巻号一覧
47 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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本村 泰三, 阪井 與志雄1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1535-1540
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFemale gametophytes of Laminaria angustata KJELLMAN formed oogonia in PESI medium but scarcely formed them in ASP12 NTA medium at 10°C, 14 h light-10 h dark cycle and 2, 000-3, 000 lx. The oogenesis eddects of nitrate, phosphate, iodine, boron, iron, manganese, zine and cobalt were investigated in ASP12 NTA as a basal medium. Under this condition, nitrate, phosphate, manganese, zinc and cobalt were not effective in oogonium formation. Iodine seemed to be slightly effective. Boron had a tendency to inhibit oogonium formation. However, iron strongly induced oogomiu, formation of L. angustata, and most female gametophytes formed oogonia at 2.0mg/l EDTA chelated iron after two weeks, at which time almost all cells of female gametophytes became eggs. These eggs developed into parthenogenetic sporophytes which showed abnormal morphology.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1195K) -
林 不二雄, 国峰 一声, 原田 賢治, 井上 松久, 三橋 進1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1541-1544
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe improved method for transformation of Aeromonas hudrophila. The cells are gently suspended in 50mM CaCl2 containing 10mM Tris HCl(pH 8.0). after being grown with BHI broth. Then the cells were resedimented and suspended in 100mM CaCl2 containing 10mM Tris HCl (pH 8.0).After 20min at room temperature, the cells are resedimented and suspended in one-tenth the original culture volume in the same CaCl2-Tris buffer. 200μl samples are placed on ice. Following the addition of 25μl of DNA, the cells are held on ice for 20min and then heated at 42°C for 2min. Under these conditions, the transformant yield increases about 100 times more than that of Cohen's methods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (329K) -
坂井 勝信1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1545-1550
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBlastogenic response of peripheral lymphocyte obtained from rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri was performed using mitogens including phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The lymphocyte, which as separated by applying ‘Ficoll’ desity gradient centrifugation system decided previously, was cultured at 20°C for 6 days in the presence of these mitogens at concentrations of 1 to 100μg/ml. In dose-response and time-response of the lymphocyte to the mitogens, peripheral small lymphocytes, which bore strongly basophilic nucleus and markedly narrow cytoplasm in the marginal area of the cells, were transformed into large-sized cells possessing wide cytoplasm which contained fine basophilic granule-like structures. Cell size enlarged form 4μm to 6-10μm in diameter in the specimens prepared with Wright-Giemsa staining. Cell number gradually increased as lymphocyte culture proceeded up to 6 days, and telophase cells in mitosis were frequently observed. The lymphocyte enhanced its cell density from 2×103/ml to 107/ml for 6 days and, simultaneously, the occrurring rate of blast cells which were transformed form small lymphocytes rose from 15% to 70% in the presence of these mitogens at a concentration of 10μg/ml. Thus, it was apparent that rainbow trout lymphocyte is proliferative and responsive to PHA, Con A and PWM. In murines and humans, it is characterized that thymus-derived lymphocyte subpopulation (T cell), with the exception of bursa equivalent-lymphocyte subpopulation (B cell), is transformed into lymphoblasts exclusively with PHA and Con A. If this discriminating criterion should be applicable to fish lymphocytes, the profiles of bast transformation against PHA and Con A through those results suggest that T cell subpopulation circulates and plays an immunological role in rainbow trout as well as avian and mammalian species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1229K) -
木村 清志1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1551-1558
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present report deals with the feeding habit of Parapristipoma trilineatum, Pomadasyidae, based on 1208 individuals taken from coastal areas of Kumano-nada (Kii peninsula, central Japan) from March 1978 to September 1980.
Empty stomachs occurred more frequently in the samples collected by hook and line than in the samples collected by set net. Feeding activity was intense during the period from May to September, and declined after October. The main food of the immatures and adults, larger than 100mm in fork length, was clupeoid fishes, but crustaceans were fed on abundantly in March, June, November and December. Clupeoid fishes appeared as prey amimal in almost all seasons. Copepods chiefly appeared in spring and autumn, while amphipods in summer. The main food of juveniles, smaller than 50mm, were copepodid larvae and bivalve larvae. Those of young, 50-100mm, were Iucalanus spp., copepodid larvae, mysis larvae, zoea larvae and clupeoid larve. Maximum value of amax(=PLmax|L;L, length of predator; PLmax, mzximum size of prey) was 58% in the fish 50-100mm in fork length. The value of amax declined with growth for the fish larger than 100mm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
嶋村 哲哉, 添田 秀男1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1559-1565
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe annual decrease in the quantity of tuna fished from the upper layers of the sea initiated the exploitation of tuna in the deep layer of the sea.
In recent years, the catch of bigeye tuna has shown a tendency to increase with the use of the deep layer tuna long line.
This paper dealt with the use of the deep layer tuna long line.
This paper dealt with the special features of the catch of tuna by deep layer tuna long line fishing
The results are as follows
1. As the depth of hook increased, fishing efficiency also increased.
2. The construction of long line needs to be changed according to the vertical distribution of water temperature of fishing ground.
3. It is considered that dissolved oxygen controls the distribution of bigeye tuna. However, it is not the only factor that controls distribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (254K) -
岡本 峰雄, 佐藤 修, 黒木 敏郎, 村井 徹1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1567-1573
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo elicit the effect of divers on the behavior of fishes, automatic underwater 16 mm movie camera was prepared. At four artificial reefs, artificial seaweeds farm, concrete block reefs, stone reef and pearl farm, a movie camera was set on the sea floor for two successing days, at almost same time and the same place. On each day, movie was shot for about 30 minutes. On one day, no diver swam during shooting, and on the other day, a few divers investigated fish species and their amount around the camera. From the movies, number of fishes and fish species were analyzed. As the results, some phenomena concerning behavior of fish were found to be as follows.
(1) In the case of diving observation, most of the fishes made only slight escaping behavior and some fishes swam away quickly, when diver approached them.
(2) When we compared the appearance rate of fishes on 16 mm movie at manned condition and at unmanned condition, the former was 0.4-0.6 of the latter.
(3) Number of fish species recognized from the movie was only 0.1-0.2 of the number by direct observation.
So it was deduced that the direct observation of fishes living near artificial reefs to be very useful, even if the fault of changes on fish behavior could be seen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1597K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫, 坂本 峰至1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1575-1578
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the culture of rotifers Brachionus plicatilis with microencapsulate diets possessing a nylon cross-linked protein membrane. Two types of microencapsulated diets(MCD-1 and MCD-2) were prepared; their dietary values were compared with those of the marine Chorella and baker's yeast. MCD-1 involved ingredients such as casein, α-starch, cod liver oil, etc. in addition to small amounts of chicken egg. The results of feeding trials showed that both MCD-1 and MCD-2 supported the growth of rotifers for several days as successful as the live diets examined, when freshly prepared MCD-1 and MCD-2 were supplied to the rotifers. However, a prolonged culture of rotifers with microencapsulated diets resulted in a decrease of population density as time advanced.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (297K) -
安藤 清一, 高間 浩蔵, 座間 宏一1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1579-1583
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of gel fraction on carp myosin B ATPase activity was investigated in connection with interactions between lipid and protein.
Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities of myosin B at low and high ionic strength increased and decreased, respectively, by the removal of the gel fraction. Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities of the gel fraction treated with Triton X-100 were higher and lower, respectively, than those of the untreated gel fraction. These results showed that Mg2+-ATPase of myosin B was accelerated, while Ca2+-ATPase of myosin B was inhibited, by the lipids contained in the gel fraction. It was also shown that there were no membrane and mitochondrial ATPases because neither azide nor ouabain depressed the cativity.
The major lipids of myosin B, and the gel fraction were composed of lecithin, cephalin, and triglyceride. The relative amounts of phospholipids in the total lipids obtained from the gel fraction were larger than those obtained from other fractions. Since phospholipids were composed mainly of unstaturated fatty acids, the degrees of unsaturation in fatty acid compositions might be connected with myosin B ATPase activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1195K) -
渡辺 武, 竹内 俊郎, 和田 雅宏1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1585-1590
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship between the α-tocopherol requirement of carp and the dietary levels of unsaturation.
The fish receiving the diet without supplement of lipid showed the lowest growth rate, because of a lower caloric content and the absence of essential fatty acids. Addition of 5% methyl esters of pollock liver oil to the diet supplemented with 5mg of α-tocopherol increased the growth rate of fish and feed conversion. However, addition of 10% methyl esters slightly depressed growth and resulted in tocopherol deficiency, judging from the appearance of apparent muscular dystrophy, along with convulsions, and from the α-tocopherol content of hepatopancreas. The fish receiving the diets with methyl esters of Pollock liver oil at more than 10% began to show apparent muscular dystrophy from the 8th week of feeding period and about 67% of the fish were diseased in the group fed on the diet containing 20% lipid also resulted in low growth rate and low feed conversion.
These result of feeding clearly indicate that elevated levels of dietary lipid, equivalent to an increase of unsaturation in the diet, increase the requirement of carp for α-tocopherol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (384K) -
奥積 昌世, 奥田 昭三, 栗野 正石1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1591-1598
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with the isolation and identification of a new type of histamine-forming bacteria.
The homogenates of common mackerel flesh, stored at 5°Cand 20°C, contained large amounts of histamine. The bacterial isolates from these two homogenates were examined for their ability to produce histamine in mackerel infusion broth. The organisms of one group of the isolates, which could not be identified with any of the known genera, were capable of producing histamine at a temperature of 5°C.
All of the group strains were Gram-negative coccobacilli and motile by one polar flagellum; they also fermentatively metabolized glucose to acid and gas. These strains grew at 5°Cbut not at 35°C; they grew well in a medium with 1 to 3 percent NaC1, but did not grow in the absence of NaC1.
The authors have named the unidentified organisms “N-group bacteria”. This bacteria group may be important for the problem of food hygience, because it is a new type of histamine-forming becteria.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (610K) -
松宮 政弘, 大竹 茂夫1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1599-1604
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe studied the activities of diamine oxidase-like enzyme(s) in the liver, stomach, pyloric caeca, and intestine of six species of marine fishes. In the intestines of these fishes, the highest activities were detected. The enzyme activities were also measured in three other organs of Scombridas fish and of Clupeidae sardines.
Extract from the liver of mackerel was fractionated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, three active fractions were obtained. The diamine oxidase-like enzyme activities were found in all these fractions, with optimal pH values at 7.0, 7.0, and 6.4. The enzymes showed high activities on histamine and agmatine, but were inhibited by semicarbazide and aminoguanidine, which is a special inhibitor of the diamine oxidase. Thus, the enzymes from the licer of mackerel may belong to the diamine oxidase group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (384K) -
佐藤 実, 佐藤 美和, 土屋 靖彦1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1605-1608
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the strongly acidic amino acid fraction of the muscle extract of abalone Hariotis discus hannai several acidic ninhydrin positive substances were detected by paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography. They were purified by ion exchange chromatography. One of them, which gave a yellow color with ninhydrin reagent and a blue color with isatin, was obtained as colorless crystals. Its chemical structure was established as L-pyrrolidine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid (IV) by means of mass, NMR, ORD and IR spectrometries. IV has only been found in a red algs Shizymenia dubyi but not in animal tissues until now.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (169K) -
左子 芳彦, 内田 有恒, 門田 元1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1609-1614
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of pH in the range from 3.0 to 7.0 on the thermal destruction of spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 Tt was investigated. The results indicated that, for lower pH values and higher temperatures, more spores were inactivated.
To study the mechanism of inactivation of spores by acid-heating, DNA in heated spores was extracted and analyzed by alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation technique. In creasing acidity was accompanied by increasing breakage of DNA molecules. The pH effect was more pronounced at the higher temperature. These data suggest that the breakage of DNA in spores induced by heating at acidic pH is due to the depurination of DNA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (384K) -
吉中 禮二, 佐藤 守, 池田 静徳1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1615-1618
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe distributions of the activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin, and of the potential activities of their zymogens, in the digestives system of the catfish Paracilurus asotus were investigated in order to evaluate the potential digestibility of ingested feed protein.
In the fish fed on eviscerated rainbowtrout for 8 weeks, high activities of zymogens were found only n the pancreas. In the fish starved for 8weeks, only the high potential activities of zymogens were found in the pancreas.
These results indicate that, in catfish as well as in mammals, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents originate from the pancreas, and that their zymogens are stored in the pancreas to provide a ready supply of trypsin and chymotrypsin to digest ingested protein even during the starved condition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (286K) -
宮本 芳則, 柴田 猛1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1619-1626
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーProcedures are described for the preparation of crystalline glyceraldehydes-phosphate dehydrogenases (EC. 1. 2. 1. 12) from skeletal muscles of salmonid and gadoid fishes. The preparations were found to be homogeneous by the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentri-fugal analysis.
The enzymes isolated from these sources can be readily crystallized in the presence of NAD, although there are some enzymes which crystallized without it.
The subunit molecular weights determined by gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and the sedimentation constants for each of these enzymes are approximately identical with those of rabbit muscle enzyme. This indicates that the fish enzymes are tetramic and are composed of four chemically identical polypeptide chains of molecular weight 36, 000.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2608K) -
奥村 誠一, 佐々本 喜代志, 藤野 和男1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1627-1630
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA total of 180 specimens of the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai INO, sampled from six localities of the Pacific and the Japan Sea coasts of Japan, were analysed by starch-gel electrophoresis for thermostability variations in various enzymes. The reported procedures were used, with some modifications in the conditions of heat-treatment of gels in water-baths. Thermostability variations were observed at the three loci encoding esterase, malate-dehydrogenase, and phlsphoglucose isomerase, in addition to phosphoglucomutase, which was reported previously. Associations observed between frequencies of alleles encoding such variants and water temperatures at the locations sampled suggested that temperature-related adaptive value existed among many enzymes with thermostability variations. Further, such associations, observed commonly at the four loci, suggested that a set of alleles at the loci would play a role as a polygenic system for the themperature-tolerance of an intact animal. On the basis of the results observed, the usefulness of thermostability variants in breeding abalone is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
福家 眞也, 鴻巣 章二, 伊奈 和夫1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1631-1635
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe marine worm Perinereis brevicirrus is highly evaluated as a fishing bait. In order to identify the feeding stimulant for fish in this worm, various kinds of synthetic extracts simulating the composition of the worm extract were prepared and the responses of red sea bream to them were examined.
The complete synthetic extract containing all 6 groups of components (amino acids, guanidino compounds, organic bases, nucleotides, organic acids, and sugars) evoked very active feeding behavior in the fish. When amino acids were omitted from the complete synthetic extract, the activity decreased remarkably. However, the synthetic extracts lacking any one of the other 5 groups still exhibited very strong containing one of the 6 groups, only the extract containing. Although the extract containing guanidine compounds showed a weak activity, glycocyamine and creatine were inactive when tested individually.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (215K) -
横屋 敬七1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1637-1641
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDried Laminaria were submerged in distilled water at 20°C for a given period of time, and the rehydration value, rehydration rate, rehydration rate constant and rehydration texture were determined. The rehydration value increased linearly for the the first 5 min after submersion, then it approached an equilibrium. The average rehydrated value was 3.70g for 1 g in dry weight. The rehydration rate was composed of three stages; each of these stages corresponded to a stage of increase in surface area by rehydration. The rehydration rare constant K was 6.19×10-2(min-1). The relationship between hardness of rehydration texture and each part of leaf body or thickness was linear and correlation was good.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
尾上 義夫, 野口 玉雄, 丸山 純一, 橋本 周久, 池田 武彦1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1643
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (65K) -
中川 孝之, 永山 文男1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1645
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (90K) -
池田 弥生, 尾崎 久雄1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1647
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (113K) -
金沢 和夫, 手島 新一, 今田中 伸哉, 今田 克1981 年 47 巻 12 号 p. 1649
発行日: 1981/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (71K)
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