Mutabile-type variant Murase (M), its daughter mutabile-type variant (MT), galactose fermenting daughter (RT) etc. were isolated from the original (O) of a para-colon type E. coli and its lactose fermenting variant (V) . The pure culture of each strain was inoculated into B.T.B. lactose peptone water and was incubated for 2 weeks. The daily charge in pH was persued. As the result, the following facts were elucidated.
O→V or ORT→ORTV variation occurred fairly constantly after 4-5 days' incubation. Further, the patterns of these variations were found difficult to distinguish from each other.
OM and OMT did not cause the yellow change in pH.
V or VRT fermented lactose as strains of ordinary E. coli do. Later, they made the culture medium alkaline.
VM or VMT fermented lactose in 4-5 days as if they became para-colon type organisms. Furthermore, VMT→VMTV' variation was observed. VMTV' fermented lactos as V or VRT did. However, the medium became alkaline earlier in the case of VMTV' than in the case of V or VRT.
O, ORT, V and VRT fermented galactose, while OM, OMT, VM, VMT or VMTV' did not.
As stated in the above, (I) this E. coli of para-colon type changed its lactose fermentation formula in the galactose fermenting state as well as in the galactose non-fermenting state, (II) the mutabile-type variant returned to the original type in its galactose fermenta-tion capacity as well as in its lactose fermenting capacity.

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Mice were inoulated with the Makayama strain of Japanese B encephalitis virus treateo with ultraviolet irradiation or contained in the rabbit brain parenchymal emulsion or spleen emulsion, and various observations were made during the course of passages through mice. In the present paper, the results of the former and the latter were reported as Experiment A and Experiment B respectively.
In Experiment B, no marked delay in the manifestation was noted. Generally, the period required for manifestation concurred with the standard period of days of manifestation. This fact was also noted in the pathological histological examinations and no marked difference was noted between the emulsions of brain parenchyma and spleen. In Experiment A, the number of mice in which the manifestation delayed increased as the duration of the irradiation became longer. In the pathological histological examinations of the mouse brain, milder circulation damage, degenerations of nerve cells and their nuclei and the round cell reaction when the delayed manifestation was considered. This diminution in the histological damage in the brain was considered due to the biological mutation of the virus induced by the prolongation of the irradiation period to ultraviolet ray. Thus the above fact was considered to have been expressed by the diminution in the circulation damage, especially hyperemia, looseness, distension of V-R cavity, degeneration of nerve cells and diffuse and perivascular infiltration increase of round cells.

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It is well known that, when the sodium ion in the environmental medium of the nervous tissue is substituded by TEA ion, the excitability of this tissue is not affected.
This fact was also ascertained by the present authors in the musclar tissue.
The V-t relation of the sartorius muscle of Bufo vulgaris obtained in the TEA ion medium showed no difference as in the normal Ringer medium.

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The blood-brain barrier, which is presumed to exist in the central nervous system, fails due to oxygen defficiency under low pressure. As one of the experimental means to grasp this failure histologically, obervations in the present work were focused at the disturbances in the perivascular structures. Becker's Astraviolett FF was employed as indicator and the regions coloured by it were described and histologically examined principally by means of PAS and various silver mpregnation methods.
White rats and guinea pigs were placed for varying period under 1/4-1/7 atmospheric pressure, and Astraviolett FF solution was introduced thereafter. Then, they were irrigated with physiological saline solution. Various regions coloured by Astraviolett FF thus. discovered were taken as the regions where the blood-brain barrier failed. They were cortex of of cerebellum, Ammon's horn, cortex of cerebrum, infundibulum and the basis of the 4 th ventricle. In addition to the acute swelling of the nerve cells, disturbances in the perivascular structures and in the capillaries were observed as the histological pictures of these regions. In other words, Lamina acc. ext. of the small and medium sized blood vessels was found bulging toward outside and frayed, and the fenestration and the mesh work were found fused. The affinity of the capillary wall to PAS and silver was found lost.

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Mutabile type variant (Murase) was isolated from E. coil, paracoli type E. coli (original and lactose fermenting variant) and Massini type E. coli (original and lactose fermenting variant) . From respective M-type variant, MT (galactose non-fermenting daughter Murase) was isolated. Each of O (original), V (lactose fermenting variant), M (M-type variant) and MT was inoculated into lactose broto and incubated for 2 weeks to observe the change of pH in order to investigate the lactose fermentation and its mode. The following results were thus obtained.
The diminution or loss of the lactose fermenting power was accompanied by the loss of the galactose fermenting power. However, in the case of the mutation such as OMT→OMTV or VMT→VMTV' (lactose fermenting variant mutated from paracoli type VMT), galactose fermenting power was not recovered. In other words, regardless of the galactose fermenting power, changes in the lactose fermenting power were observed.
Thus, it was found that the M-type mutation caused diminution, loss or changes in the lactose fermenting power, or, when observed from the fermenting mode. E. coli or Massini type E. coli was transformed to paracoli type organisms, and that the paracoli type organisms were modified to rather lactose non-fermenting organisms. The behavior of the M-type organism toward lactose was resembling to the type from which it was immediately derived.
As to the so-called“reverse mutation of M-type”, a report will be published at a later date.

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In the present work, a strain of paracoli type E. coli showing irregular mutation rate was employed as experimental strain. From the broth cultures of the original and lactose fermenting variant of this strain, M-type variant Murase was isolated. From this M-type variant, MT (galactose non-fermenting daughter Murase) and RT (galactose fermenting daughter Fukutome et al) were obtained through mutation. Each of the above variants was inoculated into lactose broth medium and incubated for 2 weeks to observe the mode of lactose and galactose fermentations. The results thus obtained were as follows.
The lactose fermenting mode of M-type variant was the same as that of MT variant. Furthermore, excepting the point that its fermenting power was slightly weaker, it was resembling to the starting strain. A strain of coli type variant (OMTV) was obtained from OMT. ORT and VRT were quite resembling to O and V respectively. O, ORT, V and VRT were galactose fermenting and OM, OMT, OMTV, VM and VMT were galactose non-fermenting. In view of the above findings, the author recognized that the lactose fermenting power of this paracoli showed a tendency to be lowered if M-type mutation occurred. Further, the behaviors were resembling to the starting strain. In the case of RT, the resemblance was specifically remarkable. Therefore, it looked as if it was reversed to the starting strain. Although OMTV was resembling to V and VRT, it was distinguishable by the fact that it is galactose non-fermenting and belongs to the so-called MT, but it was indistinguishable from the galactose non-fermenting VMT. It was considered difficult to judge as to whether the OMT mutated to VMT or not solely from this phenomenon.

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The injection of INAH inhibited the development of the chick embryo, and the combination of SM further strengthened the inhibition. No malformation was recorded. The amount of the allantoic fluid tended to increase with the injection of SM, but to decrease with the injection of INAH. The excretion of INAH into the allantoic fluid increased as the amount of INAH administered increased. The amount of INAH excreted reached the maximum on the 15th day of incubation. When INAH was adiministered on the 5th day of incubation, the amount of INAH excreted was greater compared with that when INAH was administered prior to the incubation. The excretion of SM into the allantoic fluid was promoted by the combination with INAH.

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According to the existing literatures. The knowledge about the optimum amount of administration of NaF or the difference in its effect due to varying amount is quite limited, The author conducted experiments on young rats with NaF combined with CaCO₃, V. D. and/or methionin, and reached the following conclusions after considering the toxic influence and action placing the emphasis in the histological findings of the liver.
(1) Certain tendency in the principal changes was noted according to varying method of administration of NaF.
(2) The principal changes in the hepatic cells were granular turbidity, vacuolization, fusing changes and the histological damages leading to necrosis.
(3) In the 1st and 2nd experiments, the addition of CaCO₃ did not cause remarkable changes. But, in the 3rd experiment, the changes in the group with the added material were milder. In other words, when NaF was given after heating, the regressive changes such as granular turbidity, vacuolization or fusing changes in the hepatic cells were milder than those when NaF was given without heating.
(4) The effect of methionin on the group administered with the material combined with CaCO₃ was inhibitory to the vacuolization and its transition to the histological damages.
(5) The effect of methionin in the group which was treated without CaCO₃ was relatively not remarkable.
(6) In the group treated in combination with CaCO₃, it also inhibited the occurrence of granular turbidity.
(7) The administration of V. D. did not affect systematically the principal changes.
When the pathogenisis of these changes placing the emphasis at the vacuolar degeneration was considered, the author took the changes to correspond to the secondary direct action advocated by Watanabe and Iwasawa rather than to take the theory recognizing the relationship between the changes and edematous changes by Kettler and Megawa.

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The case was a 52 year-old male. He visited the clinic on the 5th day of disease with the complaint of abdominal tumor. The abdomen was found slightly distended and soft. A tumor of child head size was felt in the abdomen. It was roughly round in shape and extremely movable. On fluoloscopic examination with barium contrast medium, it was diagnosed as a tumor developed from the transverse colon or its vicinity, and laparotomy was indicated. On laparotomy, the tumor was found at the transverse colon and was found to be an invagination of ileo-cecal region and ascending colon into the transverse colon. Devagination was undertaken easily. Further examination revealed that the transition of ascending colon to the transverse colon was not clearly marked and lacking the hepatic angulation, and that they were extremely movable together with the cecum. Thus, it was confirmed that this was a case of messenterium commune. Further, since the peristalsis of the cecal region was found accelerated, the ileo-cecal region was resected to prevent recurrence.
In the present paper, the case was briefly reported and, as this case of invagination was caused by the messenterium commune, discussions were made on the mechanism of occurrence.

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In the plesent paper, a case, 67 year-old female, who suffered from agranulocytosis after taking “DAN DAN”, a patent medicine, and ASPIRIN when the case caught cold. The present case was one of the relatively rare cases in which the lesion extensively affected the upper respiratory tract causing gangreneous lesion at the tonsil.

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Although clinical medicine has made spectacular progress in the recent years, it was limited to the physical phase, and none of them were derected to the psychological phase. Especially in the field of surgery, in which operations directly and deeply related to the lives and functional obstruction are dealt with, favorable results are expected in the application of psychology.
In the present paper, the author made discussions on various psychological problemss in the field of surgery. With the progress of the civilization, the author encountered many cases in which abnormality in the autonomous nervous system is existing. By this reason, the nervousness of the patient was considered extremely important.
The author deviced a method of 2 forms for the determination of the nervousness, and expressed the results with figures from 1 to 8. According to this method, the standard nervousness of Japanese was 3 in A form and 2 in B form. Further, the author classified the nervousness into H (health), S (social) and E (emotional) and worked out the standard formula of nervousness. According to the above formulae, H, S, E, = 4, 2, 3, with A form and H, S, E, = 4, 3, 3, with B form. Those showing higher inhices than the above standard were regarded more nervous and those showing lower indices were regarded less nervous
The author is intending further studies on the relations between the seriousness of the disease and the nervousness utilizing the above determination in 2 forms, A and B.

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