巻号一覧
57 巻, 4 号
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岡本 峰雄1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 579-584
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe behavioral character of the abalone Haliotis madaka was examined around the artificial fish reef settled at 30m depths. Fourteen abalone, 11.0-18.3cm in shell length, were pursued their stuck places and shell length individually for 4 times during 16 months. Ten of 14 abalone were observed within 1m during 16 months. Two abalone, 18.3 and 17.4 cm in shell length, were photographed for a few days by an automatic underwater camera. In the daytime, two abalone firmly stuck at the same position. In the night time, they lift their shell slightly and ocassonally changed their body-axis to catch drifted algae. One abalone left it's stuck place and returned to the same position in one night during three observed nights.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1532K) -
塚本 勝巳, 島 康洋, 広川 潤1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 585-589
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEarly growth of the hatchery-reared Japanese sandfish Arctoscopus japonicus was deduced by analyzing the otolith microstructure.
A positive linear relationship was observed between the radius of lapillus and the total length in the 19 juveniles, 34.2mm in TL and 92d in age, suggesting that the otolith growth could repre-sent the body growth of fish in length. The relationship between the age and the radius of each corresponding daily increment in the lapilli revealed that otolith radius increased rapidly at the mean rate of 3.9μm/d between 31d and 52d, and thus early growth pattern devided into three phases (Ph-1; 0-30d, Ph-2; 31-52d, Ph-3; 53-92d). The rapid growing phase, Ph-2, seemed to have some relation with an abrupt increase in rearing temperature from 10 to 14°C.
The otolith growth rate of a phase was positively correlated to an increment radius at the end of the phase. Furthermore, total length had a positive correlation with otolith growth rate of the latest phase, Ph-3, showing that body size might be determined by the latest growth rate of the individual.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (602K) -
赤松 友成, 畠山 良己, 石井 憲, 添田 秀男, 嶋村 哲哉, 小島 隆人1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 591-597
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRecently, the dolphin's and porpoise's entanglement in gill net becomes an issue. The situation requires that the effective counter-measure should be done.
We reserched the dolphin's entanglement condition and their ability of recognizing the gill net.
We used bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus. The net enclosure in Taiji port in Wakayama prefecture was the experiment field. We observed the dolphin's behavior related to barriers such as a gill net, float, rope, and netting only (without float line and ground line). The dolphin got entangled only in the condition that it swan at night and the barrier is netting only. At daytime, bottlenose dolphin might mainly use the sense of sight. At night it might use echolocation.
We concluded that at daytime dolphin can recognize the net only, at night it can recognize the existence of the net, but can scarcely recognize the detail of the net's figure by echoloca-tion. On the other hand, at night the dolphin can recognize sufficiently the float by echo-location.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (535K) -
朝比奈 潔, 小橋 二夫, 添田 秀男1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 599-605
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーReturning chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta captured by set-nets placed along the Shiretoko Peninsula Hokkaido contain both silvery and nuptial colored fish. The nuptial color further develops in spawning fish in the river. To clarify physiological changes during nuptial coloration, plasma osmolality, electrolite concentrations, and plasma levels of testosterone, estradiol-17β, growth hormone, thyroxine, and the thickness of the skin were investigated using the fish captured in September and October. Plasma osmolality and concentrations of sodium and chloride significantly decreased in the spawning group but there was no significant difference between the silvery and the nuptial colored groups. Plasma calcium and magnesium significantly decreased during nuptial coloration in both sexes. The thickness of the skin, especially the epidermis, closely correlated with the development of nuptial color. Plasma testosterone level also increased during nuptial coloration in both sexes, but the level of females captured in the sea was much lower than that of corresponding males. Plasma concentration of thyroxine of females captured in the sea was significantly lower than that of males. Growth hormone levels increased during nuptial colora-tion in both sexes, and stayed high even in the river. These results indicate that the nuptial colored salmon captured in the sea have the same adapting ability to the seawater as the silvery fish, and that testosterone might promote the nuptial coloration and thickening of the skin. Sexual differences of the testosterone levels detected in the seawater salmon suggest that other hormones, such as thyroxine, may act as an antagonist to testosterone.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (582K) -
田畑 満生, Maung Minh-Nyo, 小栗 幹郎1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 607-612
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe role of the eyes and pineal organ in the circadian timing system of locomotor activity in catfish Silurus asotus was examined in continuous darkness (DD) and two different intensities of continuous light (dim LL and LL). Freerunning activity was present even after removal of the eyes or the pineal organ, indicating that these organs were not the driving oscillators. However, removal of these organs had different effects on circadian locomotor activity in each condition. (1) In DD, circadian period (τ) of pinealectomized fish were significantly different (p<0.05) from those of intact fish. (2) In LL, the τ of ophthalmectomized fish were significantly different from intact fish (p<0.01). (3) In dim LL, the τ of treated groups were not different from those of intact fish. These results indicate that the biological clock of catfish receives photic input from different photo-receptors separately and integrally depending on the quality of the stimulus.
Eyes were presumed to be responsible for obedience to the modified Aschoff's rule in respect to the τ and total locomotor activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (443K) -
吉越 一馬, 高 良夫1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 613-618
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUsing a freeze-substitution method, we examined light microscopic localizations of hydrolase activities in the alimentary canal of six species of parasitic copepods: Conchyliurus quintus, Modi-olicola bifidus, Ostrincola koe, Panaietis yamagutii, Neoergasilus japonicus and Ergasilus orientalis. Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in the striated border of the non-vacuolar midgut cells. Acid phosphatase activity was detected in the secretary vacuoles of the vacuolar midgut cells and the striated border of the non-vacuolar midgut cells. Non-specific esterase, β-N-acetylglucosami-nidase and β-glucuronidase activities were detected only in the secretory vacuoles of the vacuolar midgut cells. No positive reactions were observed in the labral glands. These results suggest that digestive enzymes of these parasitic copepods are lysosomal enzymes secreted by the vacuolar midgut cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2979K) -
川津 浩嗣, 久保埜 和成, 若林 高明1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 619-622
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe anticoagulant effect of potassium warfarin and the antagonistic effect of vitamin K3 a-gainst warfarin were examined using common carp. Three different dosages of warfarin with and without supplementary vitamin K3 were orally administered to common carp for 10-14 days, and prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured at in-tervals of 3-7 days. At dosages of 2.0 and 1.0mg/kg/day of warfarin, prolongation of PT and APTT was observed. Supplementation of vitamin K3 was effective in preventing the prolongation of PT at a dosage of 1.0mg of warfarin, but it was not effective at 2.0mg. On the other hand, supplementation of vitamin K3 could not prevent prolongation of APTT with any warfarin dosage used, indicating that the antagonistic effect of vitamin K3 against warfarin is limited to PT.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (274K) -
飯田 浩二, 向井 徹, 石井 清彦1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 623-627
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper discusses the application of a dual beam echo sounder to the estimation of fish length.
The dual beam method is typically used for measurement of the in situ target strength of fish. The in situ target strength is an important parameter, not only for obtaining the echo integrator scaling factor but also for estimating the fish length that is related to target strength.
A prototype dual beam echo sounder system with computer technology was developed and used in the acoustic survey conducted at Lake Kuttara. Kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka is abundant in this lake.
Many individual echoes were recorded using the dual beam echo sounder and target strength data were collected.
Converting target strength, TS, into body length, l, was done using the following relational formula:
TS(dB)=20logl(cm)-66.0
Results of the analysis indicated that both the distributions of target strength and body length which were estimated by the dual beam method agreed to the catch data obtained from net sampling.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
Winai Rhoobunjongde, 畑井 喜司雄, 和田 新平, 窪田 三朗1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 629-635
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFusarium moniliforme was isolated from gill lesions of kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus, with black gill disease at a private farm in Okinawa Prefecture in 1989. The colonies of the fungus cultured on upper surface of potato dextrose agar were floccose, creamy white, undersurface a lavender to violet, but did not grow on mycobiotic agar containing cycloheximide. The present report describes the first case of F. moniliforme infection in crustacea. An experimental infection using kuruma prawn was made by intramuscular injection with the conidia of F. moniliforme NJM 8995. For comparison, Fusarium solani NJM 8996 isolated also from a kuruma prawn with black gill disease in Okinawa Prefecture in 1989, was used as a reference. The clinical signs and path-ological findings of the disease caused by the two species of the fungi were similar. Identification of the fungi isolated from the lesions was based principally upon the cultural characteristics. The use of a media lacking cycloheximide is recommended for the isolation of F. moniliforme.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (762K) -
鷲尾 真佐人, 筒井 実, 田北 徹1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 637-644
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe age and growth of the herbivorous mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were studied in the mud flat of the Midori River, Kumamoto Prefecture. A mark is formed on the second pectoral radials twice a year, in summer (age-indicating) and late autumn. The specimens (829 individuals collected from 1986 to 1989) mostly consisted of one and two year olds with the oldest being four years old. The fish grows fast from spring to late autumn. However the annual growth rate falls markedly after two years of age. Growth was found to vary both within and between year classes, probably due to the feeding behavior resulting from being confined to a bounded grazing area. The fish having less growth in the first year grew more in the second year. However, the year classes attaining a larger size by the first winter would still keep their superiority in size in the following years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (891K) -
Susana F. Baldia, 西島 敏隆, 畑 幸彦, 深見 公雄1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 645-654
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe growth characteristics of Spirulina platensis (K-2 strain), a freshwater isolate from Lake Kojima, was determined for nitrogen utilization. The alga can utilize nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, urea, casamino acids, and some amino acids as nitrogen sources with best growth at urea and asparagine. The stimulating effect of some organic extracts and nucleic acids was observed. Values on the different growth parameters for nitrate, ammonia, urea, and asparagine were the following: half-saturation constant (Ks) of 1.2, 0.25, 0.15 and 0.10mg N/l, respectively; maximum growth rate (μmax) of 0.48, 0.67, 1.2 and 0.7/d, respectively; and nitrogen level for saturated growth yield of 11, 5, 10 and 8mg N/l, respectively. Results indicated that the metabolic efficiency of the alga is best on urea and is worst on nitrate. The alga was found to have specific growth parameters for each nitrogen source independent of its preconditioning in different nitrogen sources. Enzyme systems for ammonia and urea assimilation seemed to be constitutive but those for aspar-agine assimilation may be induced by depletion of nitrogen or incubation in the sole nitrogen source of asparagine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (603K) -
松田 皎, 胡 夫祥, 佐藤 要, 五月女 雄二郎, 春日 功1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 655-660
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA field experiment was conducted by FRV “Shinyo-maru” belonging to Tokyo University of Fisheries in order to make detailed measurements on operational characteristics of a mid-water trawl system. Time series data describing the net geometry and the towing loads occurring during hauls were measured by SCANMAR system (acoustic spreadmeter and netsonde) and self recording solid state memory load cell and depth meter at the towing speed ranging 2.5 to 4.5kt with changing the warp length from 100m to 500m. It was shown that the spread of wingend increased with increase of towing speed and with increase of warp length. Especially, the change in warp length affects largely the wingend spread.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (364K) -
胡 夫祥, 松田 皎1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 661-666
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEquilibrium differential equations of motion for a three dimensional midwater trawl system, which consists of warp, otter board and trawl net were introduced. A new analytical method that was solved from the side of net as initial conditions was developed. A computer simula-tion was made and the results were compared with those of the field experiments on the midwater trawl system of FRV “Shinyo-maru” belonging to the Tokyo University of Fisheries. There was good agreement between simulation and experiment on the working depth of the otter board and the net. However, in regard to the spread of wingend, it was observed that the difference between both increased with the warp length. This is supposed that the attack angle of otter board was not always settled in perfect condition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (362K) -
西野 甫, 田中 幹雄, 横山 理雄1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 667-671
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe degree of meat adhesion to different kinds of plastic casings was examined in retort sterilized fish sausages. It was found that the plastic casings of great wettability such as polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyester and polyamide brought about greater meat adhesion than the ones of low wettability such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
If polyethylene casing was modified on its surface by corona discharge or ultraviolet radiation, it brought about much greater meat adhesion than non-modified one. The meat adhesion of modified polyvinylidene chloride which was introduced -COOH groups to the surface of casings became greater. In these two cases the important factors of meat adhesion were not only the wettability but also the functional group introduced to surface of casings.
On the other hand, rough surface plastic casings brought about a little greater meat adhesion than smooth surface ones. Physical roughness of plastic casings had less effect on meat adhesion than chemical factor such as functional group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (521K) -
中島 謙二1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 673-679
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGrowth and thrust power of goldfish, carp, and red sea bream fed on DMPT-, DMT-, and the vitamin U-supplemented diets were examined. The growth of DMPT, DMT, and the vitamin U group fish in this order was greatly stimulated with increased culture periods. This trend was similarly confirmed in the experiments determining the thrust power of these fish fed on test com-pounds. During the short experimental period, values of feed efficiency in the DMPT group fish were much higher than those in the other fish group. Experiments examining blood components and viscera weight from tested carp suggest that the marked enhancement of growth and thrust power resulted from the dietary administration of DMPT is closely related to increased or decreased amounts of several blood components in test fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (503K) -
渡邉 武, 李 明哲, 水谷 潤, 山田 哲雄, 佐藤 秀一, 竹内 俊郎, 吉田 範秋, 北田 哲夫, 荒川 敏久1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 681-694
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRed seabream broodstock were fed various diets of different nutritional quality for either 26 days or shortly before spawning to clarify the effective components in cuttlefish meal and raw krill which aid in quality egg production.
The percentage of buoyant eggs was lowest in the control group receiving the white fish meal diet, and was elevated by the addition of 200mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. The value was also effectively improved by replacement of white fish meal with defatted or intact cuttlefish meal as a protein source. Feeding broodstock with frozen raw krill after previously being fed control diet resulted in elevation of the percentage of buoyant eggs and normal larvae. Equally good results were obtained by substitution of cuttlefish liver oil in the control diet with 2.5% krill polar lipid or 2.5% krill nonpolar lipid. However, neither defatted krill meal nor fat-soluble fraction of cut-tlefish meal showed the good effect on the egg quality.
Consequently, the superior quality of cuttlefish meal to the white fish meal as a protein source for red seabream broodstock diets was reconfirmed. And the effective components in raw krill, aiding the reproduction of red seabream, are suggested to be the polar and nonpolar lipid fractions. In addition, vitamin E was also found to have the same efficiency for improvement of the egg quality.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (902K) -
渡邉 武, 藤村 卓也, 李 明哲, 福所 邦彦, 佐藤 秀一, 竹内 俊郎1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 695-698
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRed seabream broodstock were fed on various diets shortly before spawning to reexamine the effectiveness of phospholipid and astaxanthins for the improvement of egg quality in comparison to frozen raw krill or vitamin E.
The rate of buoyant eggs was lowest in the broodstock fed the control diet, and the value was elevated by supplementation of 200mg α-tocopherol, 2.5% krill polar lipids and 2.5% krill non-polar lipids or by feeding frozen raw krill. The rate of hatching was also improved by inclusion of one of these substances into the control diet.
These results suggested that the effective components in raw krill for improving the quality of red seabream eggs are both phosphatidyl choline of the polar lipid fraction and astaxanthins of the polar lipid fraction. Therefore, the principal factors aiding the reproduction of red seabream are the common factors between these substances, probably free radical scavengers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (291K) -
長島 裕二, 野口 玉雄, 河端 俊治, 橋本 周久1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 699-704
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDose-death time curves in ddY strain male mice were established for paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) components: saxitoxin (STX), neoSTX, gonyautoxin 5 (GTX5), a mixture of GTX1 and GTX4, a mixture of GTX2 and GTX3, and a mixture of protogonyautoxin 1 (PX1) and PX2. Their curves clearly differed from the curve for STX derived from Sommer's Table. Logarithm of toxicity in mouse units (MU) of these toxin components and reciprocal of death time (sec) of mouse correlated well with each other, irrespective of PSP component. Regression lines for STX, neoSTX, GTX5, a mixture of GTX1 and GTX4, and a mixture of GTX2 and GTX3, were statistically indifferent from each other (p>0.05), and were collectively expressed by an equation, Y=182X-0.220, in which Y represents the log of toxicity (MU) and X, the reciprocal of death time in sec. Thereby, toxicity (MU) would be calculated according to the following equation; MU=10(182/t)-0.220, in which t represents death time in sec. Partially purified scallop PSP consisting predominantly of GTX1-4 gave essentially the same regression line and its toxicity value would also be determined by the above equation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
Shi-Yen Shiau, Su-Fun Lin, Lon-Jen Lu1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 705-710
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of three types of wheat flour, straight flour, first grade clear flour and second grade clear flour, in grass prawn, Penaeus monodon, feed. Of the three flours, second grade clear flour was either supplemented with potassium bromate or without. Corn starch with a commercial binder, carboxymethylcellulose, was included in the study as comparison. Results showed that shrimp fed diets containing either straight flour, first grade clear flour or second grade clear flour had identical body weight gain, protein digestibility, dry matter digestibility and carbohydrate digestibility. All diets performed similar water stability regardless of which type of flour was incorporated. These data suggest that all three types of wheat flour have the same nutritional value in P. monodon feed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
Shi-Yen Shiau, Chung-Ching Kwok, Ben-Shan Chou1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 711-716
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe study was aimed at determining the optimal protein level for P. monodon reared in seawater and in brackish water. Six isoenergetic purified diets were prepared containing 32-52% protein level in 4% increments. These diets were fed at 8% of the body weight/day at two different salinity levels (16 ppt and 32 ppt) for 8 weeks. Results from this study indicated that weight gain and protein retention of shrimp were proportional to the protein content of the diet up to incorporation rate of 44% and 40% crude protein when shrimp were reared in 16 ppt and 32 ppt salinity, respectively. Beyond this level, no significant (p>0.05) differences in weight gain and protein retention were found. Protein digestibility of each diet was identi-cal regardless of the protein content in the diet. These results suggest that the optimal dietary protein level for P. monodon is about 44% in brackish (16 ppt) water and 40% in seawater (32 ppt).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
佐藤 守, 將野 喜之, 吉中 禮二1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 717-721
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fingerings were fed experimental diets containing different levels of potassium L-ascorbyl 2-sulfate(AsS) or L-ascorbic acid(AsA). The growth, the develop-ment of vitamin C-deficiency signs, the concentration of AsA in liver and plasma, and the ratio of hydroxyproline to proline in skin and bone collagens were examined for evaluating AsS as a vitamin C source.
The results obtained indicated that (1) the supplement of 21 mg of AsS (AsA 10 mg eq.) per 100 g of diet was sufficient for the normal growth, the prevention of vitamin C-deficiency and the normal collagen biosynthesis, and (2) the supplement of 419 mg of AsS (AsA 200 mg eq.) was required for the maximal accumulation of AsA in tissues.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (364K) -
三嶋 敏雄, 横山 哲夫, 矢野 健治, 槌本 六良1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 723-730
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe Michaelis constants (Km), maximum velocity (Vmax), and temperature dependence of myofibrillar Ca2+-and Mg2+-ATPase were examined using fishes in the sea around Sakishima Islands inhabiting at 28°C and in the Yellow Sea inhabiting at 9°C. The Km values of myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase were lower with fishes from Yellow Sea than with fishes from Sakishima Islands, while Km values of myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase did not differ between fishes from Yellow Sea and Sakishima Islands, The Vmax levels of myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase did not differ between fishes from Yellow Sea and Sakishima Islands, but those of myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase were higher in fishes from Yellow Sea than in fishes from Sakishima Islands at reaction temperatures of 10°C and 30°C. Temperature dependency of myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase activity in a saturated substrate concentration was not different between fishes from Yellow Sea and Sakishima Islands, but that of myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase activity was smaller with fishes from Yellow Sea than with fishes from Sakishima Islands. The differences in Mg2+-ATPase with varying habitat temperature indicate the existence of an efficient mechanism for locomotory activity in fishes living in lower habitat temperatures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (517K) -
朴 春奎, 松居 隆, 渡辺 勝子, 山口 勝己, 鴻巣 章二1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 731-735
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe muscle extracts of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi cultured at the southern coast near Chungmu and the eastern coast near Pohang of Korea, were analyzed for extractive nitrogen, free and combined amino acids, nucleotides and related compounds, quaternary ammonium bases, and guanidino compounds using specimens collected in December, 1988 and in April, 1989, and com-pared for those contents with each other.
The amount of extractive nitrogen fluctuated regionally in both seasons. Free amino acids, such as taurine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, and alanine, were rich in all the samples. However, the amounts of those amino acids were considerably different between the two localities in winter and spring samples. As for nucleotides and related compounds, the regional variation was clearly observed again in both of the winter and spring samples similarly to extractive nitrogen and free amino acids. Glycinebetaine, homarine, and trigonelline were detected in all the samples, The amounts of those betaines did not differ greatly between the two spring samples, but those of the two winter samples exhibited a great discrepancy with each other.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (316K) -
笠原 賀代子, 西堀 幸吉1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 737-741
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe suppressive effect of fermented seasoning on fishy odor of sardine in the “mirin-boshi” was studied.
By a sensory test, it was found that the fishy odor was detected clearly in the “mirin-boshi” flavored with mirin, but detected slightly in that flavored with fermented seasoning.
The volatile components of roasted salt-dried sardine (sample 1), “mirin-boshi” flavored with mirin (sample 2) and “mirin-boshi” flavored with fermented seasoning (sample 3) were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Gas chromatographic patterns of volatile fishy components of sample 1, 2, and 3 were essentially the same. However, isoamyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol were found to be specific to sample 3 and ethyl alcohol was the highest peak in sample 2 and 3. The above three alcohols were confirmed to be derived from the fermented seasoning.
The effect of the added three authentic alcohols on fishy odor was then examined by a sensory test.
These results seemed to support that phenethyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol contributed to mask the fishy odor of sardine in the “mirin-boshi” flavored with fermented seasoning.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
坂田 完三, 岩瀬 洋一郎, 伊奈 和夫, 藤田 大介1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 743-746
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom one of highly unpalatable red algae Plocamium leptophyllum for the marine herbivorous gastropod Turbo cornutus, halogenated monoterpenes were isolated as potent feeding inhibitors against not only this herbivorous gastropod but also other herbivores including the abalone Haliotis discus, the top shell Omphalius pfeifferi and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. One of them was identified by spectroscopic analysis as aplysiaterpenoid A which was previously isolated from the red alga P. telfairiae as well as the sea hare Aplysia kurodai.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
浜井 昌志, 山田(折戸) 美由紀, 今野 久仁彦1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 747-753
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe stabilizing effect of ATP and its analogues on fish myosin subfragment-l (S-1) was in-vestigated under various conditions. ATP strongly stabilized all S-1 tested, and ADP was less effective. The effect of PPi depends upon S-1s from fish species and KCl concentration for the thermal treatment; in 0.1M KCl, carp and rabbit S-1 were both stabilized by PPi, while tilapia S-1 was destabilized upon PPi addition. ATP and its analogues increased the turbidity of S-1 solution just as change in ATPase inactivation rate. The protective effect of sorbitol was similarly observed even after S-1 was fully stabilized by ATP binding.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (467K) -
朱 暁萍, 木村 茂1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 755-760
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSkipjack Euthynnus pelamis is one of the species of warm-blooded fishes and its true dark muscle is often 10°C warmer than the surrounding water. In this study, we have isolated soluble Type I collagens from the true dark muscle, ordinary muscle, and skin of skipjack in order to make a comparison on their thermal stability and subunit composition.
The denaturation temperature of dark muscle collagen, 33.0°C, was found to be higher than those of ordinary muscle and skin collagens by 0.2°C and 2.0°C, respectively. This was explained by the high degree of proline hydroxylation, that is, the high content of hydroxyproline in the dark muscle collagen, when compared to the other two collagens. On the other hand, the chromatographic and electrophoretic analyses of these collagens showed a tissue-specific existence of two molecular forms; an (α1)2a2 heterotrimer for dark and ordinary muscles and an α1α2α3 heterotrimer for skin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (921K) -
Aditep Nontratip, 和田 俊, 山中 英明1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 761-766
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPost-mortem glycolysis and ATP degradation during storage at -3°C, 2°C, and 20°C were in-vestigated in the muscle of ascidian Halocynthia roretzi.
Glycogen contents varied obviously with the seasons and were high from May to September and low from December to March, suggesting that the ascidian meat is more palatable in summer than in winter. Of all glycolytic metabolites, glucose was most abundant, followed by glucose-6-phosphate, and they increased remarkably during storage at low temperatures. Glucose-l-phos-phate was not detected and high amounts of glucose was observed, suggesting that glycogen was degraded mainly through amylolytic pathway. Lactic acid was the final product of glycolysis since its accumulation was markedly observed and pH decreased during storage.
As for ATP and related compounds in live ascidian muscle, AMP was most abundant but ATP was detected in small amounts. ATP, ADP, and AMP decreased during storage while inosine and hypoxanthine increased noticeably. IMP and adenosine were detected in small amounts, indicat-ing that AMP was degraded through two pathways. K value increased rapidly as decomposition progressed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
石川 雅紀, 奈良 英俊1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 767
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (94K) -
香川 浩彦, 田中 秀樹, 奥澤 公一, 松山 倫也, 広瀬 慶二1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 769
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (112K) -
Maung Minh-Nyo, 田畑 満生, 小栗 幹郎1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 771
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (106K) -
1991 年 57 巻 4 号 p. 777
発行日: 1991年
公開日: 2008/04/21
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (36K)
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