巻号一覧
63 巻 (1997)
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- 5 号 p. 665-
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63 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の29件中1～29を表示しています
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銭谷 弘, 木村 量1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 665-671
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStocks of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus have been recovering since 1990 along the Pacific coast of Japan. The annual egg production in the Pacific side of Japan increased from 710 trillion eggs in 1980 to 5721 trillion eggs in 1991. The late winter (February and March) egg production increased from 10 trillion eggs in 1980 to 359 trillion eggs in 1993. The areas of the spawning ground of Japanese anchovy in late winter increased from 76000km2 in 1980 to 220000km2 in 1991. The spawning grounds in late winter expanded from the waters on the continental shelf to the Kuroshio current. The increase in the late winter egg production and spawning ground was related to the increase in the winter adult population, which migrates from the northern waters of the Pacific side of Japan to the southern waters in late winter. The stock size (Y) was positively correlated with the egg production in February plus March (X1) or the area of spawning grounds in February plus March (X2): Y=0.94 X1+71.7 (r2=0.91, p<0.01); Y=15.5 X2+4.5 (r2=0.72, p<0.01). The rough stock size of anchovy can be estimated using these regression expressions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (583K) -
吾妻 行雄, 松山 恵二, 中多 章文, 川井 唯史, 西川 信良1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 672-680
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMarine algal succession on two coralline flats after removal of sea urchins was studied at Yaoi and Rokujo site in Suttsu Bay on the Japan Sea coast of Hokkaido from October 1990 to July 1993. Attaching diatoms, small annual algae such as Ulva pertusa and Polysiphonia morrowii, large annual algae such as Desmarestia viridis and Undaria pinnatifida, and small perennial algae such as Dictyopteris divaricata invaded to the coralline flats in order. They were followed by the large perennial alga Sargassum confusum which was a species endemic in the Japan Sea at Yaoi site. The small annual alga Ulva pertusa dominated in an early phase of algal succession, and its' dominance continued at Rokujo site due to the influences of an inflow of freshwater and sand from Shubuto River.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1396K) -
北田 修一1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 681-685
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis article examines statistical models to estimate the natural mortality rate, the sighting rate, and the dispersion parameter of released seeds from sighting survey data. Besides the multinomial and the log linear models already proposed, three additional models of a revised multinomial, a conditional binomial, and a weighted least squares type model are considered. The properties of these five models were examined by means of simulations. A total of 100 sets of simulated sighting data were generated, and point estimates were obtained by the five models for each data set, respectively. Mean values and SDs of the point estimates for the 100 simulations for the five models were then compared. The weighted least squares type model gave the best estimates among the five statistical models. Although the original log linear model underestimated the dispersion parameter, the model with a revised weight accurately estimated all parameters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (372K) -
北田 修一, 藤島 浩晃1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 686-693
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of scallop enhancement programs in Hokkaido. We analyzed the catch statistics from 1910 to 1993, and the number of seeds released from 1977 to 1993. The mean annual catch in weight in the last ten years (1984-1993) increased by 69 times in the Soya region, by 15 times in the Abashiri region, and by 6 times in the Nemuro region compared with that for the years before the commencement of stocking (1951-1973). Also, the coefficients of variation of annual catches by weight decreased considerably. The CVs between the years before stocking and the last ten years decreased from 1.41 to 0.38 in the Soya region, from 0.52 to 0.28 in the Abashiri region, and from 0.44 to 0.36 in the Nemuro region. We also analyzed the annuaI catch and seed release statistics by the local fishermen's associations. The recent increase in catches is supported by the seeds released and from increased reproduction from released seeds that have matured and added to the reproduction stock. The reproduction effect was markedly different between locations of the fishing grounds. As a whole, in Hokkaido the stock enhancement of scallop is economically successful, however, the yield for released seeds varies considerably among the fishermen's associations. Causes of the variation and release starategies were discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (609K) -
森田 純人, 松山 倫也, 柏木 正章1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 694-700
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeasonal gonadal develpment and changes in serum sex steroid hormone levels were investigated in female and secondary male bambooleaf wrasse, Pseudolabrus japonicus, from Ago Bay in Mie Prefecture from May to December 1991.
Seasonal changes of GSI and gonadal histology indicated that the gonadal maturation occurred during October and November. In females, serum 20β-S levels increased only during the spawning season (1, 560pg/ml), but 17, 20β-P showed high and constant levels (450-850pg/ml), suggesting that 20β-S may be involved in final oocyte maturation. The serum level of 11-KT in the secondary males showed a positive correlation with the testicular development; it peaked (2, 930pg/ml) in August when spermatogenesis actively proceeded, but decreased during the spawning season (960-1, 300pg/ml) when spermiation occurred. Serum 17, 20β-P in the secondary males fluctuated at low levels (160-420pg/ml) throughout the experimental period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1373K) -
平松 尚志, 原 彰彦1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 701-708
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーVitellogenin (Vg) was purified from white spotted-charr Salvelinus leucomaenis serum and biotinylated (b-Vg). The b-Vg was digested under mild acidic conditions by bovine cathepsin-D (BCD) or a water soluble fraction of charr eggs (WSF), Digests were analyzed by 5.0-22.5% gradient SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Westem blotting, and gel filtration on Superose 6. Westem blotting was done using: 1) streptavidin coupled to horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) to identify biotinylated products of b-Vg digestion, and 2) antisera against lipovitellin (a-Lv) or β-component (a-β') to immunologically relate digestion products to specific charr egg yolk proteins. With respect to antigenicity and apparent molecular weight, fragments resulting from digestion of b-Vg by WSF or BCD were almost indistinguishable from those found in charr egg yolk, except for phosvitin (Pv). Pv-related phosphorus in BCD digests eluted at a position corresponding to a molecular weight slightly greater than that of Pv in egg yolk. The present study is the first to demonstrate in vitro conversion of salmonid Vg to its related egg yolk proteins. The similar catalytic effect of WSF or BCD on in vitro generation of egg yolk proteins suggests that cathepsin-D, present in WSF or intact eggs, may play a key role in natural yolk formation in salmonids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3393K) -
大住 幸寛, 川合 正允, 天野 秀臣, 野田 宏行1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 709-714
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーScreening was undertaken to isolate bacteria producing a stable and strong porphyran-decomposing enzyme. By an aerobic screening method, 78 strains producing the enzyme were isolated from the soil of agar plants in Nagano Prefecture. Of these strains, strain S-22 produced a large quantity of extracellular porphyran-decomposing enzyme when grown in porphyran supplemented medium. The enzyme exhibited a high activity at a range of pH 5.5 to 6 and at 50°C, and showed a substrate specificity on porphyran, but no activity on k-carrageenan, dextran, or pectin. The enzyme produced neutral oligosaccharides of various sizes, which were indicated as spots of neoagarotetraose and neoagarobiose on TLC.
According to Bergey's Manual Systematic Bacteriology (1986), the strain S-22 was identified as the genus Arthrobacter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (992K) -
東海 正, 大本 茂之, 藤森 康澄, 兼廣 春之, 松田 皎1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 715-721
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA separator-trawl used for a mantis shrimp catch in Tokyo Bay has a separator panel and two codends; separator net-panel (100mm stretched mesh length) on part of the top of the first codend (62mm mesh length) which is covered with the second codend (33.6mm mesh length). The fishermen hoped mantis shrimp as a main target species would be caught in the second codend and be separated from starfishes retained in the first codend, because large amounts of starfishes cause difficulty in fishermen's hand-sorting on deck. Separation efficiencies of the trawl were obtained from the catch numbers in the two codends in a fishing experiment. Separation efficiency between species i and j is defined as γi+γj-1, where γi is the recovery ratio in the codend for i-species, that is, a proportion of the i-species catch number in the i-species codend. While the recovery ratio for starfish in the first codend was 0.96, that for mantis shrimp in the second codend was 0.66 which was not so high as expected. Thus, separation efficiency between mantis shrimp and starfish was 0.62. Although the separator net-panel has enough large mesh size for small animals, e.g. small crab Carcinoplax vestina, some species of low swimming ability failed to pass through the separator panel and were retained in the first codend. This implies that separation performance of the separator-trawl depends on the swimming ability of each species in the net as well as mesh selectivity of the separator net panel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (557K) -
稲田 善和, 筑紫 康博, 辻村 明夫, 谷口 順彦1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 722-727
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been generally estimated that useful quantitative characters may be fixed at the second generation of gynogenesis. Individual variations of agglutinating antibody production following an intraperitoneal injection with formalin-killed cells of Vibrio anguillarum serotype A were campared between gynogenetic (retaining 2nd polar body) and normal diploid. As a result, the range of the variation in gynogenetic fish was significantly wider than that of normal diploid. Gynogenetic and normal diploid fish resistant to the disease were selected by artificial infection. The next generations were produced by gynogenesis from survivors of the infected fish. Survival rate in a challenge test and rate of individuals showing high titer in the next generation of gynogenetic group were higher than those of normal diploid or non-selected control groups. In the 2nd generation of gynogenetic diploid selected by experimental infection, similar results were obtained. These results suggest that the fish resistant to vibriosis can be obtained at the 2nd generation of gynogenesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (520K) -
中田 久, 松山 倫也, 池田 義弘, 松浦 修平1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 728-733
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe developed an effective method for the induction of oocyte maturation and ovulation in the cultured tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes by hormonal treatments, in order to supply the fertilized eggs for seedling production. Ovarian biopsy just prior to the hormonal treatments revealed the oocyte diameter and developmental stages of the oocytes.
A luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRH-a) cholesterol pellet (400μg/kg) implantation successfully induced oocyte maturation for three-year-old cultured tiger puffer which had yolk accumulated ovaries. Thereafter, single injection of HCG (500IU/kg) combined with chum salmon pituitary (SP) homogenate (7mg/kg) was applied to the fish to synchronize ovulation among fish. Ovulation mainly occurred between 96 and 120 hours after HCG+SP injection. Thus, a technique for obtaining eggs of high quality from the cultured tiger puffer was developed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (469K) -
畑中 宏之1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 734-738
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to optimumize rearing conditions for seed production of the tiger puffer Takifugu rubripus, the influence of tank color, light intensity, and rearing density on the growth and the normality of caudal fin was examined. Juveniles (36.0mm in total length) were reared under six different conditions for 20 days.
Total length, body length, body weight, and the normality of caudal fin reared in a black tank, at low light intensity (1, 000Lx), or at low rearing density (300 individuals per m3) were higher than those of the fish reared in white tank, at high light intensity (4, 000Lx), or at high rearing density (600 individuals per m3), respectively. In addition, the best result was obtained when fish were reared under combined rearing conditions in a black tank, at low light intensity, and at low rearing density.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (416K) -
安永 廣作, 阿部 洋一, 山澤 正勝, 新井 健一1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 739-747
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーKamaboko gels were prepared with 0 ?? 5.0% bovine plasma powder, a food additive, by an ordi-nary manner through preheating at 25°C and 40°C of salt-ground meat from walleye pollack frozen surimi. The quality of kamaboko gel was assessed by measuring breaking strength, breaking strain and the progress of cross-linking of myosin heavy chains.
At 25°C, the gelling property was strengthened with plasma powder, that is, the increase in breaking strength and breaking strain were at a maximum when the addition of plasma powder was 5.0% and 1.0%. Simultaneously, the plasma powder in the salt-ground meat suppressed the decrease in myosin heavy chain and the increase in unidentified components, X1, while the cross-linked myosin heavy chains were accumulated with increasing amounts of plasma powder.
At 40°C, the plasma powder suppressed one-sided deterioration of the gelling property of the salt-ground meat. The breaking strength and breaking strain of kamaboko gel with plasma powder maintained the same level as those prepared without plasma powder and preheating. The plasma powder suppressed the rates of decrease in myosin heavy chain and increase in the X1 components. However, the cross-linked myosin heavy chains were hardly formed regardless of the presence and absence of plasma powder.
These results suggested that the enhancing effect of bovine plasma on the gelling property of salt-ground meat was attributable to strengthening of the interactions among myofibrillar proteins and plasma proteins through noncovalent type bonds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (654K) -
南部 正一, 木内 秀和, 大石 明美, 北島 徹, 金子 由公, 新井 健一1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 748-756
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCured meat blocks containing 0.40 ?? 0.70M NaCl, 0.38 ?? 1.02M sorbitol and 0.38 ?? 0.68M NaCl mixed with 0.35 ?? 0.85M sorbitol were dehydrated at 15°C with 60% relative humidity. The concentrations of NaCl and sorbitol together with the moisture content and water activity of the meat were investigated as a function of dehydration time. The results were as follows; (1) The NaC1 and sorbitol concentrations in the cured meat remained in the same proportion during the dehydration process. (2) There was a negative correlation between the NaCl (and sorbitol) concentration in the meat and the moisture content of the same meat during the dehydration. (3) From this correlation, the apparent rate of dewatering ability with NaCl was tentatively calculated. (4) There was a positive correlation between the dewatering ability with NaCl and the relative proportion of sorbitol and NaCl in the meat which remained in a definite value during the dehydration process. (5) In the copresence of 1.0M NaCl, 0.5-1.5M sorbitol improved the rates of dewatering together with lowering water activity of the meat when submitted to dehydration. The results are applicable for regulating the quality of dry-salted fish products.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (630K) -
大住 幸寛, 川合 正允, 天野 秀臣, 野田 宏行1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 757-764
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPorphyran-decomposing enzymes were purified from the culture fluid of Arthrobacter sp. S-22, by ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM-Sephadex C-50, DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Toyopearl HW-55F and Butyl-Toyopearl 650M column chromatography. Each of the purified two enzymes (enzyme I and II) showed a single band, with molecular weights of 28, 000 and 42, 000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Porphyran-decomposing enzyme I was stable at pH 6-8 and showed maximal activity at pH 6, 60°C. Porphyran-decomposing enzyme II was stable at pH 4.5-7.5 and showed maximal activity at pH 5, 50°C Both enzymes showed a substrate specificity on porphy-ran. Enzyme I produced tetraoligosaccharide from porphyran, and enzyme II produced dioligogosac-charide.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1138K) -
石崎 靖朗, 竹内 俊郎, 清水 健, 有元 操, 渡邉 武1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 765-772
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding experiment was conducted to examine the substitutability between dietary eicosapen-taenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Artemia on the vitality of larval yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The larval yellowtail (TL, 8.9mm) were fed Artemia containing different levels of EPA (2.3 ?? 5.5%) at the same levels of DHA (1.4%), or 5.2% of EPA without DHA for 16 days.
A positive relationship was found between larval vitality and EPA levels in Artemia with DHA. In terms of vitality, poor results were observed for larvae fed Artemia containing 5.2% of EPA alone. The vitality of larvae fed Artemia containing both EPA and DHA tended to be improved by increasing the EPA levels in Artemia. The vitality of larvae fed Artemia containing 2.3% of EPA with 1.4% of DHA was low, while it was improved when the EPA content in Artemia was increased to 4.0%. Moreover, it was also found that larval yellowtail could not convert dietary EPA to DHA.
These results have shown that the vitality of larval yellowtail could be improved by the combination of DHA with high levels of EPA in Artemia.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (630K) -
林 哲仁, 酒井 紀久子, 任 恵峰, 後藤 純雄, 遠藤 英明, 渡辺 悦生1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 773-779
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAlthough canned fish is a typical canneries processed food and a large amount of it is consumed, little research has been conducted on the relationship between foodstuffs and mutagens derived from over-heated fish muscle during the sterilization in the canning process. We prepared canned sardines on the basis of several different recipes to establish a safe manufacturing procedure. Mutagenic fractions were extracted with Blue rayon and their activity was determined by microsuspension assay. Production of mutagenic compounds was detected through the interaction of sugar and amino acids in a Miso (fermented soy bean paste) seasoning mixture with the components of fish muscle. The results of this study suggested the possibility of reducing the amount of mutagens by adjusting the amount of key ingredients in the recipe for Miso seasoning mixture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2886K) -
馬来 由理子, 田代 孝司, 菅野 宏明, 浜 光太郎, 五明 紀春1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 780-781
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (110K) -
梨本 勝昭, 竹内 正一, 藤石 昭生, 西ノ首 英一, 吉原 喜好1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 782-783
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (171K) -
根本 雅生1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 784-785
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (149K) -
岸野 洋久1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 786-787
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (175K) -
濱田 英嗣1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 788-789
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (184K) -
平石 智徳1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 790-791
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (136K) -
三谷 勇1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 792-793
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (164K) -
永井 達樹1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 794-795
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (169K) -
深田 耕一1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 796-797
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (175K) -
不破 茂1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 798-799
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (193K) -
東 幹夫, 近藤 寛, 西ノ首 英之1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 800-801
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (214K) -
榎 彰徳1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 802-803
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (164K) -
渡辺 洋1997 年 63 巻 5 号 p. 804-805
発行日: 1997/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (195K)
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