巻号一覧
34 巻, 7 号
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ニッコウイワナの膵臓ランゲルハンス氏島本間 義治, 田村 栄光1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 555-561
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy using several repeated combinations of stainings, the pancreatic islet tissue of one of the Japanese char, the Nikkô-iwana, Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius, from mountain tributaries was investigated to elucidate its cellular elements and seasonal changes. A-cells stained strongly with acidic dyes, B-cells with aldehyde fuchsin (or thionin) and iron hematoxylin, and D-cells with basophilic dyes and silver granules were consitently demonstrated. In addition, another type of the argyrophil cells is seen: their cytoplasmic granules show the staining affinities with both those of D-and B-cells. These two kinds of cells in question seem to be identical with amphiphil cells of EPPLE. In spite of careful and repeated examination, there are no clearcut seasonal changes in the ratio of cellular elements in a single islet. On the other hand, a pronounced increase in the number of small islets following the bredding season of the fish is detected. Corelation between the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the islet tissue and spawning behavior of the fish is intimated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (610K) -
畑中 寛1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 562-569
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the present paper, age and growth of yellowfin sole, Limanda aspera (PALLAS), in the Southeastern Bering Sea are estimated with otoliths taken from 978 specimens sampled during the period 1965 to 1966 (Table 1, Fig. 1). The otolith of eyed side is considered to be better for this purpose than that of blind side (Plate). Marginal increments by month (Fig. 3) indicate that an opaque zone on otolith start to form in spring, that is, the translucent zone (so-called ring) is formed once a year during winter months. Growth of otolith (Table 2) appears to be variable by year class, but analysis of variance, using growth index (Table 4), indicates that their annual increments depend, not on the year class characteristics, but mostly on the prevailing environmental conditions for the year (Fig. 7). The relationships between the fork length and the otolith radius (Fig. 4), and the average growth curves in fork length (Table 3, Fig. 6) are estimated by sex as follows;
?? R=0.239FL0.9154
?? R=0.274FL0.8890
?? FLi=400.03(1-e-0.1118(i_0.5212))
?? FLi=438.76(1-e-0.1004(i_0.5591))抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (517K) -
サルフア剤による処理法金沢 昭夫1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 570-575
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe bacteriostatic effect of four sulfa drugs (sulfamerazine, sulfisomidine, sulfisoxazole and homosulfamin) on the axenic culture of multicellular algea, Ulva pertusa and Porphyra tenera was tested.
The summary of the method by which the axenic culture of algae can be obtained is as follows.
The algae was washed for ten minutes with a mixture consisting of each 200ppm of the four sulfa drugs, and cultivated in the culture medium containing each 50ppm of the four sulfa drugs, and then the culture medium was replaced in every two or three days.
By treating with this method, almost no harmful effect could be seen on the growth of algae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
サバはいから釣魚業における魚群探知機の効果小倉 通男1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 576-580
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is naturally supposed to increase the fishing ability of mackerel vertical long line fishing by using fish finders, because more subtly observation by the fish finders is expected on the swimming layer of the fish in the deeper water compared with random samplings by a series of long line gears in various length, used n perior to this.
To make sure of this supposition, mackerel vertical long line boats based on two fishing harbours of Kawazu and Togawa, Chiba Prefecture, were investigated by analysis of data of the catch per day.
The results obtained are as follows: In Kawazu harbour fish finders were equipped on four boats among eleven during 1957 to 1959 and the groups with fish finders increased its fishing ability about 21 per cent compared with the group without fish finder. In Togawa harbour, however, no difference of the fishing ability was found between the both groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (335K) -
サバ天秤釣魚船の漁具・魚種の変化に伴う漁獲性能の変動小倉 通男1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 581-585
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe mackerel small Tenbin angling (balance line angling) boats based on Katsuyama harbour in Chiba Prefecture are operating in Tokyo Bay through a whole year, changing season to season gear and kinds of fish to be caught as follows, mackerel pole and line fishing, squid angling miscellaneous angling (line fishing for sea bream, troll fishing for yellowtail, vertical long line for blue fishes and etc.).
In this study, whether the fishing ability of the boats will be fluctuated or not by the change of gear and fish were investigated on selected twenty boats operating over 100 days a year from the ones based on Katsuyama.
In three kinds of the fisheries, mackerel Tenbin angling, mackerel pole and line fishing and squid angling, the correspondent degree of good or worse catch in any combination of two kind of the fisheries was high, especially remarkable between the Tenbin angling and the pole and line fishing for mackerel, due to, perhaps, the reason that the fishermen well know the behaviour of the fish. In miscellaneous angling, however, such relation was not found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
夏季における海況の年変動について前田 辰昭, 藤井 武治, 増田 紀義1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 586-593
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the first paper, the authors discussed the changes in the bottom temperature and movements of yellow-fin sole, Limanda aspera (PALLAS), in the eastern Bering Sea, 1960. In the next paper, they compared the oceanographical conditions in 1963 with 1960, and reported on the distributions of yellow-fin sole and alaska pollack, Theragra chalcogramma (PALLAS), in 1963.
The authors investigated oceanographical conditions on the continental shelf of the eastern Bering Sea in the summer every year from 1955 to 1967 with the exception of 1957, and examined the distribution and annual fluctuation of the bottom temperature and salinity during the past twelve years.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. In every year, the central portion of the cold water mass on the sea bottom was in the area south west of St. Lawrence Island, and extended from this area in the shape of a tongue along both sides of St. Matthew Island and the north side of St. Paul Island to Bristol Bay.
2. The low salinity water mass was along the coastal area of Alaska. The high salinity water mass reached from the edge of the continental shelf across the western Bering Sea to the Bering Strait.
3. The years of high water temperature coincided with the years of high salinity, and years of low water temperature and salinity also coincided.
4. Fluctuation of bottom water temperature and salinity seemed to depend on the cooling in winter and the strength of open sea water. The fluctuations were in 2 year cycles and 3-5 year cycles. A long term trends can also be seen. The temperature and salinity dropped during 1955 to 1959, followed by a steady increase from 1960 to 1967.
5. Annual fluctuation of oceanographical conditions has an influence on the distribution and migration of fish shoals. Alaska cod, Gadus macrocephalus TILESIUS, and alaska pollack stayed around the continental shelf edge in years of low temperature and salinity, and they migrated as far as the area south west of St. Lawrence Island in years of high temperature and salinity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (581K) -
松田 皎, 川上 太左英1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 594-598
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (209K) -
自然死亡と加入篠田 正俊1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 599-603
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (211K) -
空腹状態と飽食量との関係石渡 直典1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 604-607
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been found1, 2) that a relatively constant value for the satiation amount can be obtained with a well acclimatized school of fish. In the present investigation, the effect of the time of food deprivation on the satiation amount, the digestion of food in the stomach, and the relationship between the digestion of food in the stomach and the satiation amount, are examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
The satiation amount of a school of fish depends on the degree of hunger. As the time of food deprivation increases, the satiation amount first increases and then levels off to a constant value (Fig. 1). Further, when the time of food deprivation is extremely long, about 10 days, the satiation amount does not exceed the constant value but the amount rather decreases (Fig. 2).
At the beginning of satiation the amount of food in the stomach sharply decreases. This rate of decrease levels off in later stages and a considerable time elapses before the stomach is completely empty (Fig. 1 and Table 3).
If undigested food remains in the stomach, the state cannot be referred to as being complete hunger. Until the food in the stomach is completely digested, the satiation amount varies inversely with the amount of undigested food in the stomach. The satiation amount reaches its peak value as the stomach contents approach zero. Since the capacity of the stomach is limited, the satiation amount after reaching its maximum at the state of complete hunger maintains this maximum value even when the time of food deprivation is further extended for a short period of time (Fig. 1).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (251K) -
凍結速度の影響尾藤 方通1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 608-612
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of freezing rate of tuna meat on its discoloration during storage was examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
In the first experiment, meat blocks (3×3×3cm) were cooled to -10°C at the innermost portion either slowly in still air at -10°C or rapidly in alcohol containing dry-ice, and stored for one month at -10°C. The rate of discoloration during the storage was slightly slower with the rapidly frozen meat than with the slowly frozen (Fig. 1).
In the second experiment, meat blocks (3×3×3cm) cooled either to -5°C in still air at -3 ?? -7°C or to -20°C in alcohol containing dry-ice, were stored for 60 days at both -20°C and -33°C (Fig. 2). At -20°C, the rate of discoloration was about the same at the surface between the slowly and rapidly frozen samples, while not at the deep portion: The rate was clearly slower with the rapidly frozen meat than with the slowly frozen meat in the early phase of storage. This difference, however, gradually disappeared. A similar tendency with the deep portion was noted again at -33°C, all over the period of storage this time.
From those results, it may be concluded that the freezing rate is to some degree important for retaining the red color of frozen tuna meat, especially in a short time storage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (326K) -
篠野 雄一, 吉原 卓, 大木 鋭江1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 613-617
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA chemical method for the determination of available lysine in protein based on the reactivity of dinitrofluorobenzen (FDNB) with free ε-amino group of lysine has been reported by CARPENTER.
RAO et al. and NIELSEN et al. used the CARPENTER hydrolysis technique followed by ion-exchange chromatography to measure the available lysine directly.
In this paper, the amount of available lysine was measured from the determination of total lysine and residual one of FDNB treatment by using an amino acid analyzer. The technique is seen to be convenient, and it gave more satisfactory results as compared with that obtained by the method of CARPENTER.
The direct determination of ε-DNP-lysine by using amino acid analyzer was also described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (288K) -
橋本 芳郎, 伏谷 伸宏1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 618-626
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA fat-soluble toxin was found in the muscle of an amberjack, Seriola aureovittata, which had caused the human illness at Katsuura on May 10, 1967. The symptoms in both human beings and test animals showed a close similarity to those of ciguatera, but slight differences were also observed. The toxic fish were found in a high frequency among the amberjack caught at the fishing ground called “Mashone” and the larger fish seems to be more toxic.
As test animals, cats and mice were used and the partial purification of the toxin was carried out by chromatography using silicic acid, DEAE-cellulose, and Sephadex LH-20. The toxin showed a resemblance to ciguatoxin(s) isolated from Gymnothorax javanicus or Lutjanus bohar in the chromatographic behaviors. The most purified toxin was lethal to mice at a level of 20 r/g.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (853K) -
イタヤガイのカロチノイド色素清水 トシ, 小田 愛1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 627-632
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarotenoid were studied on the ligament, mantle, overy, female viscera, spermary and male viscera of three samples of pecten, (Notvola), Laqueatus sowerby, in the same way as the authors adopted for previous papers. As shown in the Tables 2 and 3, nine different carotenoids including lutein, β-carotene were separated.
Lutein, and β-carotene were identified, and zeaxanthin like and taraxanthin like carotenoids were observed. Zeaxanthin like carotenoid were found larger amount than lutein andβ-carotene.
Mantle contained more various kind of carotenoids in larger amount than other anatomical parts did.
Overy and spermary contained carotenoids in amounts in some cases, but almost lacked in others.
Viscera did not contain any carotenoid except a chromogen having absorption maxima around 410-415mμ in petroleum ether.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K) -
魚皮カロチノイドの褪色に関与する酵素について佃 信夫, 天野 慶之1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 633-639
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. Discoloration action of red fish skin homogenates becomes inactive due to degradation of freshness of these fishes. For example, gurnard, Cheliddonichthys kumu, showed a remarkable decrease in the discoloring action of the skins with the progress of deterioration and no more activity was observed in spoiled tissues.
2. Although the defatted skins of some red fish showed no activity, an addition of a small quantity of methyl ester of unsaturated fatty acid like methyl linoleate restored almost completely of their activity. By this finding, in addition to the fact of heat inactivation, the authors conclude that lipoxidase occurs in the skin tissues of red fishes which may participate discoloration of carotenoid pigments together with physical and chemical discoloration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (399K) -
鹿山 光, 土屋 靖彦1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 640-645
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFollowing the intraperitoneal injection of acetate-1-14C into the leopard shark, Triakis scyllia, the glyceryl ethers of the liver oil were separated in pure state from the unsaponifiable materials by silicic acid chromatography. The resulting glyceryl ethers were fractionated to the soluble and insoluble fractions in acetone by low temperature crystallization, and those were oxidized and hydriodolyzed to determine the distribution of activity in the compounds. The percentage distribution calculated as selachyl alcohol indicates that its long chain alkyl moiety with a little higher activity in the side of ether linkage from the double bond was totally synthesized from acetate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (342K) -
鹿山 光1968 年 34 巻 7 号 p. 646-650
発行日: 1968/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe so-called “Kuroko-zame” which is caught off the coast of Sanriku consists at least of the two species, Nagahera-zame in Japanese, Apristurus macrorhynchus, and Kasumi-zame in Japanese, Centroscyllium ritteri. The shark liver oils were extracted from the two kinds of sharks which were biologically measured, and their properties and lipid class composition were compared.
1) Even from the specific gravity (d_??_) and the refractive index (n_??_) the two liver oils were characterized each other. The latter one (0.8845) was lighter than the former (0.9096) in the specific gravity, and the former (1.4703) was slightly smaller than the latter (1.4778) in the refractive index.
2) There was found great individual difference among the specimen used, however, the former liver oils contained a little unsaponifiable materials (less than 13%) and the latter reached to over 50%. The content of the hydrocarbons which consisted of squalene as the major component and pristane as minor was up to 3% in the former liver oils and less than 42% in the latter.
3) As to the lipid class composition of the unsaponifiable materials, the former one contains a large amounts of the glyceryl ethers with the hydrocarbons and relatively high content of cholesterol, whereas the latter consists of the hydrocarbons as the major component with the glyceryl ethers and a little cholesteol.
4) The glyceryl ether and fatty acid composition showed rather similar patterns.
These results except the article 4 recommend the discriminating treatment between the Apristurus and Centroscyllium liver oils without identifying them as a “Kuroko-zame” liver oil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (519K)
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