巻号一覧
42 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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吉田 俊一1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1193-1198
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperiments on the culture of P.nuntia var. vallata, which is used as a fishing bait, were carried out with the aim to find reasonable values for the worm density in the rearing container (600mm×400mm×150mm), daily amount of mashed eeldiet and daily feeding frequency.
The results obtained can be summarized as follows. The best harvest was produced when each container was stocked with two thousand larvae and given two feedings per day. In each container, the harvested weight of worms was 200g with the number worms being of 670 in a period of 150 days. During this period, the survival rate of worms stocked in the container was 32%, the total amount of food given was 250g and the food efficiency was 82%. The average body weight was found to be 0.3g, which is the minimum size suitable for fishing purposes. The correlation cofficient between the harvested number and the average dody weight was found to be -0.52562 in all experimental containers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (298K) -
吉田 俊一1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1199-1203
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs a method for accelerating the maturation of Perinereis nuntia var. vallata, the rearing temperature was regulated by means of an electric heater and a vinyl frame euclosure. In the frame rearing, begun from December, the height of swarming occured in early February when the heater was used and in mid-April when the heater was not used. In an ordinary rearing room, the height was reached in early March when the heater was used since December and in mid-April when the heater was used only from February. However, the height of the control, reared in an ordinary rearing room at room temperature was rearched in mid-May. The daily average temperature which existed during these swarmings was 23±3°C.
According to these experiments, it would seem that maturity is controled by the total effective temperature calculated since the hatching time. The temperature was estimated at about 5500°C day. The worms had swarmed after maturity at about 23°C whcich was their environmental temperature.
On induced spawning of the worm which metamorphosed to the epitoke stage, the experimentation was carried out with the regulation of water temperature and the occurrence of currents by the use of a syringe. The smoothest spawning was observed to take place when the water temperature was raised up to 3-5°C heigher than above mentioned swarming temperature. In this case, the spawned eggs had a high rate of fertilization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
三好 英夫1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1205-1211
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe decomposition of dead marine plankton was followed under laboratory conditions for 40 days by analyzing the plankton remains, and the following results were obtained.
The rapid breakdown of dead plankton into soluble forms occurred during the initial stage of plankton decay, and thereafter the breakdown rate was gradually depressed. The breakdown rate was accelerated by increasing the incubation temperature from 10° to 30°C, and the rate was apparently depressed under an anaerobic condition. About half the breakdown that occurred in the presence of microorganisms at 20°C was accomplished by autolysis.
Bacterial countings were carried out for the 20°C incubation samples concurrently with chemical examinations. The results show that, bacterial population increased rapidly during the initial stage of plankton decay, and decreased thereafter. Then, the apparent decreasing rates of organic carbon or organic nitrogen in the decomposed residues per unit bacterial count converged to similar levels in the course of plankton decay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (399K) -
産卵期前田 辰昭, 高橋 豊美, 伊地知 誠, 平川 英人, 上野 元一1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1213-1222
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper, the authors reported on the distribution pattern of the Alaska pollack, Theragra chalcogramma (PALLAS), which have been found in fairly large numbers during the feeding season in the adjacent waters of the Funka Bay, Hokkaido. In this paper, the distribution, migration, and spawning grounds of the adult Alaska pollack in the spawning season during August 1973 through July 1974 have been examined and is reported.
The spawning season marked by the maturation stage of the gonad in the Alaska pollack lasted during January to March in 1974.
The shoal migrated toward the shallow parts with the progress of maturation of their gonads; they stayed at the front of the cold water mass near the 100 meter depth. The cold water mass in the shallow parts was caused by the cooling in winter and by the upper layer water mass of the Oyashio current, 1974.
The spawning grounds of the Alaska pollack varied with the intensity of cooling in winter and with the upper layer cold water mass of the Oyashio current. In 1954, the main spawning grounds were reported to be inside the Funka Bay, when the sea water temperature of the shallow parts in this region was high, but in 1974 when the sea water temperature of the shallow parts is low, its grounds were at the entrance of the Bay near the 100-120 meter depth.
The sex ratio of the fish in the spawning season varied at each station. The male fish remained for a long time in the spawning grounds, but the female fish migrated to the deep sea areas once spawning was over. Because there were more male fish than female fish at the spawning grounds, the female fish predominated at the feeding groounds in the deep sea areas.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1402K) -
小栗 幹郎1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1223-1227
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHistochemical examinations were made on the dark brown pigment granules found in the interstitial tissue of rainbow trout kidney. The pigment granules reduced a solution of acid or ammoniacal silver nitrate to metallic silver. They were slowly bleached by 10% hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, they became bleached by a mixture of sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate in the oxidizing process of GOMORI's chrome-hematoxylin and phloxine stain, after fixing with dichromate-free fluids. On the other hand, these pigment granules were negative for PAS reaction and BUNTING's prussian blue test, and also were not stainable with sudan black B. From these histochemical results, the pigment granules were identified as melanins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1292K) -
藤野 和男1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1229-1235
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA series of earlier genetic studies on blood groups and isozymes indicated the existence of at least two separate subpopulations of skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, in the Pacific Ocean and that the boundary between ranges of the different subpopulations shifts east-westerly by season in the offshore waters of the east coast of Japan and in the waters between the Bonin-Mariana Chain and the international date line in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Insufficient data, however, had made such description difficult for the southwestern Pacific Ocean.More recent genetic studies on blood specimens from the southwestern Pacific Ocean indicate that the boundary between ranges of the above two subpopulations stays within the Tasman Sea all the year round and suggest that the western limit of the range of the central-eastern Pacific subpopulation(s) extends to the west close to the east coast of New South Wales in early winter in the southern hemisphere. On the basis of genetic data accumulated for the last eleven years, rejection limits of frequencies of an allele, E1sj, which determines the fastest band of serum esterase variants, were recalculated for the above two subpopulations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (354K) -
年齢表示形質としての耳石の検討林 泰行1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1237-1242
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (345K) -
耳石による年齢と成長の推定林 泰行1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1243-1249
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (414K) -
魚探記録中の記録像の解析石井 丈夫1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1251-1261
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to design the mask and to count echo patterns by field data, the structure and characteristics of the group of element “SET” and the relationship between these charac-teristics and several factors were analyzed from field data obtained during the cruise of the Hakuho Maru (KH-69-4) in 1969.
1) Several groups of elements were extracted from the digital echo data by applying the linkage of elements. Furthermore, several SUBSETs where the method for decision of the next base point is different from that of SET were extracted from SET by the linkage map.
2) SETs are classified into three types (A, B2 and BM) by the number of SUBSET in SET (one, two and more than two).
3) The number of SETs of TYPE-B (B2+BM) increases in accordance to slice level decreases, and the number of elements of SET for TYPE-B was found to be more than that of TYPE-A. Especially, when the slice level is low the number of elements in SET increased.
4) From tests for determining the ratio of the number of TYPE-BM to TYPE-A+B2, the number of SETs of the latter were found to be more than that of the former in all cases.
5) The effect of ship speed on the number of SETs in 6 knots was not as considerable as that in 4 knots.
6) Moreover, two undesirable types of SETs, SET ELEMENT OVER and SUBSET OVER, were counted in each case, because these SETs are not suitable for application to design echo masks. The former is SET which has more than 118 elements, and the latter is SET which has more than 16 SUBSETs. These special SETs increased abruptly when the slice level becomes low.
7) From these analyses, it seems that 0.4 or 0.5 for slice level and 6 knots for ship speeds are optimum levels for designing of the mask and echo pattern counting.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (530K) -
潟巣 章ニ, 渡辺 勝子1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1263-1266
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe white muscles of cultured and wild red sea breams, Chrysophrys major, from two localities were analyzed for nonprotein nitrogenous consitiuents, such as free amino acids, lower peptides, nucleotides, trimethylamine oxide, creatine and creatinine.
The distribution patterns of these compounds in cultured and wild fish were found to be very similar, although there was a relatively large difference in taurine content which was higher in the wild fish regardless of locality.
Crude fat was more abundant in the muscle of cultured fish than in that of wild ones.
Palatability of cultured and wild red sea breams is discussed in relation to these chemical constituents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (221K) -
坂口 宏海1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1267-1272
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAccompanying the progress in fish culture, the control of fish diseases is a serious problem in this country. Recently the estimation of biochemical components in serum has been employed in the diagnosis of diseased fish. However, evaluation of the results is somewhat difficult owing to the scanty information on the clinical chemistry of fishes. Decreased appetite is frequently observed in many kinds of fishes as an initial disease symptom. Accordingly, a better understanding of the physiological changes in serum following fasting should not be disregarded in the diagnosis of fish.
In the present paper, the effect of starvation on the chemical components in serum, hepatopancreas and muscle of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiate) is described. Yellowtail of average weight 265g were kept without food for 50 days and, after a definite time, were sacrificed for chemical analysis.
The glycogen level in the hepatopancreas decreased after 2 days of fasting. This decrease persisted until the 22nd day after which a slight increase was recognized. Although the fat content in the muscle and hepatopancreas dropped sharply within 3 days, a fairly large amount of oil was observed around the 10th and 32nd days in muscle and hepatopancreas, respectively. Serum β-lipoprotein, total cholesterol and protein decreased drastically after 2 to 5 days of fasting. The triglyceride content, which decreased during the initial 5 days showed a conspicuous increase 22 and 32 days later. On prolonged starvation a new fraction was recognized in the electrophoretic pattern of the serum glycoprotein. GPT activity in the serum increased after 32 and 50 days but that of GOT did not change during the 50 days.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫, 岡本 春人1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1273-1280
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the sterol-synthesizing ability and the fate of dietary sterols, cholesterol and desmosterol, in the crabs, Sesarma dehaani and Helice tridens. Injected acetate-1-14C was not incorporated into either squalene or sterols in the above crabs. This suggested that the sterol-synthesizing ability from acetate is absent or weak in the crabs, S. dehaani and H. tridens. The apparent percentage absorptions of dietary cholesterol and desmosterol from the digestive tracts were 91.9 and 90.9, respectively. The ingested cholesterol and desmosterol were metabolized to steryl esters and polar compounds but only slightly to water-soluble sterols. Also, it was shown that the crab, S. dehaani, is capable of converting desmosterol to cholesterol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (473K) -
河川および湖沼棲息魚の腸内細菌叢吉水 守, 神山 和義, 木村 喬久, 坂井 稔1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1281-1290
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーViable counts were determined seasonally on the intestinal contents of 55 masusalmon (Oncorhynchus masou), 6 white-spotted char (Salvelinus leucomaenis), and 3 kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) collected at two rivers and two lakes in the south of Hokkaido. The microflora of their ambient waters was also determined at the same time. About 1400 strains were isolated from the above samples. The composition of the microflora was determined according to the scheme of SHEWAN et al. (1960).
The results are summarized as follows:
1) Viable microbial counts of the ambient waters were less than 1 to 103 per milliliter with observed seasonal variations, i.e. higher in summer, lower in winter. The microflora included the genera Flavobacterium/Cytophaga, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Achromobacter, and Enterobacteriaceae.
2) Viable microbial counts in the intestinal contents of the salmon ranged from 102 to 108 per gram, with observed seasonal variations, i.e. higher from spring to summer and lower in winter.
3) The intestinal microflora was comparatively simpler than of the ambient waters. The principal genera in the intestinal contents of the salmon were the Aeromonas and the Enterobacteriaceae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (473K) -
溯河魚の腸内細菌叢吉本 守, 木村 喬久, 坂井 稔1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1291-1298
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTen adult pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) caught at the mouth of a river for collecting their eggs and reared about 3 months in fresh water without feeding, 20 anadromous chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) caught for the same purpose, and 10 cultured masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) which had reached their maturity were used as test samples. The pink and chum salmon were provided by the Oshima Branch of the Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery and the masu salmon, by the Mori Branch of the Hokkaido Fish Hatchery. Viable counts were determined in the intestinal slime of these salmon. About 370 strains were isolated from the above samples. The composition of the microflora was determined according to the scheme of SHEWAN et al. (1960).
The results are summarized as follows:
1) The number of microorganisms in the intestinal slime of the anadromous pink and chum salmon ranged from 102 to 108 per gram. In the mature masu salmon, it was less, ranging from nil to 105 per gram.
2) The predominant genera in the intestinal slime of the anadromous pink and chum salmon were the Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas. All of the Vibrio were of the marine or halophilic type, the Pseudomonas were of the halophilic and terrestrial type, and most of the Aeromonas were of the terrestrial type.
3) The Aeromonas were predominant in the intestinal microflora of the mature masu salmon cultured in fresh water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (449K) -
田宮 徹, 水口 晴夫, 宇津 木敏, 鈴木 たね子, 松本 重一郎1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1299-1304
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper, the existence of a component with accelerating effects on the contractile activity of fish muscle actomyosin was found in the hydrolysate of fur seal skeletal muscle.
This work was undertaken to isolate the active peptide components from the fur seal muscle hydrolysate. Minced skeletal muscle of fur seal was digested with protease and the resulting hydrolysate was gel filtered on Sephadex G-25. The eluate was divided into four major fractions, each of which was tested for accelerating effect on superprecipitation and ATPase activity of fish actomyosins.On both superprecipitation and ATPase activities, Fraction 3 of the gel filtration showed the best accelerating effect, while Fractions 2 and 4 showed lesser effects. This suggests that the accelerating factor for superprecipitation and ATPase activity is related with but distinct from the vasoactive and vasodilatory factors which were found to be most prominent in Fraction 2 as reported previously.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (338K) -
関口 秀夫1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1305
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (97K) -
保田 茂次郎1976 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 1307
発行日: 1976/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (78K)
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