巻号一覧
47 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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鈴木 譲, 日比谷 京1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 323-327
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe acute inflammatory responses in the pectoal fin of carp were observed by histological method, with special reference to vascular changes. In inflammation initiated by formalin injection, the venular dilatation and the swelling caused by acute increase in venular permeability occurred immediately after injury. In croton oil inflammation, similar responses were observed, but the changes were considerably delayed.
Correlation between the increased permeability and altered vascular structure was investigated by injecting marker particles of colloidal carbon intervascularly to formalin inflamed fish. Light microscopically it was observed that carbon particles were attached to inner surface of dilated venules. Electron microscopy revealed that gaps were formed at the junctions between adjacent endothelial cells, and carbon particles gathered at these gaps. Exudation by increased permeability occurred through these gaps of venules, but not capillaries. These responses were basically similar to those of mammals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1834K) -
鈴木 譲, 日比谷 京1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 329-331
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe orbital tissue of carp was inflamed by injection of 1% croton oil in cottonseed oil, and changes in protein composition of the orbital fluid were investigated. Protein contents of this fluid in intact fish were about 41% of the counterpart of the blood plasma. The value was elevated after initiation of inflammation together with the projection of eyeball, caused by the fluid accumulation owing to increased vascular permeability. It reached almost the same levels of the blood plasma after 12 hours, and lowered together with decrease of the fluid, after 48 hours. Some increase in the protein contents was observed also in cottonseed oil injected control, but this was not so much. On starch gel electrophoregram of protein fractions, no differences between the fluid and the blood plasma were observed at any time. From these results, we concluded that in inflammation, barriers of walls of the blood vessels to plasma protein exudation which produce low protein content of the body fluid are broken temporarily, and with increased vascular permeability, the plasma protein leaks out freely to extravascular spaces.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (121K) -
清水 昭男, 羽生 功1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 333-339
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAdult bitterling, Acheilognathus tabira, were sampled at intervals ranging from one to three months with a set net in Lake Kasumigaura for two years. Maturity of fish was estimated from gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonadal histology. In females ovipositor length and egg diameter were also examined.
Gonads stayed regressed during high summer months, when most oocytes were at perinucleolus stage, and all of male germ cells were spermatogonia, From this state, maturation progressed in two phases. In the first phase that began in September, accummulation of yolk vesicles and formation of spermatocytes occurred accompanying slow increase of GSI and egg diameter. In the second phase that began in March or early April, accummulation of yolk globules and active spermatogenesis occurred accompanyig rapid increase of GSI and egg diameter. Judging from elongation of the ovipositor and appearance of the ovulated eggs, the spawning period of this species extends from late April to late June, though it may somewhat fluctuate by years. After the period gonads regressed rapidly.
Different environmental factors may effect the initiation of each phase of maturation and the termination of the spawning season. Activity of gonadotrophs corresponded to each maturation phase, which suggests that both phases are controlled by gonadotropin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2881K) -
神田 猛, 板沢 靖男1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 341-345
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOxyen consumption of the catfish eel Plotosus anguillaris was lower in fish of a group of 6 or 10 fish than in an isolated one. Mirror images did not lower oxyen consumption of an isolated fish. Group effect on oxygen consumption still existed in the dark. Oxygen consumption of an isolated fish in conditioned water introduced after flow through a container of 15 fish was lower than that of an isolated fish in fresh, unconditioned water, but still higher than that of fish in an actual group of 10 fish in fresh, unconditioned water. Oxygen consumption of an isolated fish was higher in fish which had been kept in a group of 5 or 10 fish before experimentation than in those which had been kept separately.
Fish in a group of 5 or 10 fish ingested larger amount of feed during one hour after feeding and showed larger increment of weight during 18 days than an isolated fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (255K) -
竹内 昌昭, 中添 純一1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 347-352
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dietary levels of phosphorus on the lipid content and its composition in carp was investigated. The diets containing different levels (3.2 to 1, 880mg per 100g) of phosphorus were fed for 6 weeks, and then some of the carp were kept without feeding for 3 weeks. On the termination of feeding and non-feeding periods, moistrue and crude fat were determined. The lipids were fractionated into polar and nonpolar lipid, and the fatty acid composition of both lipids were determined.
The dietary levels of phosphorus affected the moisture and crude fat in carcass and viscera. Feeding low-phosphorus diet resulted in low moisture and high crude fat. Carp fed on the diet containing half the amount of phosphorus requirement contained 2 times as much fat as those fed on the diet of sufficient amount of phosphorus. In the carp fed on low-phosphorus diet, the amount of oleic acid of nonpolar lipid was more than that of carp fed on the diet containing sufficient amount of phosphorus. During the non-feeding period of 3 weeks, the crude fat of entire fish ingested sufficient phosphorus decresed to two or one third but that of deficient group did not decrease. The decrease of body weight by non-feeding in the deficient group was larger than that of the carp fed on diet containing sufficient amount of phosphorus before non-feeding. It as contrary to the decrease of crude fat.
The results obtained suggested that β-oxidation of fatty acid is inhibited by deficiency of dietary phosphorus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (288K) -
大西 登史郎, 鈴木 満平, 竹内 昌昭1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 353-357
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe activities of several hepatopancreatic enzymes of carp reared at various dietary phosphorus levels were determined. Malnutrition of carp caused by the phosphorus deficiency, which accompanied accumulation of lipid in muscle and viscera, the activity of hepatopancreatic CCE, G/DH and gluconeogenic enzymes (FDPase and PEPCK) appeared to increase, and that of PK decreased remarkably. The activity ratios of both FDPase to PFK and PEPCK to PK increased. This fact shows preponderance of gluconeogenic activity.
After fasting for 3 weeks, decrease in the PGDH activity and lipid of the phosphrus deficiency group was much smaller than that of the phosphorus excess group. On the contrary, decrease in PK activity was more significant in the latter.
From the results, it is supposed that fatty acids synthesis via citrate from amino acids may be accelerated by the deficeency of phosphorus. In addition, recycling of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate (futile cycle) activated by the dominant PEPCK acitivity, which was much higher than PK activity, would decrease in the activity of the TCA cycle, thus, energy production by the glycolytic pathway, and result in more utilization of amino acids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (237K) -
DUONG Van Qua, 清水 潮, 多賀 信夫1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 359-364
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA large proportion of moderately halophilic bacteria exist in considerable numbers in marine environment, just off the coast of Japan. Viable counts of the marine moderate halophiles and general heterotrophic marine bacteria varied from station to station. A large proportion of protease-producing bacteria was found among heterotrophic bacteria and a considerable proportion of protease-producers was also found among moderate halophiles in the various marine environments studied. Mean value of the occurrence of total protease producers among heterotrophic marine bacteria was generally higher than that of the moderately halphilic bacteria; that is, the proportions were 70% in Tokyo Bay, 80% in Sagami Bay, 60% in the Kuroshio region and 30% in the sediments of Sagami Bay in the case of the heterotrophic marine bacteria; 30% in Tokyo Bay, 45% in Sagami Bay, 20% in hte Kuroshio region and 15% in the sediments of Sagami Bay in the case of the moderately halophilic bacteria.
Among the moderately halophilic isolates teseted, Pseudomonas spp. were always found to be dominant in seawater sample. Howeverk, Acinetobacter spp. were dominant in the moderate halophiles in the sediments. Only a small percentage of Flavobacterium spp. and Caulobacter spp. were found in the microflora.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
鈴木 秋果, 山田 充阿弥, Julie M. MACARANAS1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 365-370
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLatex (Lx) agglutination tests have been employed in species indentification of molluscs and crustaceans. The tests were performed by slide glass method, and 0.5% suspension of polystyren Lx particles, were used for the tests. In general, antiserums of rats immunized with sarcoplasmic proteins of molluscs and crustanceans specifically agglutinated the Lx coated with homologous sarcoplasmic antigens, but some cross reactions were detected between the related species. To confirm the species specificity of reactions, the agglutination inhibition tests were made by adding the inhibiting antigen solution (muscle extract) into the agglutination reaction systems. The results showed that the identification of species was possible through these tests, when the suitable specific antiserum was used.
Lx coated with antibody of rat immune serum was also specifically agglutinated by homologous antigen solution.
It was concluded that the Lx agglutination test is very useful in identifying the species, since the reaction was very specific and much more sensitive in comparison with the micro-immunodif-fusion method. However, in the development of other studies using Lx agglutination, further investigation has to be carried out especially on the problems concerned with the unspecific agglutination occurring with muscle extracts of some teleost species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (292K) -
新間 弥一郎, 池田 和夫, 新間 脩子1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 371-376
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPacked cell volume, protein, cholesterol, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, zinc and potassium levels in plasma on two groups of fully matured rainbow trout were investigated in November and December. The control group (I) was supplied a feed with fish meal (60) and wheat flour (26), and SCP group (II) with fish meal (35), methanol-grown yeast (30) and wheat flour (21). Average protein content of (I) was a little higher, and cholesterol level of (I) was significantly higher than those of (II). Following equations were obtained from the elevated protein level of females of both groups.
P (mg/100ml)=23.1x-53.2 (r=0.950)
Ca (mg/100ml)=12.15x-48.8 (r=0.937)
Mg (mg/100ml)=0.606x-0.95 (r=0.936)
x=protein cont. (g/100ml)
Gonadosomatic index, hematocrit, and potassium contents showed no correlation with the protein level. In December Zn decreased 0.136mg/100ml as plasma protein level increased by 1g.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (253K) -
松野 隆男, 真岡 孝志1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 377-384
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPectenoloe, diatoxanthin, pectenoxanthin mytiloxanthin, and a new carotenoid were isolated from the muscle tissue of Japanese sea mussels, Mytilus coruscus.
The structure of the new carotenoid has been established as 3, 4, 3'-trihydroxy-7', 8'-didehydro-β-carotene, by chemical and phusical methods including PMR, IR, and mass spectra.
This is the first example of monoacetylenic triol in nature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (505K) -
松野 隆男, 平岡 勝行, 眞岡 孝至1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 385-390
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe presence of carotenoids from the gonad of scallops, Patinopecten yessoensis was investigated.
The following five carotenoids were identified as free form: pectenolone (73.0%), pectenoxanthin (13.0)%, diatoxanthin (9.0)%, a new carotenoid, 3, 4, 3'-trihydroxy-7', 8'-didehydro-β-carotene (3.5%), and astaxanthin (1.0%).
This is the first example of reporting the isolation of pectenolone in free form.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (206K) -
荒谷 孝昭, 岡野 正義, 舟木 由美子, 水井 富美恵1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 391-395
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper describes the seasonal variation of constituents such as sterol, hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid fractions from Codium fragile (SUR.) HARIOT growing profusely in the Inland Sea of Japan.
C. fragile is characterized by a higher content of clerosterol [(24S)-24-ethylcholesta-5, 25-dien-3β-ol] (80%) as the major component in the sterol fraction throughout the year, and its content attained the minimum level in the summer months and reached the maximum level in the winter months. The contents of 24-methylenecholesterol and cholesterol were consistently low in all seasons.
Heptadecane was characteristically present in appreciable amounts, except during the autumn months. The palmitic acid content rapidly increased from early spring to the summer months and then decreased to its minimum level in the winter months. The phytol content was generally low throughout the year.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (272K) -
高田 欣二, 神谷 久男1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 397-401
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFish protein concentrate (FPC) and lipids were prepared from the muscle of the stromateid fish, Cubiceps gracilis, to investigate their nutritive effects on rats. The FPC wsa found to rather promote the growth of rats with the protein efficiency tatio 3.84, which is higher than that of casein, 3.26. The muscle lipid represented mainly by diacyl glyceryl ethers (DAGE's) showed a nutritional value comparable to that of cottonseed oil. The rats fed with a DAGE diet accumulated in their liver lipid detectable amounts of DAGE's which were similar in composition to those of the muscle lipid of C. gracilis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (198K) -
山口 勝巳, 小川 克公, 武田 登, 橋本 周久, 岡市 友利1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 403-409
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe measurement of oxygen dissociation curves of hemoglobins of cultured yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, red sea bream Chrysophrys major, and black sea bream Mylio macrocephalus revealed that yellowtail hemoglobin has a unique property in oxygen equilibria. It showed a large Bohr effect, Δlog P50/ΔpH=-1.3, between pH 7.4 and 6.7 but lacked the pH dependence almost entirely below pH 6.7 in contrast to the hemoglobins of the two breams. The sonicate of the red tide plankton, Chattonella sp. which causes the mass mortality of cultured yellowtail, had little influence on the oxygen dissociation curves of yellowtail hemoglobin. However, the pH values of the gills and blood of the yellowtails kept in the red tide water fell down to 6.7.
From these results and previous findings of other workers, it may be said that some irritating substance from the red tide plankton should trigger a violent swim of the fish, which inevitably induces the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle and the drop of pH in the blood, leading the fish to asphyxiation even in the oxygen saturated sea water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (382K) -
神谷 久男, 清水 讓1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 411-414
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn screening of hemagglutinins in marine animals and plants, we found quite active hemagglutinins in the coelomic fluid of acorn barnacles. Among nine species of acorn barnacles examined, coelomic fluids prepared from Balanus roseus, B. trigonus, B. cariosus, B. amphitrite amphitrite, B. balanoides, and Tetraclita squamosa japonica showed agglutinating activity against vertebrate erythrocytes. Hemagglutinins in acorn barnacles were heat-labile and were active in a wide range of pH values between 4 and 10. Adsorption tests revealed that they were nonspecific for human ABH blood groups. The agglutinin from B. balanoides was found to be inhibited specifically by D-galacturonic acid. On the other hand, D-galactose and lactose suppressed agglutinating titer of coelomic fluids prepared from B. roseus and B. trigonus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (225K) -
外山 健三, 奧積 昌世, 横井 孝成, 青江 弘1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 415-419
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs a cause of increasing death rete observed in chickens by ulceration in their muscular stomachs, histamine in fish meals used as their feeds has been suspected in Japanese poultry industry. Therefore, relatively fresh commercial products of fish meals and fish scraps were analysed to ascertain the degree and the mechanism of histamine accumulation in these products. In consequence, relatively higher amount of histamine was found in some whole fish meals manufactured from the red muscle fish, such as mackerel, sardine, and anchovy. While, the histamine content was lower in the meals manufactured without fish solubles addition, than in the solubles obtained from the identical raw fish at the same factories. Further, it was confirmed experimentally that considerable portions of histamine accumulated in the raw fish were pressed out into the stick water fraction by “cook and press” operation. These results may well suggest that fish solubles occupy a considerable portion of histamine accumulated in the deteriorated raw fish, such as mackerel and sardine, and contribute to increase the histamine content in the whole meals thus produced.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (227K) -
坂田 泰造, 光岡 知足, 杉田 治男, 柿本 大壱, 門田 元1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 421-427
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOne hundred and nine srains of obligate anaerobic bacteria isolated from the intestines of 6freshwater fish were examined for morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. They were divided into two distinct groups, A and B, which consisted of two single species, judging from the consistency of most characteristics within each group. They were non-motile, non-sporing, gram-negative, obligate anaerobic rods which produced acetic acid but not butyric or lactic acid as major products in PYFG broth. Based on these rsults, both groups should belong to the genus Bacteroides. Most of the obligate anaerobic strains demonstrated no activity or weak activity in macromolecule hydrolysis and carbohydrate fermentation compared with facultative anaerobes isolated from fish intestines.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1648K) -
佐藤 孜郎, 畑 敬子, 佐藤 邦子1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 429-434
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe water-soluble polysaccharides (SP) retained in the fronds decreased rapidly at the early stage of cooking. The water-insoluble polysaccharides (IP) retained in the fronds slowly decreased, and the effused polysaccharides into soup (EP) increased throughout cooking.
Among SP-bound metals, K decreased rapidly, and Ca and Mg slowly increased during cooking. In the IP fraction, Ca did not change and the other metals (Na, K and Mg) decreased. In the EP fratction, K decreased slightly, and the other metals somewhat increased.
The metal composition of EP was similar to SP uncooked fronds, and that of SP retained in the cooked fronds was similar to that of IP of uncooked fronds. Ca and Mg were dominant in IP retained in th cooked fronds.
The molecular weight of alginate retained in the cooked fronds was higher than that in EP. The M/G ratio of the former was lower than that of the latter.
Thermalgravimetric analysis revealed that the water-holding capacity of sodium alginate solution after heating rose significantly. These results suggest that the transformation of the water-insoluble alginate to the water-soluble one occurred during cooking and that the alginate effused into soup was the water-soluble alginate of uncooked fronds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1344K) -
辻村 卓, 福田 知子, 笠井 孝正, 北村 佐三郎1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 435
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (58K) -
矢野 勲1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 437
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2103K) -
坂口 守彦, 河合 章1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 439
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
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K. S. CHUNG, Amado ACUNA1981 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 441
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (63K)
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