巻号一覧
40 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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青木 宙1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 247-254
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMultiple drug resistant gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the intestinal tracts of cultured carps and also from the water of five carp-ponds at Shioda Town in Nagano Prefecture, during the period from May to October, 1970. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas liquefaciens, Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrio. Transferable R factors were detected in 189 of 425 strains of A. liquefaciens and 2 of 25 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. These R factors were classified into fi- type and most of them (91.6%) were resistant to both sulfonamides (SA) and tetracycline (TC).
During the sampling period, there were epidemics of bacterial infection of carp in 3 of the 5 ponds investigated and sulfonamides were used for treatment. Probably due to this treatment, a marked increase in SA-resistant (grown on nutrient agar containing 500μg/ml of SA) and TC-resistant (grown on nutrient agar containing 25μg/ml of TC) bacteria carrying R factors in the intestinal tracts of carp was recognized.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (488K) -
Ｓ．Ｄ．Ｄ． ジャヤシンハ, 川上 太左英1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 255-260
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe spawning season of the deep sea smelt of Japan Sea was found to be very long, extending to several months. Hence it is believed that two or more races could be spawning one after the other. On the basis of otolith patterns this fish population could be separated into two major groups. The developmental pattern of the otolith of the deep sea smelt has been shown in a model else where. Linear discriminant function analysis of seven meristic characters showed a distinct variation between the groups. Tests showed that the yearly variation of the meristic characters were not significant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
PCB経口投与によるコイの血清脂質量の変化ならびに組織の脂質過酸化物について伊東 保之, 村田 敏郎1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 261-265
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in the levels of several serum lipid components and the formation of lipid peroxides in hepatopancreas, kidney and the dark muscle of carp, Cyprinus carpio, fed with a diet containing PCB (Aroclor 1248) at 250ppm were examined. After feeding with the PCB-containing diets for 7, 14 or 21 days, the carps were sacrificed for chemical analyses.
Triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol and free fatty acid contents were increased, while the ester to total cholesterol ratio was decreased in the PCB fed group. Especially, the triglyceride levels in carps fed with PCB showed substantial increases, more than 30%, compared with those of the control fishes.
The thiobarbituric acid reactive compounds were shown to increase in the hepatopancreas and the dark muscle with the administered dosage of PCB. In the difference spectrum of hepatopancreal lipid, the diene conjugation absorption appeared after feeding for 14 days.
Furthermore, the lipid metabolism in carp fed with the diet containing PCB is discussed, indicating the possibility of lipid peroxide formation in subcellular membranes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (329K) -
志水 寛, 西岡 不二男1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 267-270
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHeat coagulation in mixed solutions (μ0.6, pH6.8) of actomyosin (AM) and sarcoplasmic extract at various mixing ratios was investigated in 6 fish species, and the contents of sarcoplasmic proteins (SP), coagulable SP (C-SP) and AM in muscle were determined in 8 species of fish. The range of the AM/SP ratio, in which protein coagulation takes place in the mixed systems at 90°C, varied with species; for migratory fish (chub mackerel, horse mackerel) the range extended to a higher ratio of 6:4, but for bottom fish (grub fish) or fresh water fish (crucian carp, carp) it was less than 4:6. Such a species variation in the heat coagulability of the mixed systems must be due to varied contents of the C-SP. The SP as well as the C-SP contents in muscle varied widely among species, increasing with the swimming activity of the fish, while no remarkable variation was observed in the AM content. The AM/C-SP ratios of the fish increased in the following order: chub mackerel, barracuda, round herring, horse mackerel, lizard fish, carp, crucian carp and grub fish. The variations in these ratios seemed to be closely related to the gel-forming capacities of the respective fish meats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (238K) -
志水 寛, 四方 純, 藤岡 怜1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 271-274
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe insolubilization of fish myofibril (Mf) during frozen storage at -20° or -30°C was investigated with 3 systems, Mf-muscle press juice, Mf- supernatant of heated press juice, and Mf- isotonic NaCI solution. The freeze insolubilization of Mf was retarded by both whole muscle juice and the supernatant of the heated juice. The retarding effect of press juice, however, varied widely among species of fish, while that of the supernatant of heated juice showed little variation. The fish used, in decreasing order of effect, were: red branchiostegus fish, crucian carp, spotted shark, horse mackerel and chub mackerel. The species difference was found to be mainly due to species specific effects of the heat coagulable fraction of muscle press juice. This fraction of branchiostegus fish prevented insolubilization of Mf, while that of chub mackerel or lizard fish not only accelerated the insolubilization but decreased the protective effects of sucrose on Mf during frozen storage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
森井 秀昭1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 275-283
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe fatty Acid (FA) composition of microorganisms isolated from the stomachs of marine little toothed whales was studied by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) in order to ascertain the origin of higher branched-chain FAs (iso and anteiso) in the depot fats of the animals. Cultivation was done on GPY-agar medium (glucose 1.0%, peptone 2.0%, yeast extract 0.1%, NaCl 2.5% [only for Vibrio sp.], agar 2.0%, pH 7.0) and PY-agar medium (glucose was excluded from GPY-agar medium) for 3 days at 30°C. Experiments on PY-agar medium were done with strains V1 and V2 of Vibrio group I only. The results obtained are as follows:
1) The FA composition of Vibrio sp. (10 strains) incubated on GPY-agar medium consisted mostly of straight-chain FAs with few iso FAs. However, vibrio sp. incubated on PY-agar medium showed a remarkably high level of iso FAs. Anteiso FAs were scarcely recognized in Vibrio sp. incubated on either medium.
2) The FA composition of Staphylococcus sp. (two strains) and Corynebacterium sp. (one strain) was characterized by a large percentage of iso and anteiso FAs of C 15 and C 17. Some unsaturated FAs, iso and anteiso, of C 16 and C 17 were also recognized.
3) A considerable amount of iso and anteiso FAs was recognized in Candida tropicalis- like yeast (one strain), but none in C. tropicalis (one strain). The FA composition of these yeasts consisted mainly of unsaturated straight-chain FAs of C 18.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
肝臓へキソキナーゼの特性永山 文男, 大島 寛史1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 285-290
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHexokinase isozymes were isolated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography from the liver extracts of the common carp, grass carp, silver carp, eel, yellowtail, and rainbow trout.
There are four types of hexokinase isozyme in the fish liver, and the isozyme composition seems to be species specific: isozymes A and B (22:78) in the common carp, B (100) in the grass carp, B and C (47:53) in the silver carp, B, C and D (6:27:67) in the eel, C and D (75:25) in the yellowtail, and D (100) in the rainbow trout. From the elution patterns and Km values for glucose and ATP, it appears that fish isozymes A and D resemble mammalian isoenzymes I and III, respectively, while isozymes B and C resemble II.
Isozyme D of the rainbow trout or the yellowtail is inhibited by high concentrations of glucose while the other isozymes are not. An isozyme resembling mammalian isozyme IV (glucokinase) is not detectable in fish liver. A possible relationship between hexokinase and glucose utilization in fish is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (352K) -
コイ筋肉よりミオキナーゼの分離・精製大城 善太郎, 福島 正和, 林 征一1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 291-298
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyokinase (ATP: AMP phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.4.3) catalysing the equilibrium among ATP, ADP and AMP, was isolated from the extract of carp muscle by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-75, and by DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose column chromatography.
The separation of two distinct forms of myokinase into different fractions was brought about by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. These enzymes were termed myokinase I and myokinase II in order of elution from the column.
Myokinase I was further purified by means of DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, while myokinase II was further purified on CM-cellulose columns. These purified myokinase isozymes appeared homogeneous on disc gel electrophoretic analysis.
This fact suggested that, in spite of the seeming identity of the substrate specificities of these two enzymes, these two forms of myokinase isozymes are composed of different types of proteins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1517K) -
精製コイ筋肉ミオキナーゼの酵素化学的性質について福島 正和, 林 征一, 大城 善太郎1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 299-302
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPreviously, the authors reported on the purification of myokinase I and II from the carp muscle by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex gel filtration, and by DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose column chromatography.
In this paper, studies on some properties of these purified myokinase isozymes were reported.
The molecular weights of myokinase I and II, determined both by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and by electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gel, were 27, 000 and 22, 000, respectively.
Influences of pH and temperature on the transphosphorylysis of ADP by these two isozymes were almost similar, and enzymatic reactions were ascertained to be optimally active at pH 7.5 and temperature 36-38°C.
Carp myokinase isozymes were found to be specific for ADP, whereas they were ascertained not to transphosphorylyse the following sorts of nucleoside-5'-diphosphate: GDP, IDP, CDP and UDP. These results show the extremely high specificity of the carp myokinase isozymes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (222K) -
糖およびアミノ酸組成について浅川 牧夫1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 303-308
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carbohydrate constituents in the sialic acid-containing glycoprotein (SA-glycoprotein) of Japanese eel were identified by paper and gas-liquid chromatography, and quantitatively determined. The constituents were N-acetylgalactosamine (12.2%), N-acetylneuraminic acid (17.2%), hexose (galactose and mannose, 1.4%) and fucose (<0.01%), and their molar ratio excepting fucose was 1.00:1.01:0.14, respectively.
The amino acids in SA-glycoprotein were also analyzed. The principal amino acids were threonine, glutamic acid, serine, proline, valine, aspartic acid, glycine and lysine. Especially, it was noted that the hydroxy amino acids such as threonine and serine comprised 27.5 mole % of the total amino acid content. Alanine, isoleucine and leucine were present in relatively large amounts; the aromatic and sulfur-containing amino acids, in small amounts.
From these results, it was presumed that the carbohydrate moiety of SA-glycoprotein might consist of equimolar amounts of N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid, and might be O-glycosidically linked to the hydroxy groups of threonine and serine residues in the protein moiety as a prosthetic group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (311K) -
カタクチイワシ投与による鶏のV. B1欠乏症石原 忠, 紀成 尚志, 保田 正人1974 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 309-316
発行日: 1974/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe presence of high thiaminase activity in anchovy was reported in the previous paper. It was suggested from the report that continuous feeding of animals with the anchovy may possibly result in vitamin B1 deficiency.
In the present experiments, male chickens were fed with a diet containing water extract of anchovy and the effects on growth were studied. For the control, this water extract was boiled for 10 min before feeding.
As a result of feeding with the non-boiled extract of anchovy, the amount of B1 in liver and muscle gradually decreased but the amount of pyruvic acid in blood increased. Anorexia and retardation of growth were also observed, and heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature gradually decreased, resulting finally in typical vitamin B1 deficiency.
When 0.5 or 1.0 mg of vitamin B1 was injected daily into the leg muscle of B1 deficient male chickens, they regained their stamina in one or two days.
The control group given boiled extract showed favorable growth without any abnormal symptoms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (970K)
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