid contents of liver, kidney and spleen, especially of adrenal gland decreased in case that the animals were suddenly exposed to a high temperature environment for one hour, but it was gradually restored to a normal level in subsequent 24 hours, while the decrease of the contents in the liver, kidney and spleen were only a few percent. By daily exposure to a hot environment, the rate of decrease of ascorbic acid content in the adrenal gland was reduced to lower degree, possibly because of the acclimatization or adaptation of the animals to a hot environment. The similar patterns were observed also in the ACTH administration.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 421-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_421_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 421-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_421_2

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STUDIES ON THE ASCORBIC ACID METABOLISM OF ANIMALS IN HIGH TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT : (II) ON THE ASCORBIC ACID CONTENT AT CONTINUOUS LONG-TIME EXPOSURE TO HOT ENVIRONMENT

Megumu KURIOKA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 422-425
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_422

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Guinea pigs were exposed to a hot environment (35℃, 60-65% humidity) for 8 hours daily for 3 weeks. The change of the ascorbic acid content in their various tissues were investigated thereby. A long-time exposure to a hot environment less than 35℃ did not cause a decrease in the ascorbic acid content of the tissues. This finding suggests that the animals might have adapted to a high temperature environment and that a long-time exposure to the treatment might not cause a promotion of ascorbic acid metabolism.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 425-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_425_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 425-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_425_2

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SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF ASCORBIC ACID AND CHOLINE IN SERUM

Minoru OTA, Minoru NOMURA, Zenzaburo SHIBATA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 426-429
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_426

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The seasonal variations of the serum ascorbic acid and choline contents were studied on the farmers in the rice-producing districts of Iwate prefecture. The mean content of the serum ascorbic acid was 0.671±0.063mg/dl in June, 0.841±0.187 mg/dl in August, 1.080±0.244 mg/dl in November and 0.518±0.092 mg/dl in February. Those of the serum choline were 33.4±11.0,39.9±17.6,39.4±14.5,and 31.9±7.9mg/dl in the same order.

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE RIBOFIAVIN METABOLISM AT X-RAYS IRRADIATION : (I) INFLUENCE OF X-RAYS IRRADIATION ON THE RIBOFLAVIN CONTENTS OF THE ORGANS

Hiroshi OKUDA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 430-444
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_430

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Measurement was made on the riboflavin content in the organs of mice which were subjected once to whole body X-rays irradiation. Within 24 hours after 850 or 550 r irradiation, a decrease was observed in the riboflavin content in the liver and kidney, which seems to be primary change due to irradiation. The riboflavin content in the liver and kidney began to lower again 5-7 days after irradiation, and the most marked decrease was observed 10-14 days thereafter. The change seems to have been caused by the accumulation of the secondary changes. Only a slight change was recognized in the riboflavin content in the heart and muscle. Primary change after 350 r irradiation bore a startling resemblance to those after irradiation more than 550 r, but these secondary changes were lacking in the regularity due to the differences among individuals.

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE RIBOFLAVIN METABOLISM AT X-RAYS IRRADIATION : (II) INFLUENCES OF X-RAYS IRRADIATION ON THE BLOOD RIBOFLAVIN CONTENT AND THE URINARY RIBOFLAVIN LEVEL AND EFFECTS OF REDUCED GLUTATHIONE OR CYSTEAMINE ON THE RIBOFLAVIN CONTENT IN BLOOD AFTER X-RAYS IRRADIATION

Hiroshi OKUDA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 445-455
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_445

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Investigations were carried out on the riboflavin levels in the blood and in the urine of rabbits, of which the whole bodies were irradiated at a time by X-rays. There were observed a marked increase in the free riboflavin level in the blood in the initial stage after 800 r X-rays irradiation, which seemed to be originated in the organs, simultaneously a decrease in the bound form, and an increase in the urinary excretion of riboflavin. These seem to be primary changes by the irradiation. A temporary rise in the blood riboflavin, especially in its free form, which also seemed to be originated in the organs, was observed in 5-7 days after irradiation, but a striking decrease was recognized on the 10th day. In several cases, a remarkable increase of urinary riboflavin was observed on the 7-10th day. These findings seem to be secondary changes by irradiation. The change of riboflavin level in the blood after 600 r irradiation was smaller than that after the treatment with 800 r. An administration of reduced glutathione prior to irradiation lessened the change of the riboflavin level in the blood after the irradiation. An administration of cysteamine prior to irradiation did not exert so much influence on the blood riboflavin level after the irradiation as that with reduced glutathione.

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EFFECTS OF X-RAYS AND GAMMA RAYS ON RIBOFLAVIN, FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE AND FLAVIN ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE

Masashichi NISHIO, Hiroshi OKUDA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 456-459
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_456

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Investigations were made on the effects of X-rays or γ-rays irradiation on the aqueous solutions of riboflavin, FMN and FAD. The free riboflavin was destroyed most rapidly by the irradiation, followed by FMN and FAD was most stable.

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SUGAR COMPOUNDS OF RIBOFLAVIN : (XI) RIBOFLAVINYLGLUCOSIDE FORMATION IN GERMINATING PUNPKIN AND SUGAR BEET

Sei TACHIBANA

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 459-460
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_459

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It was found that riboflavinylglucoside was formed from maltose and riboflavin by the extracts of cotyledons of Cucurbita pepo and Beta vulgaris.

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HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON RIBOFLAVIN

Taho LIAO

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 461-480
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_461

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Applying histochemical detection technique devised by our department, the distribution of riboflavin in animal ontogeny and phylogeny and moreover, in pathological materials of human cadavers and experimental CCl_4 toxicosis. The following results were obtained : 1. Characteristic distribution of riboflavin was noticed in each species in the animal kingdom, and then author discussed on the specificity of riboflavin distribution in each organ of living bodies on the phylogenitical view-point. 2. In higher animal the vitamin was found rich in such organs that enzymatic action of cells were excellent. 3. On the significance of riboflavin in eyeballs of aquatic animals, the author concluded that the optical function of riboflavin fluorescence played important role except enzymatic function. 4. In human embryo, a little riboflavin was found in early stadium, but the quantity of the vitamin were becoming more as embryo were growing up. 5. After describing the normal finding of riboflavin distribution in human being from the observation of sudden death cases such as apoplexy etc., the pathological pictures especialy on the case of hepatitis etc. were pointed out. 6. In the CCl_4 toxicosis the absorption of intestine was injured first, then the phosphorylation of the vitamin in liver cells and also reabsorption of epithelium of urinary tubules of the kidneys were injured.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 480-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_480_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 480-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_480_2

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ON THE HISTOCHEMICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THIAMINE IN NERVOUS TISSUES

Taho LIAO

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 481-484
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_481

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The author have studied on the histological distribution of thiamine in the nervous tissues of human beings, monkeys, rabbits and albino rats. The following resuts were obtained : 1. In the brain and spinal cord thiamine was found richer in nerve cells than in nerve fibres, and in glia cells the vitamin was less than in nerve cells. 2. The vitamin content of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord varied according to their functional states and locations. 3. In the ganglion thiamine distributed much in nerve cells, but poor in capsule cells. No difference of thiamine distribution was found among the kinds of nerve cells, but remarkable differences were found by functional conditions. 4. In the peripheral nerve fibres thiamine was less compared with central nervous tissues, but histologically thiamine found much in the axon and less in medullary sheath, but abundant in the Ranvier's node which was an entrance of the vitamin and inorganic substances etc.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 484-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_484_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 484-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_484_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 485-486
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_485

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 486-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_486_1

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 486-488
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_486_2

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 488-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_488_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 488-489
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_488_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 489-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_489_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 489-490
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_489_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 490-491
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_490

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 491-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_491

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 492-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_492_1

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 492-493
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_492_2

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 493-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_493_1

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 493-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_493_2

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 493-494
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_493_3

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 494-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_494_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 494-495
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_494_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 495-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_495_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 495-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_495_2

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 495-496
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_495_3

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 496-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_496_1

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[title in Japanese]

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Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 496-
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_496_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1959 Volume 16 Pages 496-497
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.16.0_496_3

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