昭和医学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 2185-0976
Print ISSN : 0037-4342
ISSN-L : 0037-4342
17 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
  • 城間 繁, 森 有永, 清水 弘一, 藤田 朝雄
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 419-422
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper, studies on the contraction caused by the administration of acetyicholine (Ach) in M. rectus abdominis of frog were reported. When this muscle was immersed' in the Ach. solution of various concentrations, it contracted rapidly at first, then reached to its maximal height, which was held as long as the action of Ach. was maintained. The muscle began to relax only when Ach. was washed off with Ringer's solution. for lnog time.
    The maximal contraction height was proportional to the logarithm of Ach. concentration which acted on the muscle. The following formula was valid for the present experimental results.
    h=Klog C+K'
    Where h means the contraction height, C is the concentration of Ach. applied. K and K' are some constants.
    Ach. contraction was accompanied by the repetitive spike potentials for a short period, which soon disappeared notwithstanding the contraction was still maintained. Such was the case also in the Ach. contraction of the sartorius muscle.
    From these facts, the present authors concluded that the Ach. contraction is consisted from two components, ie, one is the tetanus which accompanies the repetitive spike potentials, and the other is the contracture of non-conductive nature.
    The authors could prove experimentally that the tetanic component was evoked by the action of Ach. on the endplate, and the contracture component was caused by the direct action of Ach. on the muscle fibre itself. Ach. contraction of the sartorius muscle differs somewhat from that of the M. rectus abd. The latter is predominant in the contracture component rather than the former.
    The measurement of cholinesterase elucidated that the M. rectus abd. contains this ferment far less than the sartorius muscle. The authors are of the opinion that the difference of the Ach. contraction of both kinds of the muscles is caused by the different contents of cholinesterase. It is well known that the height of the Ach. contraction in M. rectus abd. of frog can be utilized for the measurement of Ach, concentration. In this case the contraction height, used as the indicator, is due to the contracture component, but not to the tetanic.
  • 井上 清恒, 浜田 彰彦, 藤原 庄次郎, 池田 治
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 423-426
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    The afferent impulses from labyrinth are conducted to the medulla through the 8 th cranial nerve and they evoke the efferent impulses which cause contractions of the ipsilateral and contralateral neck muscles. The present authors studied on the central delay in this reflex, namely the labyrinthine reflex on toad (Bufo uulgaris) . The electrical stimulus was given directly both on the 8 th nerve and on the ventral root which innervates the neck muscles. And the action potential was recorded from these neck muscles. The time delay of these records gave the central delay at the medulla. The data obtained are summarized as follows.
    1) The central delay in the ipsilateral reflex is shorter than that in the contralateral reflex.
    2) The action potential of neck muscle, which is evoked in the 8 th nerve orefiex, is separated into tws waves, but when the stimulus is given on the 3 rd thoracic nerve, the potential wave of that muscle does not separate. This facts indicate that there are in two ways the central path of the medula, which conducts impulses from the 8 th nerve to neck muscle.
    3) The central delay is due to the synaptic delay in the medulla, and if the conduction time of one synapse is assumed as 1 msec, the number of synapses corresponds to that of synaptic time, counted by msec.
    4) The number of internuntial neurons which connect the 8 th nerve and M. latissimus dorsi, measured as above mentioned way, are 14 and 26 in ipsilateral, 5 and 19 in contralateral. The number of internuntial neurons for M. depressor mandibulae are 5 and 19 in ipsilateral, 7 and 24 in contralateral.
  • 井上 清恒, 伊藤 宏, 大下 徹雄, 臼井 芳郎
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 427-432
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper, studies on the mechanism of the peripheral inhibition in the claw muscle of Cambarus clarkii were reported.
    The abductor muscle of the claw is supplied by two kinds of efferent fiber, i.e., the slow and inhibitory fibers, and the adductor by three kinds of efferent fiber, i.e., the fast, slow and inhibitory fiber.
    When repetitive stimuli are applied on the inhibitory fiber, tetanic contraction of the abductor muscle, which is caused by the slow fiber stimulation, is reduced.
    And its relaxation speed is accerelated by the stimulation of the inhibitory fiber.
    The inhibitory effect is stronger as the duration of the tetanic stimuli of the inhibitory fiber is longer.
    The electrogram of the abductor muscle was recorded by a cathode ray osillograph.
    The preceding inhibitory stimulation causes decrease of the end-plate potential in the abductor muscle.
    The authors concluded that the inhibition evoked by the stimulation of inhibitory fiber is due to the depressing effect of that fiber on the end-plate potential.
    The authors could not recognize inhibitory effect on the abductor muscle either in the twitch or in the tetanic contraction.
  • 白井 周
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 433-441
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    There are almost no data on the calorie requirement for infant and child. The standard value of the calorie requirement for the nutrition of infant and child now in use in Japan is also merely a rough presumed value.
    In order to establish the standard value of the calorie requirement firmly, the author has determined basal metabolism and the maintenance metabolism at the time of waking and at the time of sleep of infant and child of a nursery by a open system calorimetric method employing a specific respiration sack. Further, the author determined the quantity of motion and the total consumed calorie of the above infants and children. Roughly the following results were thus obtained.
    1. When the consumed calorie determined continuously was compared with that calculated from the results of the determination of the maintenance metabolism, exercise metabolism and the time distribution of daily life, almost no difference was shown between them. In both cases, the value was approximately 80 Cal. per 1 kg body weight for infants more than 2 months of age.
    2. The calorie requirement for the infants under investigation, which is consisting of the consumed calorie plus the calorie converted from the increment in the body weight, was found roughly approximate to the standard value of the nutritional calorie requirement published by the World Health Organization of the United Nations.
    3. There was as large a discrepancy as 5-20% between the calorie up-take and calorie requirement for the infants under investigation. This discrepancy was particularly large in the cases of infants of 1-5 months of age, at which they were vigorously growing. Though the above discrepancy may be due to the loss accompanied with growth metabolism, but it was considered mainly due to markedly unfavorable rate of digestion and absorption in the case of artificial nutrition.
    4. When the calorie requirement for the vigorously growing infants under invetigation was estimated by adding 10% wasted calorie, it was found somehow corresponding to the value which has recently been published by the Calorie Committee of the Food and Agriculture Organization. However, when it was converted for an infant or child having the Japanese standard body weight, it became as a small value as 5-20 Cal. due to smalll increment in the body weight.
    5. When the calorie requirement for an infant having Japanese standard body weight was calculated taking the active nutrition for the growth and the functional adaptation of the digestive system into consideration, it became roughly as follows per 1 kg body weight per day.
    0- 1 month 80 Cal. 1-3 months 120 Cal. 4-9 months 105 Cal. 10-12 months 95 Cal. 1- 2 years 95 Cal.
  • 白井 周
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 442-446
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    As it was presumed that the gaseous metabolism of infant during sleep is different from that of child or adult in view of the fact that the cerebrum of infant or child is not fully developed and that intrauterine life is still remaining in its tissue and functions, the author determined the gaseous metabolism of infant and child during sleep in an attempt to obtain data for the clarification of this point. Roughly the following results were thus obtained.
    1. The pattern of the hourly fluctuation of the oxygen consumption of infant during sleep was found almost identical qualitatively to that of child or adult. However, the fluctuating quantity of the former was found much larger compared with that of the latter.
    2. The average decrement of the gaseous metabolism of infant during sleep in the night was 19 % against that in the waking state and 14% against the basal metabolism, showing almost no difference from that of child, but larger than that of adult by approximately 9%.
    3. The maximumal decrement of the gaseous metabolism of infant during sleep in the night was 32% in average against the gaseous metabolism in the waking state, which was larger than that of child by 6 % and larger than that of adult by 13%.
    4. The decrement of the gaseous metabolism of infant during sleep in the night was found larger than that in day time by approximately 8% in average and by 16% in the maximum.
    5. The deapth index of sleep of infant and child during sleep in the night were 20.0 for infant and 17.8 for child, and quantitative index of sleep were 9.6 for infant and 8.2 for child.
  • 白井 周
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 447-452
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper, the author measured the basal metabolism, motion metabolism and calorie consumption of a premature infant who have been nursed in an incubator and compared the results with those of a mature infant of the same age. Roughly the following results were thus obtained.
    1. The basal metabolism per unit body surface area of the premature infant was found smaller by about 15 % than that of mature infant, while that per unit body weight was found larger by about 5-10% than that of mature infant.
    2. The basal metabolism per unit body weight of both premature and mature infants showed a tendency roughly in proportion to the calories of the food taken. However, the basal metabolism per unit body surface area of premature infant showed a different pattern from that of mature infant, showing a larger proportion of the calorie taken against the basal metabolism.
    3. The pattern of the fluctuation by day age of the basal metabolism of premature infant showed a tendency roughly in parallel with that of mature infant.
    4. Almost no difference in the ealorie consumption per unit body weight was noted between premature and mature infants. The calorie requirement per unit body weight of the former was found larger by about 20% than that of the latter.
    5. In both of the cases of premature and mature infants, the calorie requirement was smaller than the calorie given by 20% at the age less than 1 month and by 15% at the age 1 to 2 months.
  • 第IV報, 乳糖分解変異の重複するパラコリ型大腸菌について
    塩崎 照正, 朝倉 徳夫
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 453-461
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present paper deals with the studies on the mutabile type variant of para-colon type E. coli which possesses a characteristic lactose fermentation formula.
    When this organism was cultivated in lactose peptone water, a lactose weak f ermeter V1 was produced in the first place, then, lactose strong fermenter V2 produced showing g lactose fermentation.
    From this strain of E. coli, M-type variant was isolated. By cultivating this M-type variant in galactose peptone water, RT (galactose fermenting daughter of Fukutome et al) was obtained in addition to MT (daughter mutabile type variant of Murase) .
    This M-type pariant or MT did not ferment either galactose or lactose. Further, on this occasion, lactose fermenting variant could not be found. Nevertheless, RT fermented galactose but not lactose. Furthermore, when RT was cultivated in lactose peptone water, apparently lactose weak fermenter V2 was isolated in the first place, and then lactose strong fermenter V2 was produced from this V1. In other words, this RT was considered to demonstrate a galactose fermenting mode identical to the original type which is mother type of the M-type variant. As reported previously in Report 1- Report 3, the RT isolated from mutabile type variant demonstrated in every case the lactose fermenting mode which is almost indistinguishable from that of the starting original type. Also in the present report, similar mode was demonstrated in the case with the M-type variant of E. coll.
  • 竹内 志郎
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 462-464
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a local therapy of chronic suppurative tympanitis, washing with 50% solution of urea combined with sulfathiazol powder or its 10% solution was applied. Among 30 cases applied, 24 cases were cured, 5 cases were alleviated and 1 case showed no effect. Especially, striking effect was demonstrated in the case accompanied with granulation and odorous pus. Even with a long term application, this therapy caused no undesirable side reaction such as dermatitis. This therapy was found much cheaper compared with various antibiotic substances.
  • 市原 正雄, 白倉 賢三, 上野 正一郎
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 465-469
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper, 2 of the extremely rare cases of crossed mixed type paralysis of larynx are reported, and statistical observations are made on 101 cases of mixed type paralysis of larynx cited in the past literatures in this country. According to the observations, left side was involved in 38 cases, right side in 35 cases, both sides in 4 cases, and crossed involvement was seen in 4 cases. There were 54 male cases and 40 female cases. The largest number of cases was found in the age group of 40-49, followed by that of 80-39 and 20-29.
    This disease was attributed to various causes. Among 53 cases, 36 cases were cured, 12 cases became fatal, 7 cases were unchanged or deteriorated. Those induced by a simple cause were relatively easily cured. Those became fatal died of debility due to mulnutrition or deteriorated malignant tumor.
  • 特にNicotineによるマウス, 心, 肝, 腎臟の病変
    石塚 信彦, 宮川 弘久, 下島 宏登, 高山 六郎
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 470-471
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 中川 安房, 松本 文吾, 赤田 潤
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 472-474
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors reported a case of diabetes insipidus which followed the tpyical basisfracture in two weeks. The daily amount of urine reached 5500 cc in the third week, but then it decreased gradually by the administration of atonin and salt-deficient diet. In most cases of diabetes insipidus following head trauma, the prognosis is usualy good as the reported case.
  • 佐藤 永雄, 浅野 文一, 金木 悟, 稲田 謙三, 陳 勇譲, 大石 久, 岩田 正昭, 堀 正雄, 祖父 江真, 池部 一部, 山本 常 ...
    1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 475-478
    発行日: 1957/11/30
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1957 年 17 巻 5 号 p. 478
    発行日: 1957年
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
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