巻号一覧
9 巻 (1968)
- 6 号 p. 431-
- 5 号 p. 337-
- 4 号 p. 269-
- 3 号 p. 189-
- 2 号 p. 81-
- 1 号 p. 1-
9 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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藤巻 正生1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 337-347
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2083K) -
キサンテン系色素アルカリ分解物についてその3テトラクロルフルオレセインならびにフロキシンについて神蔵 美枝子1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 348-357
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーIn continuation of the grevious work (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi, 8, 427, 434 (1967)), the decomposition products of tetrachlorofluorescein and phloxine were studied.
If the decomposition of these dyes is similar to that of fluorescein, resorcinol and 2- (2′, 4′-dihydroxybenzoyl) -tetrachlorobenzoic acid (2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA) may be yielded from tetrachlorofluorescein, and 2, 4-dibromoresorcinol and 2- (3′, 5′-dibromo-2′, 4′-dihydro-xybenzoyl) -tetrachlorobenzoic acid (2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA) from phloxine. However, when tetrachlorofluorescein is hydrolyzed, it yields resorcinol, but 2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA could not be obtained. In the case of phloxine, it yielded 2, 4-dibromoresorcinol and 2-brornoresorcinol mainly, but 2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA was not detected. Therefore, 2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA and 2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA were synthe-sized and the behavior of these compounds in alkaline medium were studied. On heating in alkaline medium, these compounds transformed into fluorescent substances, alkaline solution of 2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA giving two spots of a greenish fluorescent product (Rf 0.20) and a bluish fluorescent product (Rf 0.06) on a thin layer chromatogram, using a solvent system of chloroform+glacial acetic acid (4: 1), while that of 2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA gave a greenish fluorescent product (Rf 0.47) and a bluish fluorescent product (Rf 0.17). These greenish fluorescent products were isolated from these reaction solution and their structures were determined by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, together with their analytical data. A greenish fluorescent product obtained from 2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA was 2, 3, 4-trichloro-6-hydroxyxanthone-1-carboxylic acid while that obtained from 2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA was found to be 2, 3, 4-trichloro-5, 7-dibromo-6-hydroxyxanthone-1-carboxylic acid. From these results it became clear that 2′, 4′-diOHB-tetra Cl-BA was not obtained when tetrachlorofluorescein was hydrolyzed with 50% sodium hydroxide solution, and 2′, 4′-diOH-3′, 5′-diBrB-tetra Cl-BA, when phloxine was hydrolyzed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1654K) -
第1報 全菌の自己融解川田 十三夫, 佐藤 成美, 山下 彦王, 宅見 賢二, 采見 憲男, 渡辺 健二1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 358-363
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーCells of Clostridium botulinum type A strain 190 grown in thioglycolate medium (GYPT medium) autolysed after having reached a maximum growth. This strain was dissociated into large and small colony-forming types in semisolid media. The cells obtained from the large colony type autolysed more rapidly than those from small one. Washed cells harvested at logarithmic growth phase lysed in phosphate buffer at 37°C within 2-3 hours. Autolysis rose above pH 6.0 and was optimal near pH 7.0. The potential for autolysis reached a maximum toward the end of the logarithmic growth phase and thereafter the cells became resistant to autolysis. The autolytic activity was destreyed by heating the cells at 60°C for 10 minutes and was slightly affected by cysteine (10-2M), N-ethylmaleimide (10-2M) and mercaptoethanol (10-1M).
During autolysis nitrogen, protein, nucleic acids, reducing sugars, amino sugars and botulinum toxin were released from the cells as the reduction of the turbidity in cell suspension occurred. Electron microscopic observations on the process of autolysis revealed that the partial lysis of walls occurred first at the end of the organism and the cytoplasmic contents were lost through such lesions. The lysis of the wall centripetally spread and finally the morphological entity of the wall was completely lost. From these findings it is suggested that the autolysis may be proceded by auto-digestion of the cell wall at the end of the organism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1369K) -
第2報 自己融解によるSpheroplast形成と細胞壁の自己融解川田 十三夫, 宅見 賢二, 佐藤 成美, 山下 彦王1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 364-368
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーMost of the cells of Clostridium botulinum type A strain 190 harvested at logarithmic growth phase in GYPT medium were converted autolytically to spheroplasts in 0.5M sucrose-phosphate buffer within 2-3 hours at 37°C. Electron microscopic observations on the formation of spheroplasts demonstrated that the cytoplasmic contents were extruded through partly dissolved walls at the end of the organism and formed spherical bodies.
Crude wall fraction, isolated from logarithmic phase cultures by sonication and fraction-ation, rapidly autolysed in phosphate buffer. The wall fraction isolated from the large colony type of the strain lysed more rapidly than those from the small one as reported on the whole cells. Reducing sugars and amino sugars being main constituents of the wall were released from the wall fraction as wall-autolysis occurred. Electron micorscopic study showed that the rigid structure of the wall was completely lost and only fragile membranous or amorphous components remained as residues. Heated wall preparations digested with trypsin and nagarse were dissolved by a soluble wall-autolysate, but not by a soluble cytoplasmic fraction. It seems likely that autolytic enzyme system may exist at or near the cell wall.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1781K) -
アミノ酸およびソルビン酸による枯草菌芽胞の発芽および増殖阻害について原田 清, 樋口 亮一, 内海 勇1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 369-373
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリー枯草菌芽胞の発芽と増殖を阻害するアミノ酸を検索しまたソルビン酸の態度についても合わせて観察しつぎの結果を得た.
(1) 芽胞の発芽を阻害するアミノ酸
ブドウ糖, 無機塩および窒素源として肉エキスを用いてこれに各アミノ酸を添加して阻害アミノ酸をしらべたところD-alanine, D-およびDL-serineが強い阻害作用を有することがわかった. 窒素源として発芽促進効果が肉エキスより弱いL-alanineを加えて同様に試験したところ上記アミノ酸以外にglycineでも強く阻害されることを認めた. これらのアミノ酸の併用効果はなく, またソルビン酸は発芽になんらの影響も示さなかった.
発芽率 (Hachisukaらの方法による) は発芽初期においては1次反応的に増大することを認め, 1次反応速度式から算出した速度定数kはHachisukaらの方法にもとづいて計算した発芽率と平行関係にあることを知った.
(2) 芽胞発芽を含む増殖を阻害するアミノ酸
ブドウ糖, 肉エキス, 無機塩類, ビタミンおよび有機塩基を含む培地で試験したところglycine, D-, L-およびDL-serine, D-, L-およびDL-threonineが有効でとくにglycineとserine, glycineとthreonineの組み合わせが効果があることを知った. このようにglycineと水酸基をもつアミノ酸との併用がとくに強い阻害作用を現わす理由に関しては明らかでないが, ソルビン酸などとともに食品保存に応用することができるものと考えられる.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (842K) -
能勢 憲英, 興津 知明1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 374-378
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/07/27
ジャーナル フリー魚肉ソーセージなどに含まれるFFの定量において, 試料をアルミナ・シリカゲルおよび無水硫酸ナトリウムと混合し, 上昇法のカラムクロマトグラフィーにより, トルエン・酢酸エチル・エタノール混液を展開剤として, これをシリカゲル層に展開し, FFのバンドの部分をメタノールで抽出したものにつき比色定量することにより比較的簡単に, しかも良好な回収率で定量することをみいだした.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (708K) -
V. Acute Toxicity Test for Representative Species of Fungal Isolates from Milled Rice Harvested in 1965倉田 浩, 宇田川 俊一, 一戸 正勝, 川崎 洋介, 田沢 正子, 田中 順子, 高田 正樹, 田辺 弘也1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 379-384
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーThe present studies were undertaken to determine the population of toxigenic fungi in domestic milled rice harvested in 1965. Of a total of 835 isolates, the toxigenicity of 82 representative strains has been investigated by subcutaneous administration with cultural filtrates of the fungi and methanol extracts obtained from mold-rice substrates. The experimental animals, male mice weighing 15-18g, were subcutaneously injected with 0.5ml/mouse of the cultural filtrates and with 25mg, 250mg and 1, 250mg/kg of the methanol extracts, respectively, in a single dose. Results of the tests indicated that fungal metabolites from one strain of Penicillium expansum and Penicillium islandicum were highly toxic, and fungal metabolites from one strain of P. cyclopium, P. cylclopium var. echinulatum, P. martensii, P. decumbens, P. expansum and Aspergillus versicolor, and 2 strains of P. roqueforti were mildly toxic. Toxic effects were not found in the other fungi, including the groups belonging to Ascomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti. Thus, highly toxic fungi were found in 2 of representative strains, a frequency of 2.4%. The incidence of mild toxic fungi was 9.7%. This is the first report of the prevalence of toxic fungi in domestic rice. Known mycotoxins such as patulin, luteroskyrin, and islanditoxin and two different unknown were detected. Except for a few cases of Fusarium toxicoses, human mycotoxin poisoning has not ever been happened in Japan. These facts could be considered as evidence for a qualitative interpretation of mycotoxicosis in the Japanese people who consume rice as their main food.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (924K) -
VI. Histopathologic Changes in Mice Caused by Toxic Metabolites of Fungi Isolated from Domestic Rice倉田 浩, 宇田川 俊一, 一戸 正勝, 川崎 洋介, 田沢 正子, 田辺 弘也, 奥平 雅彦1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 385-394
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーDuring a population survey of toxic fungi in foodstuffs, two strains of highly toxic fungi and nine strains of mildly toxic fungi were detected. Toxic metabolites of these 11 strains of fungi were administrated subcutaneously to male mice weighing 15-18g, respectively, and seven days after the single administration, experimental animals were killed and histopathological observations of various organs were carried out.
The nature and the degree of the induced histopathological changes of various organs of mice were throughly investigated and described. Hepatic injuries, e. g., irregularity of the nuclear size of hepatic cells, occasional mitotic figures, and inflammatory changes were commonly recognized as an induced pathologic change by all fungal toxic metabolites used in this study, however, the hepatic changes seemed to be nonspecific reactions. The most conspicuous hepatic injuries were noticed in mice administered toxic metabolites of the Penicillium islandicum. Nephrotoxity of the Penicillium islandicum, and neurotoxity of the Penicillium decumbens and the Penicillium cyclopium were indicated.
As it has been demonstrated in the previous toxicity study, it was noteworthy that even with toxic metabolites obtained from the same fungus, different methods of obtaining the toxic metabolites caused a different pathological effect. Individual differences in susceptibility among experimental animals to the fungal toxic metabolites were also observed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2658K) -
第1報 プロピレンオキサイドの食品への残留小熊 崇, 細貝 祐太郎, 藤井 清次, 川城 巌1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 395-398
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーPropylene oxide has been known to be effective against insects, fungi and bacteria. The authors determined gas chromatographically propylene oxide residue in various foods treated with propylene oxide vapor.
Fumigation and gas chromatographic conditions are as follows:
fumigation
temperature 40, 50°C
time 60, 120, 180, 240min
pressure 1atm
vacuum 60mm/Hg
gas chromatograph
instrument Shimadzu GC-2C
column length 1.5m, internal diameter 3mm
packing propylene glycol 6000 (25%)
support Chromosorb W (30-60 mesh)
carrier gas He
flow rate 60ml/min
detector TCD
temperature
column 65°C
injection port 100°C
chart speed 10mm/min
The results of the determination were shown in. Table 1.
The residue of propylene oxide was found in some fumigated foods.
The residue was probably caused by being dissolved in the fat contained in food or being adsorbed on the surface of food.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (480K) -
(I) 食用飲料中のタール色素の定量法高木 茂明1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 399-404
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリー食用タール色素の定量法として従来定性分析に使われているところの毛糸を用いて吸着, 溶出を行なう方法を改善することを検討した.
方法はつぎのようである. あらかじめ色素濃度と極大吸収を示す波長の吸光度との間に標準曲線を作っておく. 色素溶液 (あるいは試料溶液) から色素を毛糸に吸着させその吸着毛糸からアンモニア水を使って溶出する. 溶出液を濃縮して一定量となし, その溶液の一定部分をとってペーパークロマトグラフィーを行なう. ペーパークロマトグラム上の各スポットを切り抜き, 色素を溶出して一定容量となし, 吸光度を測定してその値から標準曲線を使って色素の絶対量を読みとる.
毛糸からの回収率, ロ紙からの回収率, 市販合成レモン飲料に標準色素を混じたものからの色素の回収率を調べた結果, 供試18種類のタール色素のうちR-104, R-105, R-106, G-1, G-2, B-2, V-1以外は最終的に約90%以上の回収率を示した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (969K) -
慶田 雅洋, 川口 豊, 川城 巌1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 405-408
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
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慶田 雅洋, 白鳥 つや子, 海老根 涼子, 川城 巌1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 409-413
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
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伊藤 邦治1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 414-417
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
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松崎 強1968 年 9 巻 5 号 p. 418-422
発行日: 1968/10/05
公開日: 2010/03/01
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1244K)
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