日本植物病理学会報

Bacterium solanacearumの變異に關する研究豫報

岡部徳夫

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 95-104_1
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.95

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1. As has already been noticed by various investigators, Bact. solanacearum, a causal organism of brown rot of Solanaceae and other plants belonging to different families, is very variable in pathogenicity as well as in morphological, physiological and cultural characters.
2. According to the author's observation made up to the present time, there are at least the following 16 types: “F”. “Op”, “C”, “SS”, “SS'”, “R”, “TRS”, “TRS'₁”, “TRS'₂”, “TRS''”, “C'M”, “R''”, “C''”, “Cu”, “RS”, and “F''”.
3. The first-named 4 types were isolated from the lesions of tomatoes, tobaccos, eggplants, etc. naturally affected in the fields. Type “F” is a so-called “fluidal” form, which is characterized by having an irregular, fluidal, milky colony; the next one, “Op”, is a so-called “opalescent” form, which is characterized by a circular, homogeneous, opalescent colony; the third one, “C”, is characterized by a circular, light brownish, concentric striate colony, and the fourth one, “SS”, is characterized by a circular, pale fluorite green colony with a cream color centre.
4. The remaining 12 types were originated from the colonies appeared on the agar plates subcultured every 5-7 days by use of the following liquid cultures, i. e. beef extract bouillon, potato dextrose solution, milk, and Uschinsky's solution previously inoculated with the above-named four types.
5. Type “F” is the original form of Bact. solanacearum. Types “Op”, “C”, and “SS” appear to arise from “F” as a result of variation occurred naturally in the tissues of the diseased plants.
6. Type “F” is easily isolable from any young lesions or from the plants in the acute phase of the disease, whereas types “Op”, “C”, and “SS” occur only in a rather advanced stage or in old lesions.
7. All the types are unstable in liquid media except types “R''” and “TRS'₁” and easily change to the other types.
8. All the types are liable to the lytic action of the bacteriophage specific for Bact. solanacearum.

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稻胡麻葉枯病菌の寄主體侵入及び分生胞子の發芽と空氣濕度との關係に就きて

桂〓一

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 105-124
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.105

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1.本論文は主として稻胡麻葉枯病菌分生胞子の寄主體侵入竝にその發芽と空氣濕度との關係に就きて述べ,次いで本菌分生胞子の發芽及び新生胞子形成と空氣濕度との關係を論じたるものなり。
2. 硫酸を用ひて空氣濕度を調節せる乾燥器内に,本菌分生胞子懸游液を噴霧接種したる稻苗をその水滴の乾くを待ちて納め, 25℃の京大式定温接種箱中に18時間保ちたる後取出して温室内に置きたるに,關係濕度100%に於て接種したるものは最も高き發病率を示し,以下空氣濕度の低下に略々比例して發病率を減少し,關係濕度89%に於ては全く發病するものなかりき。
3. 本菌分生胞子懸游液の點滴を附着せしめて乾かしたるスライドグラスを,硫酸にて空氣濕度を調節したる肉池内に納め, 25℃の定温器中に18時間保ちたる後その發芽を檢したるに,關係濕度100%に於ては最も高き發芽率を示し,以下空氣濕度の低下に略々比例して發芽率を減少し,關係濕度89%に於ては全く發芽するものなかりき。
4. 本菌分生胞子は水滴の存在に於て發芽頗る良好なれども,一度水に懸游したる後乾かしたる胞子は凡そその乾燥時間に比例して多少宛發芽力を減殺若しくは遲延せしめらるるものの如し。
5. 本菌分生胞子は,水滴を與へたる場合も與へざる場合も略々97.5%以上の空氣濕度に於て, 25℃ 18時間にして既に發芽管の先端に新生胞子を形成し,同24時間にして夫等の新生胞子は略々成熟し且つ再び發芽するもの多きものの如し。

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タウカヘデの新梢首垂病

小川隆

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 125-135
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.125

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Acer trifidum HOOK. et Arn. was introduced from China in 1721, and propagated in our country by grafting on Acer crataegifolium SIEB. et ZUCC., it is familiar to us now. For the last 25 years an epidemic disease of this tree has been noticed in the nursery and avenue, but its cause remained quite unknown. In the last year I had occasion to study it and found that this disease had been caused by a species of bacteria. As a macroscopical symptom, there appear on the leaves irregular spots along the midribs. The spots give at first a water-soaked appearance and, increasing in size, become pale payne's gray or black. Meanwhile affected leaves wither and then, turning black, finally dry up, just like those injured by frost.
Inoculation experiments on the healthy leaves with the organism isolated from the tissue of diseased portions resulted in giving rise to the same symptom, and the same organism could be obtained from the affected tissue. The following species of Acer were proved to be susceptible to this organism; viz., Acer saccharinum L., A. diabolicum BLUME, A. Negundo L., A. aizuense NAKAI, A. palmatum THUNB. var. amabile KOIDZ. subvar. Kagiri KOIDZ., A. capillipes MAXIM., A. insulare MAKINO, A. parviflorum FRANCH. et SAV., A. pictum THUNB. var. typicum GRAF V. SCHW., A. rufinerve SIEB. et ZUCC., A. Sieboldianum MIQ. var. typicum MAXIM., A. Shirasawanum KOIDZ., A. crataegifolium SIEB. et ZUCC. Besides these, Aesculus turbinata BLUME and Koelreuteria paniculata LAXIM. were also infected with the said disease, but the following plants were not attacked by it; viz., Ginkgo biloba L., Juglans Sieboldiana MAXIM., Ulmus parvifolia JACQ., Morus alba L., Euptelea polyandra SIEB. et ZUCC., Cercidiphyllum japonicum SIEB. et ZUCC., Liriodendron Tulipifera L., Liquidambar formosana HANCE, Prunus yedoensis MATSUM., P. Mume SIEB. et ZUCC., P. spinulosa SIEB. et ZUCC., Phaseolus vulgaris L., P. radiatus L. var. aurea PRAIN, Lathyrus odoratus L., Evonymus striata LOES., E. oxyphyllus MIQ., Staphylea bumalda DC., Euscaphis japonica PAX., Sapindus Mukurossi GAERTN., Berchemia racemosa SIEB. et ZUCC., Hovenia dulcis THUNB. var. glabra MAKING, Zizyphus vulgaris LAM. var. inermis BUNGE, Vitis vinifera L., Tilia japonica SIMK., T. Miyabei JACK. and Firmiania platanifolia SCHOTT et ENDL.
The causal organism is rather short rod-shaped Shizomycete with round ends, measuring 0.5-1.2×0.2-0.6μ, usually 0.8×0.4μ, when stained by carbol fuchsin from a 24 hour culture on standard agar, on which it occurs solitarily. It is aërobic and motile by means of one polar flagellum. No spores are formed and no involution forms have been observed even in culture 6 months old. It stains easily with basic anilin dyes and by Gram's stain. It grows on ordinary culture media, viz, , nutrient agar, glucose agar, serum agar, potato agar, steamed potato, nutrient gelatin, bouillon, peptone water, Uschinsky's and Cohn's solutions. On the poured plate of standard agar, the colonies are round, smooth, convex, white, glistening, translucent and entire-margined with amorphous structure. On agar slant, the same filiform streak mentioned above is produced along the inoculated line in 24 hours at 32°C. After 2 days the colour of the streak changes to citron yellow. It liquefies gelatin in cup shape, clears milk slowly without coagulation, produces acid slightly but does not produce gas in fermentation tube from peptone water with saccharose, lactose, maltose, dextrose, laevulose, galactose, mannit and glycerin. It reduces nitrate to nitrite and produces hydrogen sulphide.

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昭和12年度麥類病害發生状況

堀正侃

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 136-140
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.136

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桑の赤澁病菌は必ずしも越冬するとは限らない

保虎太郎

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 141-142
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.141

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鹿兒島縣奄美大島に蔓延する甘藷の縮芽病

後藤和夫

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 143-145
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.143

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セイヤウフウテフサウの露菌病

岩田吉人

1937 年 7 巻 2 号 p. 146-147
発行日: 1937年
公開日: 2009/04/03

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.7.146

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