巻号一覧
61 巻 (1995)
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61 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の28件中1～28を表示しています
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姜 柱賛, 松田 治, 今村 憲史1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 821-826
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEffects of hypoxia and hydrogen sulfide on the survival of the prawn Macrobrachium nipponense, collected from Lake Kojima were studied in a continuous flow system. The survival rate of the prawn decreased at the hypoxia ( ?? 1.2mgO2/l). The combined exposure to hypoxia and hydrogen sulfide ( ?? 3.2mgO2/l+25μgS/l, 2.0mgO2/l+ ?? 10μgS/l) singnificantly affected the survival rate of the prawn. The survival rate lowered in combined exposure to hypoxia and hydrogen sulfide ( ?? 3.2mgO2/l+25μgS/l) than in single exposure to hypoxia ( ?? 3.2mgO2/l).
The results of the field survey in Lake Kojima revealed the depletion of oxygen (0-3mgO2/l) and the presence of hydrogen sulfide (20-10000μgS/l) in the bottom layer of a part of the lake.
The results of the present investigation lead us to concluded that these combined levels of hypoxia and hydrogen sulfide of the lake could markedly affect the distribution and population of the prawn by increased mortality.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
姜 柱賛, 松田 治, 今村 憲史1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 827-831
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAvoidance and behavior of prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense in oxygen deficient water (≤3.2 mg/l) and oxygen deficient water (2.0mg/l and 3.2mg/l) with two different levels of hydrogen sulfide (5μgS/l and 25μgS/l) were measured under laboratory conditions. Avoidance of the prawn by walking or swimming was observed only for the water containing≤1.2mg/l of dissolved oxygen and oxygen deficient water with hydrogen sulfide (2.0mgO2/l+≥5μgS/l, 3.2mgO2/l+25μgS/l). Other behavioral responses of the prawn included an initial increase in the general level of activity, rapid eyestalk movements, flexing of their antennal scales, and abdominal flexures. From these results, it could be concluded that the distribution of prawn in natural habitat was significantly affect-ed by the oxygen depletion with hydrogen sulfide.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1236K) -
川口 和宏, 久納 洋一, 田北 徹1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 832-837
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the egg and larval distribution of the threeline grunt, Parapristipoma trilineatum, a larva net (130cm diameter, 6m long and 0.3mm mesh) was towed obliquely at 22 stations in the northern waters of Goto-nada in June and July, 1990. The diameter of spherical eggs having an oil globule and a narrow perivitelline space was measured. Out of a group of eggs having a mode at 0.82mm, the mean egg diameter of this species in the frequency distribution, the eggs having the oil globule at the rear end of the segmented yolk were identified as P. trilineatum. Eggs, ranging in number density from 0 to 3, 535 (1, 137 average) per 1, 000m3, were collected in June, which is the middle of the spawning season, and from 86 to 1, 216 (476) in July, indicating the distribution of P. trilineatum eggs around the spawning ground. Larvae, ranging in number density from 0 to 74 (17 average) per 1, 000m3, and 0 to 126 (22) were collected in June and July, respectively. The most developed larvae occurred in the southerly area. Larvae at the same developmental stages were larger in June than in July.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
和田 洋藏, 西岡 純, 田中 雅幸1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 838-842
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom diving observations and spawning examination using artificial substrata settled on the sea bed at 5-50m depths in the sea off Kyoto prefecture, the spawning season and spawning grounds of the oval squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana were studied from April to July, 1991. With a rise in water temperature above 16°C in coastal waters, mature females migrated to the inshore spawning grounds in the middle of May to lay their eggs. The depth of spawnÌng gradually descended during the spawning period to the 30-40m depth range in the middle of June.
Samples of mature males and females were collected off Kyoto prefecture using set nets from May to July, 1991. All investigated females, including those without spermatophores embedded in the buccal membrane, had sperm in their seminal receptacles. The average number of spermatophores of males decreased during the spawning period. Judging from the maximum number of spermatophores of a male that embedded in the buccal membrane of a female, males may copulate repeatedly about 10 times during the spawning period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1159K) -
岡 弘康, 平岡 芳信, 菅 忠明1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 843-846
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA dried anchovy was prepared in the same method of the previous report except salting, and salting was carried out with two different methods, brine salting and dry salting. In the process, the changes in the peroxide value and the amounts of ecosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in lipid of muscle of anchovy were analyzed. Consequently, both the increase of peroxide value and the decrease of the amounts of EPA and DHA in brine salting method were lower than these in the dry salting method. Decrease of EPA and DHA in anchovy during frying under reduced pressure was smaller than those during salting and drying process under enforced ventilation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
朴 容石, 飯田 浩二, 梨本 勝昭1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 847-853
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUsing a cardiac conditioning technique, auditory thresholds in walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma were determined in the presence of masking noise. Signal frequencies of 60, 120, 200, 300, 400, and 500Hz were used. Unfiltered random white noise was introduced as constant background noise. Thresholds ranged from 17 to 66dB above the noise spectrum level in the region of the signal frequency. At the most sensitive frequency (the 60Hz signal), critical ratio (signal/noise ratio) was 17dB, and tends to be larger along with higher frequencies that start lowering the audible sense. It was possible to detect signals in the frequency range of 60 to 500Hz in the presence of background noise. These findings are similar to results from the previous study conducted on cod with similar hearing ability and critical ratios.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (509K) -
芹澤 如比古, 大野 正夫1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 854-859
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA total of 18 artificial reefs (3 tons each of concrete trapezoid blocks) were placed in Ecklonia and Sargassum community on the gravelly patch about 7m in depth on the coast of Tosa Bay.
The quantitative survey of seaweed community was carried out on the artificial reefs for 3 years. Colpomenia sinuosa dominated 1 month after their placement, but disappeared 3 months later. A total number of 19 species including Sargassum siliquastrum and S. micracanthum, Ecklonia cava and Corallina spp. were identified after 11 months and then the number of species was stabilized. The average of seaweed biomass was about 4, 000g wet weight m-2 from 17 months to 28 months and then about 7, 000g wet weight m-2 until 36 months on the blocks.
The dominant species through the succession changed from Colpomenia sinuosa into Ecklonia cava as follows: Colpomenia sinuosa→Zonaria diesingiana→Sargassum spp.→Ecklonia cava. It took one and half years for this community on the artificial reefs to achieve the climax phase, which were well comparable to the neighboring area.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1325K) -
竹下 直彦, 木村 清朗1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 860-867
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe yearlings of a cyprinid fish Hemibarbus barbus of the Chikugo River, Kyushu, Japan, mi-grate down to the lower reaches and further to the freshwater area of tidal reaches within a year after hatching. After staying there for 3-4 years, mature fish run up to the middle reaches for spawning in spring. In order to elucidate the feeding habit of H. barbus, we examined the gut contents of 822 specimens collected during 1986 and 1987.
The yearling 10-20mm in standard length (SL) fed on zoo-plankton (rotifers, cladocerans, copepods), and that of 20-40mm SL fed on mainly copepods in the lower reaches. Depending on their growth, they gradually changed feeding items from zoo-plankton to benthic animals such as chironomid larvae. Then, the yearling over 50mm SL having pharyngeal bones which formed the same shape as those of adult fish began to crush and feed on corbiculids and ephemerid larvae. After migrating down to the tidal reaches, they also fed on benthic animals (chironomid larvae, corbiculids, polychaetes). Elvers of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica and the young mitten crab Eriocheir japonicus occurred in the guts of 2-year-old and older fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (664K) -
藤森 康澄, 東海 正, 梁 振林, 松田 皎1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 868-873
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes the capturing process of gillnets as a numerical network model. This model mainly consists of three processes: fish activity process such as periodic activity to light intensity, etc.; encountering process of fish to net; and net-entangling process e.g. mech selectivity. The parameters of the equations in the model were estimated from the data obtained through experiments conducted in an outdoor tank from dawn to night for rainbow trout Oncorhyncus mykiss. Changes of catch number were computed by the Monte-Carlo simulation of this model. The catch number in the simulation after sunset, which corresponded with that in the fishing experiment in the outdoor tank. It is therefore supposed that the model is applicable to the gillnet capturing process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (398K) -
戸嶋 孝, 桑原 昭彦, 藤田 眞吾1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 874-879
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe possibility of group separation for red sea bream Pagrus major was demonstrated, based upon the first ring radius observed on the scales of the 1 st-age fish collected from 6 areas in the Sea of Japan. The radius showed various sizes and the size compositions by area could be separated into three groups such as north area (off Aomori, Akita and Ishikawa Pref.), central area (off Kyoto and Shimane Pref.) and south area (off Nagasaki Pref.). The average radius and standard deviation estimated were 2.68±0.28mm, 3.66±0.31mm, and 4.44±0.33mm. As it was found that a significant relationship between the scale radius (R in mm) and fork length (FL in mm) of the 1 st-age fish was FL=29.862R+18.742 (P<0.01, t-test), FL differences between the south and the north areas were estimated at 52mm, that is, the radius in the south area was larger than the north area. The appearance of this considerable variations in the scale size was suggested to be mainly due to differing growth conditions during the fish larval and post-larval periods in each area of the Tsushima Warm Current.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1075K) -
松岡 達郎, 杜 勝久, 斉藤 良仁1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 880-888
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA method to assess size-selectivity of gillnets on the basis of variation of fish body forms was considered. Size-selectivity of a gillnet was defined as the probability both if a girth at anterior (around operculum) section of fish does not exceed a mesh perimetre and if the girth at the maximum body section exceeds it. In the present method, the probability distribution at each section against fish lengths were calculated according to normal distributions of the girth approximated with its means and standard deviations linearly correlated with lengths. Size-selectivity was derived from multiplication of the respective probability distributions. A series of tank experiments were conducted to obtain cartch ratios by tested gillnets for various sizes of tilapia, carp and rainbow trout. Selectivity curves of the tested gillnets for the species were calculated on measurements of body forms of the tested fish individuals, which were compared to the catch ratios. Regarding the wedged capture, the calculated selectivity curves were well supported by the catch ratios. It was concluded that the present method assesses e%-selectivity lengths of gillnets with errors less than 4% for species and size ranges caught by mainly the wedging function of gillnets.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (649K) -
水越 貞範, 加藤 文法, 松岡 宏芳, 中村 恭子, 野田 宏行1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 889-894
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWater extracts of marine algae with in vitro immunosppressive activity were investigated for in vivo activity using murine models of collagen-induced arthritis and skin transplantation. Eleven (3 brown and 8 red algae) of them had suppressive activity on the collagen-induced mouse arthritis model. Of these algae, Eisenia bicyclis, Sargassum sagamianum, Amphiroa aberrans, and Gracilaria verrucosa, in particular, showed high activity. On the other hand, treatment with extracts from Codium fragile, Codium intricatum, Codium divaricatum, and Liagora sp. prolonged the allograft survival time on the murine skin rejection model. One of these algal extracts, those from Liagora sp., markedly prolonged the allograft survival time. These results suggest that bioactive compounds with im-munosuppressive activity may be contained in these algae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (433K) -
山田 久, 高柳 和史1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 895-904
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーApplicability of the following marine fish species (Sillago japonica, Rudarius ercodes, and Pagrus major) in habitating the Japanese coastal waters as an experimental animal on the bioconcentration of hazardous chemicals has been examined by comparing the bioconcentration of TBTO, TPTC, TBP, HCB, α-HCH, and Co in these fish.
These species of fish bioconcentrated these chemicals differently depending on the uptake and elimination rates. The bioconcentration factors of the chemicals in S. japonica were similar to those in P. major. The bioconcentration factors in R. ercodes were slightly different from those in S. japonica and P. major. A large amount of Co was bioconcentrated in R. ercodes. On the other hand, organic chemicals such as TBTO, TPTC, and TBP were not significantly bioconcentrated in R. ercodes. Our results based on the characteristics of bioconcentration suggest that S. japonica and P. major were suitable for the experimental species of fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (741K) -
山田 久, 立石 晶浩, 池田 久美子1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 905-911
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperiments on bioconcentration and elimination of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) were carried out by using six sizes of Sillago japonica ranging from 0.59 to 10.45g, five sizes of Pagrus major ranging from 1.25 to 9.87g and two sizes (0.16 and 0.34g) of Rudarius ercodes. Changes of bioconcentration factor (BCF), uptake rate constant (k1) and elimination rate constant (k2) caused by an increase in body weight of these fish species were studied.
k2 declined with an increase in body weight of three fish species. On the other hand, BCF, which is expressed as k1/k2, did not change with an increase in body weight of these fish. These results suggested that k1 as well as k2 depends on the size of fish and declines with an increase in body weight, and also suggested that the size of fish is not an important factor in the determination of BCF.
The present study indicated that a suitable body weight of test fish for the bioconcentration experiment is 2-5g for S. japonica and 2-10g for P. major, and that the size of test fish should be selected exactly in experiments on the kinetics of uptake and elimination of hazardous chemicals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (482K) -
吉松 隆夫, 林 雅弘, 戸田 享次, 古市 政幸, 北島 力1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 912-918
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding experiment for redlip mullet larvae (4.58±0.25mm TL) on the EFA requirement was conducted by using rotifers enriched with ethyl esters of four kinds of fatty acids: linoleic acid, LA; linolenic acid, LNA; eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA; docosahexaenoic acid, DHA. Larvae receiving rotifers enriched with LA and LNA showed typical symptoms of EFA deficiency syndromes, and ob-tained poor growth and high mortality. On the other hand, the larvae receiving rotifers enriched with EPA and/or DHA showed better growth, activity, and survival rates. These results suggested that the redlip mullet larvae required n-3HUFA like EPA and DHA as their essential fatty acids. Also, the supplemental effect of unicellular alga Nannochloropsis sp. to rearing water was investigated from the view point of EFA requirement. The n-3HUFA content in rotifer cultured with Nannochloropsis decreased linearly after they transferred into sea water. However, when 40-50×104 cells/ml of Nannochloropsis was introduced to a rearing tank, the n-3HUFA content in rotifer remaíned without decreasing for 6 hours. The larvae reared in the tank with Nannochloropsis supple-ment showed better growth than those of non- or fewer-supplement groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (538K) -
示野 貞夫, 金高 佳夫, Toni Ruchimat, 宇川 正治1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 919-926
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe nutritive value of several soy proteins was evaluated for fingerling yellowtail Seriola quin-queradiata on the basis of chemical analysis and feeding experiments with moist pellet diets contain-ing 30% of each protein source. Trypsin inhibitor (TI) activity and antigen concentration tended to decrease with heating a raw soybean meal (SBM) and with extruding heated SBM. The protein content increased and the sugar content together with TI activity decreased with the purification and en-zymatic hydrolysis of SBM. However, the amino acid composition hardly changed with these treat-ments.
Dietary supplementation of raw SBM caused a weight loss in the fish with quite poor hematologi-cal characteristics, while that of heated SBM improved the growth and feed conversion, but it is in-ferior to a control group fed a diet without soy protein. Dietary supplementation of soy protein con-centrate, soy protein separate or soy protein peptide showed a similarly better growth performance and was comparable to the control group. These results indicate that the nutritive value of soy protein is markedly improved by purification together with heating. It is also suggested that the heating treatment is essential and alcohol purification is sufficient to use SBM for the fish feed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (592K) -
藤原 正夢1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 927-928
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (678K) -
吉田 陽一, 清水 誠, 河合 章, 石田 祐三郎1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 929
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (76K) -
高村 典子, 野崎 久義, 木幡 邦男, 渡邊 信1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 930-931
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (160K) -
一瀬 諭, 田中 勝美, 園 正, 若林 徹哉, 山中 直, 金田 恵美子, 矢田 稔, 内藤 幹滋, 川部 浩市, 青木 佳代, 佐貫 典 ...1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 932-933
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (147K) -
吉田 陽一, 中原 紘之1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 934-935
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (167K) -
中原 紘之, 武田 和也, 西村 和雄1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 936-937
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (161K) -
前田 広人1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 938-939
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (136K) -
楠田 理一1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 940-941
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (151K) -
里井 晋一1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 942-943
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (115K) -
江口 充, 宮本 信一, 河合 章1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 944-945
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (174K) -
彼谷 邦光1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 946-947
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (95K) -
鈴木 聡, 楠田 理一1995 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 948-949
発行日: 1995/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (148K)
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