巻号一覧
20 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の19件中1～19を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
小泉 孝1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 569-570
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe shrinkage, the diameter and the tensile strength of 2/4 and 3/6 netting cords made with 100D×12 Saran (yellow) yarns of 50cm. long, were measured in the case of various twist.
As shown in Fig. s 1, 2 and 3, we know that (1) the cord has the maximum tensile strength in case the upper and lower twists are in balance, and this maximum value decreases according to the number of twist increases, and that (2) the values of N and n, in balance, follow the next formulae.
2/4:N=110(1-0.363 ?? /100) 3/6:N=100(1-0.363 ?? /100)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (64K) -
飯高 勇之助1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 571-575
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhen a purse seine is laied out in the waters where there exists a strong under-water current, it happens not seldom to occur that the net is entangled by the current and a part of the bottom margin of the net is pulled into a purse ring with the purse line. For the purpose of getting out of this trouble, a series of model experiments based on TAUTI'S principle was made. The shape of the whole net and that of the purse line were photographed at various stages of pursing for various directions of current, when the cork line was held in a fixed circle. The results are summarized in Fig. 4 and 5, from which it is supposed that the entangling of the net may occure at a deeper part of the purse line at a comparatively eary stage of the pursing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (276K) -
田口 喜三郎, 廣瀬 寛1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 576-580
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom middle of May to early August in 1953, survey of surface current was carried out by Salmon Factory Ship with current meter at the west Aleutian and South eastern Kamchatka regions.
Observation were made simultaneously at the layer of 25 and 500 meters. Direction and speeds of surface currents were estimated as relative values to those of 500m layer in conception of that no current is present in the layer of 500m. Table 1. shows the result of the observation, and figures 1-8 show water currents relative to distributions of water masses and transparency in every 10 days. As the results of the present research, some presumption given below may be drawn out.
In the southern offing of Aleutian Is., the current which flows to south from Bering Sea goes into the water mass which runs northwards, and in this contact zone current moves westerly with velocity of 0.5-1.0 miles per hour. The current that flows to the W or NW with velocity of 2-4 mils per hour exists in the intermediate region of Aleutian Is. and Kamchatka Pen.
With above results, we may conclude there are counter currents of Kuroshio in the region of Kamchatka and West Aleutian, and the counter currents flow towards west or northwest.
It may be decided that the salmon migrate to Kamchatka from West Aleutian region depending on these currents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (274K) -
紅鮭(Oncorhynchus nerka)田口 喜三郎, 西川 喜代志1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 581-585
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOn the migration routes of red salmon, some reports have been made by previous authors, but analysis for seasonal and local changes of the routes have not been done. By the present study the following new findings are obtained.
Most of red appeared off Southern part of East coast of Kamchatka migrate northwards until the end of June. But after that time or early July, Southery migrants become to increase in number.
In the West coast of Kamchatka, there is such tendency that most ones migrate to North in offing, while in coastal waters most ones migrate towards South.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (248K) -
白鮭 (Oncorhynchus Keta)田口 喜三郎, 西川 喜代志1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 586-590
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy the results of tagging experiments of chum salmon carried out in 3 years from 1935 to 1937 at the 21 fishing bases in Russian territory by Nichiro Fisheries Co., next presumptions relative to the movement in the coastal waters are added.
(1) Along the coasts of Kamchatka River, Nachigin and Kholyulin regions, chum salmon has a tendency to migrates northward, along those of Em-Et. Lovrofa and Olyutorskii, it migrates south westwards.
(2) On the west coast of Kamchtka, much migrate northerly, and few southerly. In Okhotsk region westerly. Also we may draw out next conclusion from the results of tagging experiments carried in the offing of south eastern Kamchatka during the past 5 years from 1936 to 1941 by Taiheiyo Fisheries Co. Among the chums liberated in the offing of East coast of South Kamchatka, it is likely that 20% of run northwards and 50% southwards irrespective of season.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (258K) -
板澤 靖男1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 591-598
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEngraulis japonicus taken at random from the catch of commercial seine in the neighbouring waters of Ise Bay from 1951 to 1953 were examined, and the following knowledge was gained.
(1) Generally speaking, the number of the abdominal vertebrae (A. V. N.) is 26, and that of the caudal (C. V. N., excluding the urostyle) is 18 or 19, and the average number of the total vertebrae depends on the ratio of 18 to 19 in numbers of the caudal vertebrae in one batch of fish. (Table 1, 2 and 3)
(2) (a) In each of 983 fishes of 3, 854 samples (ca. 25%), one or two modified forms of vertebrae were encountered. (b) The vertebrae of modified form are classifiable into six types (Fig. 1, A-F), and these again can be grouped into two groupes-the one (A-C) has one or two additional spines and the other (D-F) has an incomplete spine or centrum. Fish belonging to the former group have 44 vertebral segments (18 caudal segments), and those of the later group have 45 vertebral segments (19 caudal segments). (Table 4, 5, 6 and 7). (c) Each type of modified vertebra has the fixed position, A is at L-1 (the last vertebra immediately preceding the urostyle), B, C and D at L-2 (the penultimate vertebra), E at L-3 (the pre-penultimate vertebra) and F at L-2 or L-3. (Table 8). (d) The fish with the modified vertebra may be considered as intermediate between the fish with 44 normal vertebrae and that with 45 normal vertebrae. (see Schema)
(3) In the tail part, neural and haemal spines are secured to the vertebrae by cross-ties (Fig. 1, Normal, L-1-L-4), and this part will be referred to as the “Tail Vertebrae”. The relation of the average number of the tail vertebrae (M. T. N.) to the average length of body (M. B. L.) is shown in Fig. 2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (564K) -
田中 昌一1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 599-603
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhen a fish population has been depleted by a heavy exploitation with the yield from the population maintaining an unfavourable level, one likely expects that the situation may be improved by reduction of fishing effort. Upon a sudden reduction of fishing mortality, p, from p1 to p2 at time ?? =0, the yield once decreases and then increases gradually until it reaches another steady level higher than the former level.
The present paper deals, along the course of BARANOV's method, with an transition stage of the population following the sudden change of p, as well as a steady state before and long after the change. Relations between the steady yield and the steady fishing mortality (effort-yield curves) are calculated for various values of parameters, λ0 (=l0/u, where l0 is the length of recruit and u is yearly increase of the length), q (natural mortality rate) and b (remainder of life of fish at the time of recruitment) (Fig. 2). It is noteworthy that in case of a species growing so slowly after the recruitment, then λ0 is large, the fishing restriction could sc ?? ?? cely be effective on the yield (Fig. 4).
Unsteady yield curve is calculated for the case in which λ0=4, q=0.15, b=10 and p1=1.35, representing the parameters in the present state of “sohachi-garei” Cleisthenes herzensteini (SCHMIDT) in the south-western area of the Japan Sea (Fig. 5).
Density effects on the growth and the natural mortality, which are briefly discussed, appear to diminish the practicability of the restriction considerably (Fig. 6).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (325K) -
魚介類の鮮度低下に伴うビタミンB12の変化(その2)森高 次郎, 橋本 芳郎, 前田 安彦1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 604-609
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn previous paper, the authors have reported that the bacterial decomposition or synthesis scemed to be the main cause of the marked variations observed on the vitamin content in spoilage of marme aniimals.
To ascertain this respect, aerobic and, anaerobic bacteria were isolated from jack mackerel, baby clam, sardine, mackerel-pike and goby meats and their abilities of decomposition or production were tested (from Table 2 to 4). These bacteria were isolated in an usual manner and some of them were classified after the Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The isolated bacteria were incubated with vitamin B12 in the tests for decomposing activity and without it for producing power. After incubation, culture media and bacterial cells were treated and extracted at 90°C for 10 mins. and analysed for the survival vitamin by the Euglena method.
On the other hand, fifty-six species of the authentic various bacteria were examined on their activity on the vitamin in the same manner above mentioned and the results are summarized in Table 5.
Some of these bacteria decomposed the vitamin remarkably, wherear othes synthesized it or remained unconcerned, and the behavior of bacteria for vitamin B12 seemed to be species-specific. However, it is noticeable that Achromobacter and Pseudomonas, common fish-spoiling bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis contain more decomposing species and producing bacteria less.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (313K) -
色素中のPyrrole環物質向井 克憲1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 610-612
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to get more precise information as to the origin of the coloring of whale oil, the author inquired in the present work into the possible contribution of porphyrinic matters and of pyrrolic compounds.
The results of experiment (cf. Tables 2, 3) show that pyrrole ring is present but porphyrin nucleus is absent both in whale oils and in their pigments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (184K) -
魚肉の腐敗及びイカ塩辛熟成における食塩量との関係について長崎 亀, 山本 龍男1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 613-616
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis report is a part of investigations that have been made to clear the mechanism of salt antiseptication.
1) As far as the influence of dryness does not affect, the fish muscle which is saturated with salt to its own water content is able to preserve sufficiently. But, in case drying method is different the aspect of putrefaction differs from each other.
2) Optimum temperature and salt concentration in preparation of “Ika-shiokara” are 20°C and 20% respectively.
3) It is infered that the characteristic flavor of “Ika-shiokara” is not attrributable to the variation of amino acids in the course of ripening.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (278K) -
イカ塩辛熟成中に於ける一知見長崎 亀, 山本 龍男1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 617-620
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy the measuring of free amino acids and various type of nitrogens in the course of ripening of “Ika-shiokara”, the following results were obtained.
(1) In the course of ripening, the mono-amino nitrogen content of “Ika-shiokara” increascd remarkably in comparison with the di-amino nitrogen content.
From the above result, it is considered that mono-amino acid is the primary chmical compo-nent related to the taste of “Ika-shiokara”.
(2) It is infered that the presence of salt changes the course of microbiological metabolism in the ripenig of “Ika-shiokara” from the stand point of the existence of proline at the end of ripening.
(3) By the technique of paperchromatography 15 amino acids were detected in the course of ripening but there was no appreciable change in the sort of amino acids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (212K) -
ランゲルハンス氏島と抽出法に就て齋藤 要, 横山 彰1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 621-624
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous papers we reported about the pancreas of marine mammals from Hokkaido as the resources of insulin.
In this paper we dealt with the LANGERHANS' islets and pancreas of marine mammals mainly from a morphological point of view. The weight of pancreas, number of the LANGERHANS islets and their distribution in pancreas were examined and are summarized in Table 1 and Fig. 1. The position of pancreas in a body and its external form differed slightly according to the species of the mammals. In the pancreas, LANGERHANS' islets were found to be more dense in the head part than at the caudal part.
The yield of insulin from the seal pancreas was examined using various extraction methods, such as DUDLEY'S, SCOTT'S and the acidic acetone methods. The results are shown in Table 2. The white powder of high potency, directly applicable for medical use, was obtained easily by the method devided by the authors, which is described in Fig. 2.
Judging from the results obtained sofar and the availability of a comparatively large amount of the fresh pancreas from marine mammals in Hokkaido, these mammals may be the valuable resources of insulin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1451K) -
キンデンザメ(仮稱)Centrophorus sp.肝油の炭化水素含量について東 秀雄, 金子 徳五郎, 杉井 麒三郎1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 625-626
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with chemical analysis of the liver oil obtained from a species of sharks belonging to Centrophorus which is tentatively assigned as “kindenzame”.
Shown in Table 1 are major morphometric characters of this shark. Of many species so far examined, this shark present on the average of the liver weighing about 23% of the body which is the heaviest next to that of the “aizame” Centrophorus sp.; and the oil content of the liver was similar to those of sharks reported previously.
Table 2 indicates characteristics of liver oil and its unsaponifiable matter. The hydrocarbon content in the liver oil of this shark was found higher than in other sharks except “aizame”, Centrophorus sp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (141K) -
ユメザメ(Centroscymnus owstoni GARMAN)の雄の肝油中の炭化水素含量と精巣の重量との関係について東 秀雄, 金子 徳五郎, 杉井 麒三郎1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 627-632
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the fourth paper of this series it was reported that the males of Centrosc ymnus show individual varience in the hydrocarbon content of their liver oil, which was supposed to be probably related with the weight of their milts.
In an attempt at ascertaining that view we have investigated about 30 samples of the same species which were obtained recently and agreed with the previous samples in regard to the average weight of the liver, oil content in the liver and the hydrocarbon content in its oil.
As a result the milts have been found to weigh only 1.44% to the body weight, oiil content of the milts 0.38% and hydrocarbon content of the oil 6.16%.
No clear tendency was found in relation between weight of the milt and hydrocarbon content in the liver oil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (321K) -
諸種の深海産鮫類肝油の炭化水素含量並に深海産鮫類肝油の比重,屈折率及び不鹸化物含量と炭化水素含量との關係について東 秀雄, 金子 徳五郎, 杉井 麒三郎1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 633-640
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper the content of hydrocarbon contained in the liver oil of various deep sea sharks is reported except those species studied previously.
Although most species examined for the present study have been found with amounts of hydrocarbon, there were exceptions of species or individuals whose liver oils scarcely contained hydrocarbon. They were sample shark No.8, Pseudotriakis acrages and some of Scymnodon squamulosus.
Referring to the liver oil obtained from all the samples examined so far the relationships of the hydrocarbon content with either of specific gravity (1), refractive index (2) and the unsaponfiable matter content (3) are expressed by the following equations, respectively;
x=1773.2-1960 t1……………(1) (Fig.1)
x=3418.8t2-4991.9……………(2) (Fig.2)
x=1.266t3-28.7……………(3) (Fig.3)
where x is the hydrocarbon content in the liver oil (%)
t1, specific gravity (d_??_) of the liver oil
t2, refractive index (n_??_) of the liver oil
t3, unsaponifiable matter in the liver oil (%).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1415K) -
An Anomalous Component in the Aqueous Extracts of Squid MuscleMasao MIGITA, Juichiro J. MATSUMOTO1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 641-652
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) When squid muscle were repeatedly extracted with 2_??_20 times the amount oof water, streaming birefringence (SB) was observed in the second and the following extracts (Fig. 1).
2) When squid muscle were extracted repeatedly the total amount of proteins passing into solution amounted to 55.5 per cent of total proteins. In carp and horse .mackerel muscle, however, the totalextractible proteins was not so much beyond the amount of non-myosins which was to be expected from the literature on the subject (Table 1)
3) The amount of water soluble proteins of squid muscle increased with the in crease of the ratio of extracting water to muscle, while those of flat fish and horse mackerel muscle attained a constant value with the increasing ratio (Fig. 2).
4) In squid, the amount of non-myosins was as small as one fifth to one third of the water extractible fraction, while in flat fish, horse mackerel, and carp, the .amount of ncn-myosins werefound to coincide roughly with that of the water extra-ctible fraction (Tables 1 and 2).
5) If the aqueous extracts of squid muscle were dialysed against distilled water, some of the proteins precipitated on centrifugation. The precipitate from the seconct extract showed SB if it was mixed into an aqueous suspension, while the precipitate of the first extract did not.
6) Some of the proteins precipitated out if KCI was added to aqueous extracts. of squid muscle so as to make up mixtures of varying ionic strengths ranging from 0.0005 to 1.0. The relationship of solubility to ionic strength seems to suggest the presence of both myosin proper and actomyosin in the aqueous extracts (Figs. 3 and 4).
7) In view of these facts it was suggested that in the case of squid muscle, myosin might be dispersed into the aqueous suspension and give rise to the characteristic SB.
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Miss Tomiko ARAI and Mr. Yoshio. Isxiro for their devoted assistance in the experimental work.
The authors thank Mrs. Dorothy GILNER who has kindly consented to read overthe manuscript.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1351K) -
鹸化法によるビタミンAの濃縮(その3)液々抽出法新聞 彌一郎, 菊池 嶺1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 653-657
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs it was found in the previous studies that the precipitating method was not suitable for the economical manufacture of vitamin A concentrate comparable with synthetic one, we made an attempt to obtain vitamin A concentrate by liquid-liquid extraction.
In the present study, benzene is adopted as a solvent to extract vitamin A for economical consideration. When benzene is used for solvent, main difficulty in the extraction consists in formation of emulsion produced with benzene and soap solution. However, by removing excess alkali present in soap solution, we can prevent the emulsification and easily extract vitamin A from concentrated soap solution (Table1) The following method A or B is taken for removing excess alkali.
Method A…CO3 gas is blown into the soap solution after saponification, and precipitated soap is filtered (sodium salt-methanol method described in the previous paper). Benzene extraction is performed on the resultant solution.
Method B…In order to make the soap not precipitated, benzene is added to the saponified solution treated as well by CO2 gas. Produced precipitate mainly consisting of Na2CO3 is filtered and benzene extraction is performed on the resultant solution.
It should be noted that when liver oils containing large amounts of glyceryl ether such as bathyl or selachyl alcohol are used for the starting oil, soap is transferred into benzene layer with glyceryl ether and such soap cannot be removed by our method (Table2). Manufacture of vitamin A concentrate from such liver oils needs further investigations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (346K) -
高度不飽和酸の榮養價及び毒性について(3)金田 尚志, 酒井 寿惠, 石井 清之助1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 658-663
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper* we have established that the genuine highly unsaturated fatty acids show nutritive effects upon the growth of rats, and that long-believed toxicity of highly unsaturated acids is not produced by the acids themselves but actually by formation of autoxidized matters. Moreover, it has been observed that the autoxidized liquid acids of linseed oil cause the same toxicity to the rats, and the toxic effect which is produced by peroxide structure under influence of atmospherio oxygen. When the peroxide was liberated from the autoxidized acids by potassium iodide, the acids became “not-toxic”.
From these results we assumed that the peroxide liberated products of autoxidized highly unsaturated acids might become as not-toxic as in case of liquid acids of linseed oil. In order to prove this assumption, the authors liberated the peroxide of autoxidized highly unsaturated acids by Lea's peroxide-determination method as reported previously. In consequence, just as we had expected, peroxide liberated highly unsaturated acids became “not-toxic”, and showed nutritive effects upon the growth of rats (Tables 1-2).
Other details obtained from the present assay may be summarized like this.
(1) As shown in Table 3, the lethal dose of peroxide to mice is 278 mg. total peroxide oxygen per Kg. (LD50).
(2) The peroxide was found from liver and meat oil of rats when the autoxidized unsaturated acids were fed, and if the fed fat contained many quantity of peroxide, the peroxide value would became higher than that of control oils (Table 4).
(3) The number of mitochondria separated from rats' liver is decreased when autoxidized fatty acids are added to the mitochondria solution in uitro (Fig. 1).
On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that the toxicity of peroxide contained in autoxidized unsaturated fatty acids was produced in the result of injuring the tissues of rats or by destruction of the enzymes in their bodies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1304K) -
金田 尚志, 酒井 壽惠, 石井 清之助1954 年 20 巻 7 号 p. 664-669
発行日: 1954/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSardine, mackerel, saury and similar kinds of fish are processed into salted and dried forms, a favorite item of Japanese diet. However, little attention has been paid to the nutritive value of protein or lipids which are contained in these products. While the nutritive value of proteins of the dried meat is not supposed to decrease in the result of processing or storage, the oils of dried fishes are rapidly autoxidized by the atmospheric oxygen.
Therefore, an attempt has been made to examine the nutritive value of oil of salted-dried fishes by animal feeding, from which the following has been found.
(1) As shown in Fig. 2, the oil extracted from salted-dried saury (Peroxide Value 65) indicated the toxic effects upon the growth of rats. However, the oil extracted from saury treated with butylated hydroxyanisol (B. H. A.) brought no retarding action to the rats.
(2) The oil of salted-dried herring (Peroxide Value 14) had the good effects on the animal regardless whether or not it was treated with B. H. A. (Table 4).
(3) The nutritive value of oil of dried mackerel (Peroxide Value 24) was slightly lower than that of B. H. A. treated oil (Table 5).
With these findings in mind, it has been concluded that the nutritive value of oils of salted-dried fishes is influenced by degree of autoxidation, and if the original oil shows a high iodine number, the nutritive value becomes lower. However, when the antioxidant is applied to the material fish, the nutritive value remains as good as that of the original oil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (924K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|